Chapter 83

Yuddha Kanda - Book Of War

VERSE 1

राघवश्चापि विपुलं तं राक्षसवनौकसाम्
श्रुत्वा सङ्ग्रामनिर्घोषं जाम्बवन्तमुवाच ह

rāghavaścāpi vipulaṃ taṃ rākṣasavanaukasām
śrutvā saṅgrāmanirghoṣaṃ jāmbavantamuvāca ha

SYNONYMS

śrutvā: hearing | tam vipulam samgrāma nirghoṣam: that great tumult of battle | rākṣasa vanaukasam: between demons and monkeys | rāghavaścāpi: Rama | uvāca ha: spoke | jāmbavantam: to Jambavan (as follows): |

TRANSLATION

On hearing that great tumult of battle between demons and monkeys, Rama spoke to Jambavan as follows:

VERSE 2

सौम्य नूनं हनुमता कृतं कर्म सुदुष्करम्
श्रूयते हि यथा भीमः सुमहानायुधस्वनः

saumya nūnaṃ hanumatā kṛtaṃ karma suduṣkaram
śrūyate hi yathā bhīmaḥ sumahānāyudhasvanaḥ

SYNONYMS

saumya: O excellent Jamabavan ! | yathā: from the way in which | sumahān: a very great | bhīmaḥ: terrible | āyudhasvanaḥ: rattling sound of arms | śrūyate: is ehard (it seems) | suduṣkaram karma: an exceedingly difficult feat | kṛtam: has been performed | hanumatā: by Hanuma | nūnam: it is certain. |

TRANSLATION

"O excellent Jambavan! From the way in which a very great terrible rattling sound of arms in heard, it seems an exceedingly difficult feat has been performed by Hanuma. It is certain."

VERSE 3

तद्गच्छ कुरु साहाय्यं स्वबलेनाभिसंवृतः
क्षिप्रमृष्कपते तस्य कपिश्रेष्ठस्य युध्यतः

tadgaccha kuru sāhāyyaṃ svabalenābhisaṃvṛtaḥ
kṣipramṛṣkapate tasya kapiśreṣṭhasya yudhyataḥ

SYNONYMS

ṛkṣapate: O lord of bears! | tat: therefore | abhisamvṛtaḥ: accompanied | svabalena: by your own army | gaccha: go | kṣipram: and quickly | kuru sāhāyyam: extend your help | tasya kapiśreṣṭhasya: to that Hanuma | yudhyataḥ: who is fighting. |

TRANSLATION

"O lord of bears! Therefore, accompanied by your own army, go and quickly extend your help to that Hanuma, who is fighting."

VERSE 4

ऋक्षराजस्तथेत्युक्त्वा स्वेनानीकेन संवृतः
आगच्छत्पश्चिमद्वारं हनूमान्यत्र वानरः

ṛkṣarājastathetyuktvā svenānīkena saṃvṛtaḥ
āgacchatpaścimadvāraṃ hanūmānyatra vānaraḥ

SYNONYMS

uktvā: saying | tatheti: "yet | samvṛtaḥ: and surrounded | svena anīkena: by his own army | ṛkṣapatiḥ: Jambavan | āgaccat: came | paścima dvāram: to the western gate | yatra: where | vānaraḥ: the monkey | hanūmān: Hanuma was. |

TRANSLATION

Saying "Yes, so be it" and surrounded by his own army, Jambavan came to the western gate, where the monkey, Hanuma was.

VERSE 5

अथायान्तं हनूमन्तं ददर्शर्क्षपतिः पथि
वानरैः कृतसङ्ग्रामैः श्वसद्भिरभिसंवृतम्

athāyāntaṃ hanūmantaṃ dadarśarkṣapatiḥ pathi
vānaraiḥ kṛtasaṅgrāmaiḥ śvasadbhirabhisaṃvṛtam

SYNONYMS

atha: thereupon | ṛkṣapatiḥ: Jambavan | dadarśa: saw | hanūmantam: Hanuma | āyāntam: coming | abhisamvṛtam: surrounded | vānaraiḥ: by monkeys | tadā kṛtasamgrāmaiḥ: who had then given fight | śvasadbhiḥ: and were sighing (on account of grief caused by the destruction of Seetha). |

TRANSLATION

Thereupon, Jambavan saw Hanuma, coming with monkeys, who had given fight and were sighing (on account of grief caused by the destruction of Seetha).

