Chapter 20

Ayodhya Kanda - Book Of Ayodhya

VERSE 1

तस्मिंस्तु पुरुष्व्याघ्रे निष्क्रामति कृताञ्जलौ
आर्तशच्दो महान् जज्ञे स्त्रीणाम न्तःपुरे तदा

tasmiṃstu puruṣvyāghre niṣkrāmati kṛtāñjalau
ārtaśacdo mahān jajñe strīṇāma ntaḥpure tadā

SYNONYMS

tadā: Then | tasmin: that Rama | puruṣa vyāaghre: the best of men | niṣkrāmati: While leaving | kṛtānjalou: after offering salutation | srīṇām: among women | antaḥpura: in the palace | jajñe: there was | mahān: great aartashsbdaH = cry of pain. |

TRANSLATION

While Rama, the best of men was leaving, after offering salutation to his father, women in the palace were weaping loudly.

VERSE 2

क्र्^त्येष्वचोदितः पित्रा सर्वस्यान्तः पुरस्य च
गतिर्यः शरणम् चासीत् स रोओमो।अद्य प्रवत्स्यति

kr^tyeṣvacoditaḥ pitrā sarvasyāntaḥ purasya ca
gatiryaḥ śaraṇam cāsīt sa roomo|adya pravatsyati

SYNONYMS

yaḥ: which Rama | acoditaḥ: without being prompted | pitrā: by father kR^ityeshhu = in actions | āsīt: became | gatiḥ: the recourse | śaraṇamca: and protector | sarvasya: to entire | anta purasya: palace | saḥ rāmaḥ: such Rama | pravatsyati: is going to exile | adya: now. |

TRANSLATION

Which Rama, without being told by his father, used to do necessary activities and protect the entire palace, is about to go to exile now".

VERSE 3

कौसल्यायाम् यथा युक्तो जनन्याम् वर्तते सदा
तथैव वर्तते।अस्मासु जन्मप्रभृति राघवः

kausalyāyām yathā yukto jananyām vartate sadā
tathaiva vartate|asmāsu janmaprabhṛti rāghavaḥ

SYNONYMS

rāghavaḥ: Rama | janma prabhṛti: since he was born | vartate: was behaving | tathaiva: in the same way | asmāsu: towards us | yathā: as how | yuktaḥ: attentive | sadā: always | kausalyām: towards Kausalya | jananyām: who was the mother. |

TRANSLATION

"Rama, since he was born, was showing the same attention to us, as he was showing to his mother Kausalya."

VERSE 4

न क्रुध्यत्यभिशस्तो।अपि क्रोधनीयानि वर्जयन्
कृद्धान् प्रसादयन् सर्वान् स इतो।अद्य प्रवत्स्यति

na krudhyatyabhiśasto|api krodhanīyāni varjayan
kṛddhān prasādayan sarvān sa ito|adya pravatsyati

SYNONYMS

varjayan: used to avoid | krodhayāni: actions which created anger | prasādayani: soothed | sarvān: all | kruddhān: who were angry | na kruddhyati: was not furious | abhiśasto api: even if abused | saḥ: Such Rama Pravatsyati = is going to exile | adya: to day | itaḥ: from here. |

TRANSLATION

"He used to avoid actions which created anger and soothed all those who were angry. Rama was not furious with those who abused him. Such Rama is going today to exile."

VERSE 5

अभुद्धिर्बत नो राजा जीवलोकम् चरत्ययम्
यो गतिम् सर्वभूतानाम् परित्यजति राघवम्

abhuddhirbata no rājā jīvalokam caratyayam
yo gatim sarvabhūtānām parityajati rāghavam

SYNONYMS

yaḥ: Which Dasaratha parityajati = by abonding raaghavam = Rama gatim = who was helpful sarvabhuutaanaam = to all beings ayam = this naH rajahaa = our king abuddhiH = who is stupid | carati: is offending jiivalokam = all beings." |

TRANSLATION

"Our stupid king by abandoning Rama who was helpful to all beings , is offending all the beings."

VERSE 6

इति सर्वा महिष्यस्ता विवत्सा इव धेनवः
पतिमाचुक्रुशुश्चैव सस्वरम् चापि चुक्रुशुः

iti sarvā mahiṣyastā vivatsā iva dhenavaḥ
patimācukruśuścaiva sasvaram cāpi cukruśuḥ

SYNONYMS

iti: Thus sarvaaH = all taaH = those mahishhaH = king's consorts chukrushuHcha api = were weaping sasvaram = with sound | dhenavaḥ: who lost their calves aachukrushushcha eva = also abused patim = husband. |

TRANSLATION

Thus, all the king consorts while weaping loudly, as cows which lost their Calves, abused their husband .