VERSE 6

दृष्ट्वा पथि हनूमांश्च तदृष्कबलमुद्यतम्
नीलमेघनिभं भीमं संनिवार्य न्यवर्तत

dṛṣṭvā pathi hanūmāṃśca tadṛṣkabalamudyatam
nīlameghanibhaṃ bhīmaṃ saṃnivārya nyavartata

SYNONYMS

dṛṣṭvā: seeing | tat: that | bhīmam: terrible | ṛkṣabalam: army of bears | nīla megha nibham: looking like a dark cloud | pathi: on their way | udyatam: ready | samnivārya: and effectively intercepting it | hanūmānca: Hanuma | nyavartata: retreated (them all). |

TRANSLATION

Seeing that terrible army of bears, looking like a dark cloud on their way, ready (to perform battle) and effectively intercepting it, Hanuma retreated them all.

VERSE 7

स तेन हरिसैन्येन संनिकर्षं महायशाः
शीघ्रमागम्य रामाय दुःखितो वाक्यमब्रवीत्

sa tena harisainyena saṃnikarṣaṃ mahāyaśāḥ
śīghramāgamya rāmāya duḥkhito vākyamabravīt

SYNONYMS

śīghram: quickly | āgamya samnikarṣam: seeking the presence (of Rama) | tena sainyena śa: with that army | mahāyaśāḥ: the highly illustrious | saḥ: Hanuma | duḥkhitaḥ: with sorrow | abravīt: spoke | vākyam: the following words | rāmāya: to Rama. |

TRANSLATION

Quickly seeking the presence of Rama with that army, the highly illustrious Hanuma, with sorrow, spoke the following words to Rama:

VERSE 8

समरे युध्यमानानामस्माकं प्रेक्षतां च सः
जघान रुदतीं सीतामिन्द्रजिद्रावणात्मजः

samare yudhyamānānāmasmākaṃ prekṣatāṃ ca saḥ
jaghāna rudatīṃ sītāmindrajidrāvaṇātmajaḥ

SYNONYMS

prekṣatām: while we stood looking on yudhya maanaanaam samare = during the time we were carrying on the battle | indrajit: Indrajit | rāvaṇātmajaḥ: the son of Ravana | asmākam puraḥ: in front of us | jaghāna: killed | rudatīm: the lamenting | sītām: Seetha. |

TRANSLATION

"While we, who were carrying on the battle, stood looking on, Indrajit, the son of Ravana killed Seetha in front of us, even though she continued to weep."

VERSE 9

उद्भ्रान्तचित्तस्तां दृष्ट्वा विषण्णो।अहमरिन्दम
तदहं भवतो वृत्तं विज्ञापयितुमागतः

udbhrāntacittastāṃ dṛṣṭvā viṣaṇṇo|ahamarindama
tadahaṃ bhavato vṛttaṃ vijñāpayitumāgataḥ

SYNONYMS

arimdama: O destroyer of enemies! | dṛṣṭvā: seeing | tām: her | udbhrānta cittaḥ: with a distressed mind | aham viṣaṇṇaḥ: I felt sad | aham: I | āgataḥ: came | viñāpayitum: to report | bhavataḥ: to you | vṛttam: the event. |

TRANSLATION

"O destroyer of enemies! On seeing her with my distressed mind, I felt sad. I came to report the event to you."

VERSE 10

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा राघवः शोकमूर्छितः
निपपात तदा भूमौ छिन्नमूल इव द्रुमः

tasya tadvacanaṃ śrutvā rāghavaḥ śokamūrchitaḥ
nipapāta tadā bhūmau chinnamūla iva drumaḥ

SYNONYMS

śrutvā: hearing | tat vacanam: those words | tasya: of Hanuma | rāghavaḥ: Rama | tadā: then | śokamūrcchitaḥ: was excited with grief | nipapāta: and fell down | bhūmau: on the ground | drumaḥ iva: like a tree | cchinna mūlah: with its bottom chopped off. |

TRANSLATION

Hearing those words of Hanuma, Rama then was agitated with grief and fell down on the ground, like a tree with its bottom chopped off.

VERSE 11

तं भूमौ देवसङ्काशं पतितं दृश्य राघवम्
अभिपेतुः समुत्पत्य सर्वतः कपिसत्तमाः

taṃ bhūmau devasaṅkāśaṃ patitaṃ dṛśya rāghavam
abhipetuḥ samutpatya sarvataḥ kapisattamāḥ

SYNONYMS

dṛśya: seeing | tam rāmam: that Rama | deva samkāśam: with the resemblance of god | patitam: who fell | bhūmau: on the ground | kaisattamāḥ: the chiefs of monkeys | samutpatya: came bouncing | sarvataḥ: from all sides | abhipetuḥ: rushed towards him. |

TRANSLATION

On seeing that Rama, who with the semblance of god, falling on the ground, the chiefs of monkeys came bouncing from all sides and rushed towards him.

VERSE 12

असिञ्चन्सलिलैश्चैनं पद्मोत्पलसुगन्धिभिः
प्रदहन्तमसह्यं च सहसाग्निमिवोत्थितम्

asiñcansalilaiścainaṃ padmotpalasugandhibhiḥ
pradahantamasahyaṃ ca sahasāgnimivotthitam

SYNONYMS

asiṅcan: they sprinkled | enam: him | salilaiḥ: with water | padmotpalasugandhibhiḥ: fragrant with scent of lotuses and lilies | anāsādyam: an inextinguishable | agnim: fire | udyadam: which has just flared up | sahasā: suddenly | pradahantam: and is burning all. |

TRANSLATION

They sprinkled him with water, fragrant with scent of lotuses and lilies, as one would sprinkle an inextinguishable as one would sprinkle an inextinguishable fire, which has just flared up suddenly and is burning all.

VERSE 13

तं लक्ष्मणो।अथ बाहुभ्यां परिष्वज्य सुदुःखितः
उवाच राममस्वस्थं वाक्यं हेत्वर्थसंहितम्

taṃ lakṣmaṇo|atha bāhubhyāṃ pariṣvajya suduḥkhitaḥ
uvāca rāmamasvasthaṃ vākyaṃ hetvarthasaṃhitam

SYNONYMS

atha: then | suduḥkhitaḥ: the very much lamenting | lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana | pariṣvajya: having embraced | tam asvastham rāmam: that ailing Rama | uvāca: spoke | vākyam: the following words | hetvartha samyutam: endowed with a reason and meaning. |

TRANSLATION

Then, the highly lamenting Lakshmana, having embraced that ailing Rama in his arms, spoke the following meaningful words, endowed with reason:

VERSE 14

शुभे वर्त्मनि तिष्ठन्तं त्वामार्यविजितेन्द्रियम्
अनर्थेभ्यो न शक्नोति त्रातुं धर्मो निरर्थकः

śubhe vartmani tiṣṭhantaṃ tvāmāryavijitendriyam
anarthebhyo na śaknoti trātuṃ dharmo nirarthakaḥ

SYNONYMS

ārya: O venerable brother! | dharmaḥ: virtue | na śaknoti: cannot | trātum: save | tvām: you | tiṣthantam: who are sticking | śubhe vartmani: to the noble path | vijitendraiyam: and who have subdued the senses | anarthebhyaḥ: from adversities | nirarthakaḥ: is useless. |

TRANSLATION

"O venerable brother! Virtue cannot save you, who are sticking to the noble path and who have subdued the senses, from adversities and is (hence) useless."

VERSE 15

भूतानां स्थावराणां च जङ्गमानां च दर्शनम्
यथास्ति न तथा धर्मस्तेन नास्तीति मे मतिः

bhūtānāṃ sthāvarāṇāṃ ca jaṅgamānāṃ ca darśanam
yathāsti na tathā dharmastena nāstīti me matiḥ

SYNONYMS

yathā: just as | sthāvarāṇām: inanimate beings | jaṅgamānāmca: and animate beings | asti darśanam: are visible | tathā: likewise | na: (virtue and vice) are not visible | tena: therefore | me matiḥ: my opinion | dharmaḥ nāstīti: is that virtue is non-existent. |

TRANSLATION

"Just as inanimate and animate beings are visible, likewise virtue and vice are not visible. Therefore, my opinion is that virtue is non-existent."

VERSE 16

यथैव स्थावरं व्यक्तं जङ्गमं च तथाविधम्
नायमर्थस्तथा युक्तस्त्वद्विधो न विपद्यते

yathaiva sthāvaraṃ vyaktaṃ jaṅgamaṃ ca tathāvidham
nāyamarthastathā yuktastvadvidho na vipadyate

SYNONYMS

yathaiva: even as | sthāvanam: inanimate beings | jaṅgamma ca: animate beings | vyaktam: are expressly visible | tathāvidham tathā: likewise | ayam: this | arthaḥ: form of virtue or vice | nayuktaḥ: is not established | tvadvidhaḥ: a virtuous man like you | na vipadyate: would not fail. |

TRANSLATION

"Even as inanimate beings and animate beings are expressly visible, likewise this form of virtue of vice is not established. For, in that case, a virtuous man like you would not have this misfortune."

VERSE 17

यद्यधर्मो भवेद्भूतो रावणो नरकं व्रजेत्
भवांश्च धर्मसंयुक्तो नैवं व्यसनमाप्नुयात्

yadyadharmo bhavedbhūto rāvaṇo narakaṃ vrajet
bhavāṃśca dharmasaṃyukto naivaṃ vyasanamāpnuyāt

SYNONYMS

yadi adharmaḥ: if unrighteousness | bhūtaḥ bhaved: had been effective | rāvaṇaḥ: Ravana | vrajet: should have obtained | narakam: the hell | bhavān ca: you | dharma samyuktaḥ: endowed with righteousness | nāpnuyāt: would never obtain | vyasanam: adversity | evam: in this way. |

TRANSLATION

"If unrighteousness had been effective, Ravana should have obtained the hell. You, endowed with virtue, would never obtain such troubles."