VERSE 7

स हि चान्तः पुरे घोरमार्तशब्धम् महीपतिः
पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तः श्रुत्वा व्यालीयतासने

sa hi cāntaḥ pure ghoramārtaśabdham mahīpatiḥ
putraśokābhisantaptaḥ śrutvā vyālīyatāsane

SYNONYMS

śrutva: After hearing aarta shabdam = the distressful sounds yhoram = which was horrible | antaḥpura: in the palace mahiipatiH = king Dasaratha vyaaliiyata = clung | āsane: to the seat putra shokaabhisantaptaH = with extreme anguish for his son. |

TRANSLATION

After hearing the terrific distressful crying sounds in the palace, Dasaratha clung to the seat, with extreme anguish for his son.

VERSE 8

रामः तु भ्र्शम् आयस्तः निह्श्वसन्न् इव कुन्जरः
जगाम सहितः भ्रात्रा मातुर् अन्तः पुरम् वशी

rāmaḥ tu bhrśam āyastaḥ nihśvasann iva kunjaraḥ
jagāma sahitaḥ bhrātrā mātur antaḥ puram vaśī

SYNONYMS

rāmastu: Rama | bhṟiśam: greatly aayastaH = hurt | niḥśvasan: sighed kuN^jaraHiva = like elephant | vaśī: subdued the senses jagaama = went antaHpuram = to the palace maatuH = of mother bhraatraa sahitaH = along with brother. |

TRANSLATION

Rama, who was greatly hurt, sighed like an elephant, subdued his senses and went to his mother's palace along with Lakshmana

VERSE 9

सो अपश्यत् पुरुषम् तत्र व्र्द्धम् परम पूजितम्
उपविष्टम् ग्र्ह द्वारि तिष्ठतः च अपरान् बहून्

so apaśyat puruṣam tatra vrddham parama pūjitam
upaviṣṭam grha dvāri tiṣṭhataḥ ca aparān bahūn

SYNONYMS

saḥ: Rama apashyat = saw parama puujitam = much-worshipped vriddham purusham = old man upavishTam = sitting gR^ihadvaari = at the gateway | bahūm: many aparaamshcha = others tishTataH = standing tatra = there. |

TRANSLATION

Rama saw a much worshipped old man sitting at the gateway of the house and many other standing there.

VERSE 10

द्र्^ष्ट्वै तु तदा रामं ते सर्वे सहसोत्थिताः
जयेन जयताम् श्रेष्ठम् वर्धयन्ति स्म राघवम्

dr^ṣṭvai tu tadā rāmaṃ te sarve sahasotthitāḥ
jayena jayatām śreṣṭham vardhayanti sma rāghavam

SYNONYMS

tadā: Then | dṛṭvaiva: after seeing raamam = Rama te sarve = all of them utthitaaH = rose up sahasaa = quickly vardhayantisma = exhilarating their spirits jayena = by uttering "Hail! Glory!" raaghavam = to Rama jayatam shreshTam = the most triumphant man. |

TRANSLATION

After seeing Rama, all of them rose quickly and greeted Rama the most triumphant man, by uttering the words "May you have increased success!"

VERSE 11

प्रविश्य प्रथमाम् कक्ष्याम् द्वितीयायाम् ददर्श सः
ब्राह्मणान् वेद सम्पन्नान् व्र्द्धान् राज्ञा अभिसत्क्र्तान्

praviśya prathamām kakṣyām dvitīyāyām dadarśa saḥ
brāhmaṇān veda sampannān vrddhān rājñā abhisatkrtān

SYNONYMS

saḥ: That Rama pravishya = entered prathamaam kakshyaam = the first enclosure | dadarśa: saw dvitiiyaam = at the second gate vriddhaaan = old braahmaNaan = brahmanas | veda sampannān: perfect in Vedas abhisatkRitaan = honoured raaGyaa = by king. |

TRANSLATION

Rama crossed the first gate and saw old Brahmanas who were perfect in Vedas and duly honoured by the king.