VERSE 18

तस्य च व्यसनाभावाद्व्यसनं च गते त्वयि
धर्मेणोपलभेद्धर्ममधर्मं चाप्यधर्मतः

tasya ca vyasanābhāvādvyasanaṃ ca gate tvayi
dharmeṇopalabheddharmamadharmaṃ cāpyadharmataḥ

SYNONYMS

tasya vyasanābhāvāt: since there is absence of calamity for Ravana | tvayi vyasanam āgate: and misfortune occurred to you | bhavati adharmam: the result of vice is obtained | dharmaḥ: by virtue | paraspara virodhinau: the contraries of each other (have changed the roles with each other). |

TRANSLATION

"Since there is absence of calamity for Ravana and misfortune occurred to you, the result of vice is obtained through virtue and the result of virtue is obtained through vice. The contraries of each other have changed the roles with each other."

VERSE 19

धर्मेणोपलभेद्धर्ममधर्मं चाप्यधर्मतः
यदि धर्मेण युज्येरन्नाधर्मः प्रतिष्ठतः

dharmeṇopalabheddharmamadharmaṃ cāpyadharmataḥ
yadi dharmeṇa yujyerannādharmaḥ pratiṣṭhataḥ

SYNONYMS

20| dharmam: will the fruit of virtue | upalabhet: be obtained | dharmaṇa: through virtue? | adharmam ca: will the fruit of vice | adharmataḥ: through vice? | yadi yeṣu: if those in whom | adharmaḥ: the unrighteousness | pratiṣṭhetaḥ: is rooted | yujyeran: are enjoined with | adharmeṇa: the fruit of unrighteousness alone | janāḥ: people | adharma rucayaḥ: showing interest in unrighteousness | na viyujyeran: would be deprived | dhameṇa: of the fruit of virtue | bhavet: would accrue | eṣām: to those | caratām: who administer | dharmam: righteousness | dharmeṇa: through that virtue. |

TRANSLATION

Will the fruit of virtue be obtained through virtue and fruit of vice through vice? If that in whom unrighteousness is rooted are enjoined with the fruit of unrighteousness alone, people showing interest in unrighteousness would be deprived of the fruit of virtue. The fruit of virtue alone would have accrued to those who administer righteousness through that virtue?

VERSE 21

यस्मादर्था विवर्धन्ते येष्वधर्मः प्रतिष्ठितः
क्लिश्यन्ते धर्मशीलाश्च तस्मादेतौ निरर्थकौ

yasmādarthā vivardhante yeṣvadharmaḥ pratiṣṭhitaḥ
kliśyante dharmaśīlāśca tasmādetau nirarthakau

SYNONYMS

yasmāt: since | arthāḥ: prosperities | yeṣu: of those in whom | adharmaḥ: unrighteousness | pratiṣṭhitaḥ: is rooted | vivardhante: develop | dharmaśīlāḥ ca: (while) those who are having conduct of virtue | kliśyante ca: suffer | tasmāt: hence | etau: these two (viz. virtue and vice) | nirarthakau: are useless. |

TRANSLATION

Since prosperities of those, in whom unrighteousness is rooted, develop; while those who have a conduct of virtue suffer, hence these two (virtue and vice) are useless.

VERSE 22

वध्यन्ते पापकर्माणो यद्यधर्मेण राघव
वधकर्महतो धर्मः स हतः कं वधिष्यति

vadhyante pāpakarmāṇo yadyadharmeṇa rāghava
vadhakarmahato dharmaḥ sa hataḥ kaṃ vadhiṣyati

SYNONYMS

rāghava: O Rama | yadi pāpakarmeṇa: if sinful doers | vadhyante: are killed | adharmeṇa: by (their own) | saḥ adharmaḥ: that unrighteousness | vadhakarma hataḥ: as it does in the act of killing | hataḥ: will be forthwith destroyed | kam: whom | vadhiṣyati: destroy? (Which is destroyed in the course of three seconds)? |

TRANSLATION

"O Rama! If sinful doers are killed by their own vice, that unrighteousness, as it does, in the act of killing, will be forthwith destroyed. Whom will that unrighteousness destroy (which is destroyed in the course of three seconds)?"

VERSE 23

अथ वा विहितेनायं हन्यते हन्ति वा परम्
विधिरालिप्यते तेन न स पापेन कर्मणा

atha vā vihitenāyaṃ hanyate hanti vā param
vidhirālipyate tena na sa pāpena karmaṇā

SYNONYMS

athavā: Or | ayam: if a man | hanyate: is killed | vihitena: by a recourse to a ritual prescribed in the scriptures | hantivā: or kills | aparam: another (by recourse to such a ritual) | saḥ vidhiḥ: that destiny (alone) | karmaṇā: which is engendered by the aforesaid ritual | lipyate: is tainted | pāpena karmaṇā: by that sinful act | na kartaḥ: and not the agent. |

TRANSLATION

"Or if a man is killed by a recourse to a ritual prescribed in the scriptures or kills another (by recourse to such a ritual), that destiny alone, which is engendered by that ritual, is tainted by that sinful act and not the agent."

VERSE 24

अदृष्टप्रतिकारेण अव्यक्तेनासता सता
कथं शक्यं परं प्राप्तुं धर्मेणारिविकर्शन

adṛṣṭapratikāreṇa avyaktenāsatā satā
kathaṃ śakyaṃ paraṃ prāptuṃ dharmeṇārivikarśana

SYNONYMS

arivikarṣaṇa: O Rama | svavyaktena: It is not clear | katham: how | param prāptum śakyam: can prosperity be reached | dharmeṇa: by righteousness | adṛṣṭa pratikāreṇa: which has never known how to retaliate | asatā satā: and hence is non-existent. |

TRANSLATION

"O Rama, the destroyer of adversaries! It is not clear how prosperity can be reached by righteousness, which has never known how to retaliate. Hence, righteousness seems to be non-existent."

VERSE 25

यदि सत्स्यात्सतां मुख्य नासत्स्यात्तव किं चन
त्वया यदीदृशं प्राप्तं तस्मात्सन्नोपपद्यते

yadi satsyātsatāṃ mukhya nāsatsyāttava kiṃ cana
tvayā yadīdṛśaṃ prāptaṃ tasmātsannopapadyate

SYNONYMS

satām mukhya: O chief among the virtuous! | sat syāt yadi: If righteousness is really there | asat na kimcana: no bad event whatever | syāt: would have occurred | tava: to you | yat: for which reason | īdṛśam: such a calamity | prāptam: is obtained | tvayā: by you | tasmāt: for that reason | sat: virtue | na upapadyate: does not exist. |

TRANSLATION

"O chief among the virtuous! If righteousness were really there, no evil whatever would have accrued to you. As you reaped such a calamity, the hypotheses that the destiny engendered by virtuous acts is real is not proved."*

PURPORT

*The utterance of such apparently incoherent words on the part of Lakshmana in a fit of agony on seeing Rama agonized shows his agitation caused by love. Later on, as his grief subsides, Lakshmana himself says in verse 44 below that he had given expression only to assuage the grief of Rama and spur him on to action.
VERSE 26

अथ वा दुर्बलः क्लीबो बलं धर्मो।अनुवर्तते
दुर्बलो हृतमर्यादो न सेव्य इति मे मतिः

atha vā durbalaḥ klībo balaṃ dharmo|anuvartate
durbalo hṛtamaryādo na sevya iti me matiḥ

SYNONYMS

athavā: or else | dharmaḥ: (if) righteousness | durbalaḥ: which lacks strength | klībah: and cowardly | anuvartate: as it surrender | balam: to the might | me matiḥ: it is my opinion | hṛta maryādaḥ: and has been deprived of its capacity | na sevyaḥ iti: should no longer be pursued. |

TRANSLATION

"Or else, if righteousness becomes weak and cowardly, as it surrenders to the might, it is my opinion that the righteousness, which lacks strength and has been deprived of its capacity, should no longer be pursued."

VERSE 27

बलस्य यदि चेद्धर्मो गुणभूतः पराक्रमे
धर्ममुत्सृज्य वर्तस्व यथा धर्मे तथा बले

balasya yadi ceddharmo guṇabhūtaḥ parākrame
dharmamutsṛjya vartasva yathā dharme tathā bale

SYNONYMS

vartasva: depend on | bale: might | yathā tathā: as you do (now) | dharma: on virtue | dharmam yadi: if the virtue | guṇabhūtaḥ cet: is subordinate | balasya: to might | utsṛjya: giving up | dharmam parākrame: predominance of virtue. |

TRANSLATION

"Depend on might, as you do now on virtue, if the virtue is subordinate to might, thus giving up predominance of virtue."

VERSE 28

अथ चेत्सत्यवचनं धर्मः किल परन्तप
अनृतस्त्वय्यकरुणः किं न बद्धस्त्वया पिता

atha cetsatyavacanaṃ dharmaḥ kila parantapa
anṛtastvayyakaruṇaḥ kiṃ na baddhastvayā pitā

SYNONYMS

paramtapa: O tormentator of enemies! | atha: and | satyavacanam: if speaking truth | dharmaḥ kilacct: is indeed a virtue | pitā: your father | anṛtaḥ: who was not true to his promise | akuruṇaḥ: and who was merciless | tvayi: to you | na kim tvayā: were you not | baddhaḥ: bound (by that announcement)? |

TRANSLATION

"O tormentator of enemies! Or else, if speaking truth were indeed a virtue, our lying father, who was merciless to you, was disunited from you. Were you not bound by that announcement made by our father regarding your installation as the Prince Regent?"