VERSE 12

प्रणम्य रामः तान् व्र्द्धांस् त्र्तीयायाम् ददर्श सः
स्त्रियो व्र्द्धाः च बालाः च द्वार रक्षण तत्पराः

praṇamya rāmaḥ tān vrddhāṃs trtīyāyām dadarśa saḥ
striyo vrddhāḥ ca bālāḥ ca dvāra rakṣaṇa tatparāḥ

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: Rama pranamya = saluted taan = those vipraan = brahmanas | dadarśa: saw vR^iddhaaH = old striyaH = women tathaa = and balaaH = girls dvaara rakshaNa tatparaaH = who were interested in guarding the gate tR^itiiyaayaam = the third enclosure. |

TRANSLATION

Rama offered salutation to those brahmanas and saw old women and girls, guarding the gate in the third enclosure.

VERSE 13

वर्धयित्वा प्रह्र्ष्टाः ताः प्रविश्य च ग्र्हम् स्त्रियः
न्यवेदयन्त त्वरिता राम मातुः प्रियम् तदा

vardhayitvā prahrṣṭāḥ tāḥ praviśya ca grham striyaḥ
nyavedayanta tvaritā rāma mātuḥ priyam tadā

SYNONYMS

tadā: Then taaH = those striyaH = women | prahṛśṭāḥ: having been glad | vardhayatvā: greeted Rama with word of success | tvaritāḥ: quickly pravishya = entered gR^iham = house | nyavedayasta: informed raamamaatuH = Kausalya | the mother of ṟama priyam: the pleasing news. |

TRANSLATION

Then those women, having been delighted, greeted Rama with good word of success, quickly entered the house and informed Kausalya about the lovely arrival of Rama .

VERSE 14

कौसल्या अपि तदा देवी रात्रिम् स्थित्वा समाहिता
प्रभाते तु अकरोत् पूजाम् विष्णोह् पुत्र हित एषिणी

kausalyā api tadā devī rātrim sthitvā samāhitā
prabhāte tu akarot pūjām viṣṇoh putra hita eṣiṇī

SYNONYMS

tadā: at that time | kausalyā: Kausalya sthitvaa = having stayed samaahitaa = steadfast raatrim = all the night | akarot: performed pujaam = worship vishhnoH = to Vishnu prabhaate = at dawn putrahi taishhiNii = for the welfare of the son. |

TRANSLATION

At that time, Kausalya having spent the whole night with steadfastness, who performing worship to Vishnu,at dawn, for the welfare of her son.

VERSE 15

सा क्षौम वसना ह्र्ष्टा नित्यम् व्रत परायणा
अग्निम् जुहोति स्म तदा मन्त्रवत् क्र्त मन्गला

sā kṣauma vasanā hrṣṭā nityam vrata parāyaṇā
agnim juhoti sma tadā mantravat krta mangalā

SYNONYMS

: Kausalya vrata paraayaNaa = who was interested to pracise religious vows nityam = regularly | kṣouma vesanā: was wearing white silk sari kR^ita maN^galaa = made up of auspiciousness | hṛṣṭā: thrilling with rapture | juhotisma: was doing sacrificial ceremony agnim = in fire mantravat = reciting vedic hymns. |

TRANSLATION

Kausalya, who was interested to practise religious vows regularly was appearing auspiciously by wearing a white silk sari and gladly performing sacrificial ceremony in a sacred fire, by reciting vedic hymns.

VERSE 16

प्रविश्य च तदा रामः मातुर् अन्तः पुरम् शुभम्
ददर्श मातरम् तत्र हावयन्तीम् हुत अशनम्

praviśya ca tadā rāmaḥ mātur antaḥ puram śubham
dadarśa mātaram tatra hāvayantīm huta aśanam

SYNONYMS

tadā: Then raAmaH = Rama provishya = entered shubham = auspicious maatuH antaHpuram = mother's apartment | dadarśa: saw maataram = mother haavayantiim = performing sacrificial ceremony hutaashanam = in sacred fire tatra = there. |

TRANSLATION

Then Rama entered the auspicious mother's apartment and saw his mother performing sacrificial ceremony in sacred fire there.

VERSE 17

देवकार्यनिमित्तम् च तत्रापश्यत् समुद्यतम्
दध्यक्षतम् घृतम् चैव मोदकान् हविषस्तदा

devakāryanimittam ca tatrāpaśyat samudyatam
dadhyakṣatam ghṛtam caiva modakān haviṣastadā

SYNONYMS

18| tatra: There | raghunandanaḥ: Rama apashyat = saw samudyatam = articles of worship kept ready devakaaryanimiHam = for the purpose of sacred ceremony | dadhyakṣatam: curd | gṛtam caiva: clarified butter modakaan = sweet meats | tathā: and havishhaH = things fit for oblation laajaan = fried grain | śuklāni: white maalyaani = garlands | pāyasam: rice boiled in milk | kṛsaram: mixture of rice and peas with a few spices | samidhaḥ: sacrificial sticks puurNa kumbhaashcha = vessels full of water. |

TRANSLATION

There, Rama saw the articles of worship kept ready for the purpose of the sacred ceremony like curd, unbroken rice, clarified butter, sweet meats, things fit for oblation, fried grain, garlands made of white flowers, rice boiled in milk, mixture of rice and peas with a few spices, sacrificial sticks, vessels full of water etc.

VERSE 19

ताम् शुक्लक्षौमसम्वीताम् व्रतयोगेन कर्शिताम्
तर्पयन्तीम् ददर्शाद्भिः देवताम् देववर्णिनीम्

tām śuklakṣaumasamvītām vratayogena karśitām
tarpayantīm dadarśādbhiḥ devatām devavarṇinīm

SYNONYMS

dadarśa: saw taam = Kausalya shukla kshhouma samviitaam = who was wearing white silk sari | karśitām: became lean vratayogena = because of observance of vow | deva varṇinīm: having appearance of an angel devataam = gods abdhiH = with water. |

TRANSLATION

Kausalya, who became lean because of observance of vows, was shining like an angel with her white silk sari and was satiating gods by presenting to them libations by water.

VERSE 20

सा चिरस्य आत्मजम् द्र्ष्ट्वा मात्र् नन्दनम् आगतम्
अभिचक्राम सम्ह्र्ष्टा किशोरम् वडवा यथा

sā cirasya ātmajam drṣṭvā mātr nandanam āgatam
abhicakrāma samhrṣṭā kiśoram vaḍavā yathā

SYNONYMS

dr^iśṭvā: by seeing aatmajam = her son | āgatam: who came chirasya = after a long time | mātṛ nandanam: who gave delight to his mother | : Kausalya samhRishhTaa = was glad abhichakrama = approached | kiśoram yathā: like a young colt | badabā: by a female horse. |

TRANSLATION

By seeing her son who came after a long time and who gave delight to mother, Kausalya was pleased and approached towards him, like a female horse approaching her young colt.

VERSE 21

स मातरमभिक्रान्तामुपसम्गृह्य राघवः
परिष्वक्तश्च बाहुभ्यामुपाग्रातश्च मूर्धनि

sa mātaramabhikrāntāmupasamgṛhya rāghavaḥ
pariṣvaktaśca bāhubhyāmupāgrātaśca mūrdhani

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: Rama upa samgR^ihya = offered salutation by touching the feet abhikraantam = of approaching maataram = mother | pariṣvaktaḥ: was embraced baahubhyaam = by her arms | upāghrātaśca: was smelt muurdhani = in his head. |

TRANSLATION

Rama offered salutation to the approaching mother by touching her feet. Then, she took him into her arms and smelt his head.

VERSE 22

तम् उवाच दुराधर्षम् राघवम् सुतम् आत्मनः
कौसल्या पुत्र वात्सल्यात् इदम् प्रिय हितम् वचः

tam uvāca durādharṣam rāghavam sutam ātmanaḥ
kausalyā putra vātsalyāt idam priya hitam vacaḥ

SYNONYMS

kausalya: Kausalya vuvaacha = spoke idam = these priyahitham = pleasing and salutary vachaH = words putravaatsalyaat = due to affection on son aatmanaH = her sutam = son tam raaghavam = that Rama duraadharshham = who was unassailable |

TRANSLATION

Kausalya spoke these pleasing words affectionately to her son Rama, who was unassailable by enemies.

VERSE 23

व्र्द्धानाम् धर्म शीलानाम् राजर्षीणाम् महात्मनाम्
प्राप्नुहि आयुः च कीर्तिम् च धर्मम् च उपहितम् कुले

vrddhānām dharma śīlānām rājarṣīṇām mahātmanām
prāpnuhi āyuḥ ca kīrtim ca dharmam ca upahitam kule

SYNONYMS

prāpnuhi: obtain aayushcha = long life | kīrtimeha: glory | dharmamca: and duty upahitam = engrained kule = in your race | vriddhānam: as with the aged | dharmaṣīlānām: the great souled | rājarṣīṇām: the rayol sages. |