VERSE 29

यदि धर्मो भवेद्भूत अधर्मो वा परन्तप
न स्म हत्वा मुनिं वज्री कुर्यादिज्यां शतक्रतुः

yadi dharmo bhavedbhūta adharmo vā parantapa
na sma hatvā muniṃ vajrī kuryādijyāṃ śatakratuḥ

SYNONYMS

paramtapa: O tormentator of your enemies! | dharmovā: had either righteousness | adharmovā: or unrighteousness | bhūtaḥ bhavedyadi: worth pursuing | śatakratuḥ: Indra | vajrī: the wielder of the thunderbolt | na smakuryāt: would not have performed | ijyām: a sacrifice | hatvā: on killing | munim: a sage (viz. Viswarupa son of Twasta*) |

TRANSLATION

"O tormentator of your enemies! Had either righteousness or unrighteousness worth pursuing, Indra the wielder of thunderbolt would not have performed a sacrifice on killing a sage (viz. Viswarupa, son of Twasta*)

PURPORT

*The story was narrated at length in Book VI, DiscourseIX of Srimad Bhagavata.
VERSE 30

अधर्मसंश्रितो धर्मो विनाशयति राघव
सर्वमेतद्यथाकामं काकुत्स्थ कुरुते नरः

adharmasaṃśrito dharmo vināśayati rāghava
sarvametadyathākāmaṃ kākutstha kurute naraḥ

SYNONYMS

rāghava: O Rama! | dharmaḥ: virtue | vināśayati: destroys | adharmasamśritaḥ: when united with might (something other than virtue) | kākutthasa: O Rama | naraḥ: a man | kurute: does | sarvam etat: all this | yathākāmam: according to his will. |

TRANSLATION

"O Rama! Virtue destroys enemies, when united with might (something other than virtue). O Rama! A man does all this, according to his will."

VERSE 31

मम चेदं मतं तात धर्मो।अयमिति राघव
धर्ममूलं त्वया छिन्नं राज्यमुत्सृजता तदा

mama cedaṃ mataṃ tāta dharmo|ayamiti rāghava
dharmamūlaṃ tvayā chinnaṃ rājyamutsṛjatā tadā

SYNONYMS

tāta rāghava: O Rama | mamaca idam matam: my opinion is that | dharmaḥ iti: righteousness consists in such recourse to both virtue and strength | dharma mūlam: the very roots of righteousness (in the form of earthly gain) | chinnam: have been chopped off | tvayā: by you | utsṛjatā: in that you spurned | rājyam: the sovereignty | tadā: the other day. |

TRANSLATION

"O Rama in a pitiable condition. My opinion is that righteousness consists in such recourse to both virtue and strength. The very roots of virtue (in the form of earthly gain) have been chopped off by you in that you spurned the sovereignty the other day."

VERSE 32

अर्थेभ्यो हि विवृद्धेभ्यः संवृद्धेभ्यस्ततस्ततः
क्रियाः सर्वाः प्रवर्तन्ते पर्वतेभ्य इवापगाः

arthebhyo hi vivṛddhebhyaḥ saṃvṛddhebhyastatastataḥ
kriyāḥ sarvāḥ pravartante parvatebhya ivāpagāḥ

SYNONYMS

arthebhyaḥ: by the treasures | samvṛttebhyaḥ: brought from place to place | pravṛddhebhyaḥ: and augmented | tatastataḥ: by way of different strategies | sarvāḥ kriyāḥ: all the tasks | pravartante hi: are indeed fulfilled | āpagāḥ iva: as the rivers | parvatebhyaḥ: from the mountains. |

TRANSLATION

"By the treasures brought from place to place and augmented by means of various strategies, all the tasks are indeed fulfilled, as the rivers flow from the mountains."

VERSE 33

अर्थेन हि वियुक्तस्य पुरुषस्याल्पतेजसः
व्युच्छिद्यन्ते क्रियाः सर्वा ग्रीष्मे कुसरितो यथा

arthena hi viyuktasya puruṣasyālpatejasaḥ
vyucchidyante kriyāḥ sarvā grīṣme kusarito yathā

SYNONYMS

sarvāḥ kriyāḥ: all the tasks | puruṣasya: of a man | alpacetasaḥ: of small intellect | arthena vimuktasya: bereft of his wealth | vicchidyante: get a cessation | kusarito yathā: as small rivers | grīṣme: (dry up) in summer-season. |

TRANSLATION

"All the tasks of a man of small intellect, bereft of his wealth, get a cessation as small rivers dry up in summer-season."