TRANSLATION

"Obtain long life and glory, as obtained by the aged , the virtuous, the great souled and the royal sages .Protect the righteousness engrained in your race"

VERSE 24

सत्य प्रतिज्ञम् पितरम् राजानम् पश्य राघव
अद्य एव हि त्वाम् धर्म आत्मा यौवराज्ये अभिषेक्ष्यति

satya pratijñam pitaram rājānam paśya rāghava
adya eva hi tvām dharma ātmā yauvarājye abhiṣekṣyati

SYNONYMS

rāghava: Oh | ṟama! paśya: see raajaanam = the king pitaram = your father | satya pratiġ^yam: who is having true promise adyaiva = Today itself | dharmātmā: that virtuous man abhishhekshhyati = will install tvaam = you youvaraajye = as successor to kingdom. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh,Rama ! King Dasaratha ,your father is a man of true promise. Today itself, you will be installed as successor to the kingdom by your virtuous father."

VERSE 25

दत्तमासनमालभ्य भोजनेन निमन्त्रितः
मातरम् राघवः किंचित् प्रसार्य अन्जलिम् अब्रवीत्

dattamāsanamālabhya bhojanena nimantritaḥ
mātaram rāghavaḥ kiṃcit prasārya anjalim abravīt

SYNONYMS

rāghavaḥ: Rama nimantritaH = was called bhojanena = for food | ālabhya: touched aasanam = the seat dattam = offered | prasārya: raised kinchit = slightly aNjalim = joined palms | abravīt: spoke maataram = to mother. |

TRANSLATION

Kausalya asked Rama to take food , but Rama just touched the seat offered by her and after performing salutation to her, spoke thus to his mother.

VERSE 26

स स्वभाव विनीतः च गौरवाच् च तदा आनतः
प्रस्थितो दण्डकारण्यमाप्रष्टुमुपचक्रमे

sa svabhāva vinītaḥ ca gauravāc ca tadā ānataḥ
prasthito daṇḍakāraṇyamāpraṣṭumupacakrame

SYNONYMS

tadā: Then saH = that Rama | svabhāva vinītaśca: being humble in nature | nataḥca: and modest gouravaat = due to respect for mother | prasthtaḥ: setting fourth journey daNd^akaaraNy^am = to Dandaka forest | upakrame: was set about aaprasTum = to seek permission. |

TRANSLATION

That Rama , being humble in nature , became still modest due to respect for his mother and was set about to ask her permission before setting forth his journey to Dandaka forest.

VERSE 27

देवि नूनम् न जानीषे महद् भयम् उपस्थितम्
इदम् तव च दुह्खाय वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणस्य च

devi nūnam na jānīṣe mahad bhayam upasthitam
idam tava ca duhkhāya vaidehyā lakṣmaṇasya ca

SYNONYMS

devī: oh | mother! na jānīṣe: you do not know mahat = -great bhayam = dismay upasthitam = is approaching nuunam = indeed. idam = This duHkhaaya = brings grief tavaacha = to you | vaidehyā: to Sita lakshhmaN^asyacha = and to Lakshmana. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh,mother! You do not know that a great dismay is approaching now. It brings grief to you, to Sita and to Lakshmana"

VERSE 28

गमिष्ये दण्डकारण्यम् किमनेनासनेन मे
विष्टरासनयोग्यो हि कालो।अयम् मामुपस्थितः

gamiṣye daṇḍakāraṇyam kimanenāsanena me
viṣṭarāsanayogyo hi kālo|ayam māmupasthitaḥ

SYNONYMS

gamiṣye: while going daN^dakaarNy^am = to Dandaka forest | kim: why anena = This seat me = for me? ayam = This kaalaH = time upasthitaH = has appeared | visṭarāsanayogyaḥ: which is fit for a seat made of kusa grass. |

TRANSLATION

"I am going to Dandaka forest. Why this seat for me? Time has come for me to sit on a seat made of Kusha grass."

VERSE 29

चतुर्दश हि वर्षाणि वत्स्यामि विजने वने
मधु मूल फलैः जीवन् हित्वा मुनिवद् आमिषम्

caturdaśa hi varṣāṇi vatsyāmi vijane vane
madhu mūla phalaiḥ jīvan hitvā munivad āmiṣam

SYNONYMS

vatsyāmi: I shall live vane = in forest | vijane: bereft of people munivat = like sage chaturdasha = fourteen varshhaaNi = years hitvaa = leaving off aamishham = meat | jīvan: living madhu muulaphalaiH = with honey |

TRANSLATION

"I shall live in a solitary forest like a sage for fourteen years, leaving off meat and living with roots, fruits and honey".