VERSE 34

सो।अयमर्थं परित्यज्य सुखकामः सुखैधितः
पापमारभते कर्तुं तथा दोषः प्रवर्तते

so|ayamarthaṃ parityajya sukhakāmaḥ sukhaidhitaḥ
pāpamārabhate kartuṃ tathā doṣaḥ pravartate

SYNONYMS

ayam saḥ: such a man | sukhaidhitaḥ: brought up by comforts | parityajya: renouncing | artham: wealth (within easy reach) | sukhakāmaḥ: and seeking comfort | ārabhate: begins | kartum: to do | pāpakṛtyam: sinful act | tadā: and then | doṣaḥ: evil (in the form of punishment) | pravartate: follows from it. |

TRANSLATION

"Such a man, brought up by comforts, renouncing wealth (within easy reach) and seeking comfort, proceeds to commit sinful act and then evil (in the form of punishment) follows from it."

VERSE 35

यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि यस्यार्थास्तस्य बान्धवः
यस्यार्थाः स पुमांल्लोके यस्यार्थाः स च पण्डितः

yasyārthāstasya mitrāṇi yasyārthāstasya bāndhavaḥ
yasyārthāḥ sa pumāṃlloke yasyārthāḥ sa ca paṇḍitaḥ

SYNONYMS

mitrāṇi: friends | tasya: are to him | yasya: who has | arthāḥ: riches. | bāndhavāḥ: relatives | saḥ: he alone | pumān: is virile | loke: in the world | paṅḍitaḥ ca: is a learned man |

TRANSLATION

"Friends gather round him, who has riches. Relatives stand by him, who has riches. He alone is virile in the world, who has riches. He alone is a learned man, who has riches."

VERSE 36

यस्यार्थाः स च विक्रान्तो यस्यार्थाः स च बुद्धिमान्
यस्यार्थाः स महाभागो यस्यार्थाः स महागुणः

yasyārthāḥ sa ca vikrānto yasyārthāḥ sa ca buddhimān
yasyārthāḥ sa mahābhāgo yasyārthāḥ sa mahāguṇaḥ

SYNONYMS

saḥ ca: he alone | vikrāntaḥ: is mighty | yasya: who has | arthāḥ: riches. | buddhimān: is a prudent man | saḥ: he alone | mahābhāgaḥ: is highly fortunate | mahāguṇaḥ: is distinguished |

TRANSLATION

"He alone is a mighty man, who has riches. He alone is a prudent man, who has riches. He alone is highly fortunate. He alone is distinguished, who has riches."

VERSE 37

अर्थस्यैते परित्यागे दोषाः प्रव्याहृता मया
राज्यमुत्सृजता वीर येन बुद्धिस्त्वया कृता

arthasyaite parityāge doṣāḥ pravyāhṛtā mayā
rājyamutsṛjatā vīra yena buddhistvayā kṛtā

SYNONYMS

dhīra: O resolute one! | ete: these | doṣāḥ: evils | parityāga: attendant on the abjuration | arthasya: of wealth | pravyāhṛtāḥ: have been told to you | mayā: by me | yena: on which reason | buddhiḥ: the resolve | kṛtā: was made | tvayā: by you | utsṛjatā: who were sacrificing | rājyam: the kingdom (was not known to me). |

TRANSLATION

"O resolute one! I told you about these evils attendant on the abjuration of wealth. The ground on which you made the resolve to sacrifice the kingdom was not known to me."

VERSE 38

यस्यार्था धर्मकामार्थास्तस्य सर्वं प्रदक्षिणम्
अधनेनार्थकामेन नार्थः शक्यो विचिन्वता

yasyārthā dharmakāmārthāstasya sarvaṃ pradakṣiṇam
adhanenārthakāmena nārthaḥ śakyo vicinvatā

SYNONYMS

yasya: to whom | arthāḥ: treasures are there | tasya: to him | dharmakāmārthāḥ: are obtained religious merit | sarvam: all | pradakṣiṇam: would be favourable | adhanena: to the penniless man | arthakāmena: who has a desire for wealth | viccinvatā: and hunting for wealth | na śakyaḥ: it is not possible | arthaḥ: to get wealth. |

TRANSLATION

"A man in whom the treasures abide, religious merit and wealth are obtained. All would be favourable to him. To the penniless man, who has a desire for wealth and even hunting for wealth, it is not possible to attain wealth."

VERSE 39

हर्षः कामश्च दर्पश्च धर्मः क्रोधः शमो दमः
अर्थादेतानि सर्वाणि प्रवर्तन्ते नराधिप

harṣaḥ kāmaśca darpaśca dharmaḥ krodhaḥ śamo damaḥ
arthādetāni sarvāṇi pravartante narādhipa

SYNONYMS

narādhipa: O king! | harṣaḥ: delight | kāmāśca: sensuous pleasure | darpaśca: pride | dharmaḥ: virtue | krodhaḥ: anger | śamaḥ: peace | damaḥ: control of the senses | etāni sarvāṇi: all these | pravartante: are attained | arthāt: from wealth. |

TRANSLATION

"O king! Delight, sensuous pleasure, pride, virtue, anger, peace, control of the senses all these are attained from wealth."

VERSE 40

येषां नश्यत्ययं लोकश्चरतां धर्मचारिणाम्
ते।अर्थास्त्वयि न दृश्यन्ते दुर्दिनेषु यथा ग्रहाः

yeṣāṃ naśyatyayaṃ lokaścaratāṃ dharmacāriṇām
te|arthāstvayi na dṛśyante durdineṣu yathā grahāḥ

SYNONYMS

caratām: while living | yeṣām: in which riches | dharma caritām: for nashyati = gets lost | te arthāḥ: those riches | na dṛśyante: are not seen | tvayi: in you | grahāḥ yathā: anymore than the planets | durdineṣu: on cloudy days. |

TRANSLATION

"Those riches, due to renunciation of which, worldly happiness of those practicing the path of virtue gets lost, are not seen in you, any more than the planets are seen in cloudy days."

VERSE 41

त्वयि प्रव्रजिते वीर गुरोश् च वचने स्थिते
रक्षसापहृता भार्या प्राणैः प्रियतरा तव

tvayi pravrajite vīra guroś ca vacane sthite
rakṣasāpahṛtā bhāryā prāṇaiḥ priyatarā tava

SYNONYMS

vīra: O valiant one! | sthite: abiding | guroḥ vacane: in the words of your father | tvayi: you | pravrajite: have gone to exile | tava bhāryā: and your wife | priyatarā: more beloved | prāṇaiḥ: than your lives | apahṛtā: was stolen | rakṣasā: by a demon. |

TRANSLATION

"O valiant one! While you were in exile, faithful to the command of your father, your wife who was more beloved than life itself, was stolen away by a demon."

VERSE 42

तदद्य विपुलं वीर दुःखमिन्द्रजिता कृतम्
कर्मणा व्यपनेष्यामि तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ राघव

tadadya vipulaṃ vīra duḥkhamindrajitā kṛtam
karmaṇā vyapaneṣyāmi tasmāduttiṣṭha rāghava

SYNONYMS

vīra: O valiant prince! | vyapaneṣyāmi: I shall dispel | karmaṇā: with my exploits | adya: today | tat: that | vipulam: great | duḥkham: agony | kṛtam: caused | indrajitā: by Inrajit | tasmāt: therefore | uttiṣṭha: rise | rāghava: O Rama! |

TRANSLATION

"O valiant prince! I shall dispel with my exploits today, that great agony caused by Indrajit. Therefore, rise O Rama!"

VERSE 43

उत्तिष्ठ नरशार्दूल दीर्घबाहो धृतव्रत
किमात्मानं महात्मानं कृतात्मानं न बुध्यसे

uttiṣṭha naraśārdūla dīrghabāho dhṛtavrata
kimātmānaṃ mahātmānaṃ kṛtātmānaṃ na budhyase

SYNONYMS

nara śārdūla: O the foremost among men! | dīrgha bāho: O the long armed one! | dhṛta vrata: O the firmly resolute one! Arise! Why are you not knowing about yourself |

TRANSLATION

"O the foremost among men! O the long-armed one! O the firmly resolute one! Arise! Why are you not knowing about yourself, who is the great-souled and whose spirit is disciplined?"

VERSE 44

इत्यार्षे श्रीमद्रामायणे आदिकाव्ये युद्धकाण्डे त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः

ityārṣe śrīmadrāmāyaṇe ādikāvye yuddhakāṇḍe tryaśītitamaḥ sargaḥ

SYNONYMS

anagha: O faultless one! nirrikShya = on seeing | janakāsutānidhanam: the death of Seetha | ruṣṭaḥ: and enraged | ayam: I | tava priyārtham: as a favour for you | uditaḥ: have risen | bhṛśam vinipātayāmi: I shall completely destroy | iṣubhiḥ: with my arrows | laṅkām: Lanka | sarathagajahayām: with its chariots | sarākṣasendrām: along with Ravana. |

TRANSLATION

"O faultless one! On seeing the death of Seetha and enraged, rising to do favour for you, I shall completely destroy with my arrows, Lanka with its chariots, elephants and horses along with Ravana."