VERSE 30

भरताय महा राजो यौवराज्यम् प्रयच्चति
माम् पुनर् दण्डक अरण्यम् विवासयति तापसम्

bharatāya mahā rājo yauvarājyam prayaccati
mām punar daṇḍaka araṇyam vivāsayati tāpasam

SYNONYMS

mahārajaḥ: the great king prayachhati = is giving bharataaya = to Bharata youvaraajyam = the succession to kingdom. maam punaH = To me | tāpasam: as a sage nivaasayati = making me stay daN^dakaaraNye = in forest |

TRANSLATION

"The great king is giving to Bharata the succession to kingdom and to me, however, he is making me a sage to stay in the forest of Dandaka."

VERSE 31

स ष्ट्चाअष्टौ च वर्षाणि वत्स्यामि विजने वने
आसेवमानो वन्यानि फलमूलैश्च चर्तयन्

sa ṣṭcāaṣṭau ca varṣāṇi vatsyāmi vijane vane
āsevamāno vanyāni phalamūlaiśca cartayan

SYNONYMS

saḥ: such of myself | āsevamānaḥ: has to satisfy vanyaani = with things existing in the forest | vartayam: live phala nuulai = with roots and fruits vatsyaami = reside in vijane vane = forest | of people śaṭca: ashhToucha = for fourteen varshhaaNi = years. |

TRANSLATION

"I have to satisfy with the things existing in the forest and subsist with roots and fruits in a solitary forest for fourteen years."

VERSE 32

सा निकृत्तैव सालस्य यष्टिः परशुना वने
पपात सहसा देवी देवतेव दिवश्च्युता

sā nikṛttaiva sālasya yaṣṭiḥ paraśunā vane
papāta sahasā devī devateva divaścyutā

SYNONYMS

sā devī: That queen papaata = fell on floor sahasaa = all at once yashTiH iva = like the branch saalasya = of the tree nikRitta = cut down parashunaa = by axe vane = in the forest | devatena: as angel chyutaa = dropping down divaH = from heaven |

TRANSLATION

The queen Kausalya fell on the floor all at once like the branch of a tree, cut down by an axe and as an angel dropping down from heaven.

VERSE 33

ताम् अदुह्ख उचिताम् द्र्ष्ट्वा पतिताम् कदलीम् इव
रामः तु उत्थापयाम् आस मातरम् गत चेतसम्

tām aduhkha ucitām drṣṭvā patitām kadalīm iva
rāmaḥ tu utthāpayām āsa mātaram gata cetasam

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: Rama dR^ishTvaa = saw taam maataram = that mother aduHkhochitaam = who was fit to be from sorrow | utthāpayāmāsa: lifted up her gatachetanam = who lost consciousness | patitām: who fell on the floor kadaLiimiva = like a plantain tree. |

TRANSLATION

Seeing Kausalya who was fit to be free from sorrow, Rama lifted up her, who had fallen unconsciously on the floor like a plantain tree.

VERSE 34

उपाव्र्त्य उत्थिताम् दीनाम् वडवाम् इव वाहिताम्
पांशु गुण्ठित सर्व अग्नीम् विममर्श च पाणिना

upāvrtya utthitām dīnām vaḍavām iva vāhitām
pāṃśu guṇṭhita sarva agnīm vimamarśa ca pāṇinā

SYNONYMS

vi mamarśa: Rama touched paaNinaa = with hand diinaam = miserable Kausalya | pāmsukuṇṭhita sarvāṅgīm: whose limbs were covered with fragrant powder badamaamiva = like a female horse | vāhitām: made to be carried of load | utthitām: rose upaavR^ittya = after rolling from side to side. |

TRANSLATION

Rama touched with his hand that miserable Kausalya,whose limbs were covered with fragrant powder and who rose like a loaded horse from the floor on which it rolled from side to side.

VERSE 35

सा राघवम् उपासीनम् असुख आर्ता सुख उचिता
उवाच पुरुष व्याघ्रम् उपश्र्ण्वति लक्ष्मणे

sā rāghavam upāsīnam asukha ārtā sukha ucitā
uvāca puruṣa vyāghram upaśrṇvati lakṣmaṇe

SYNONYMS

: That kausalya = sukhochita = who was fit for happiness asukhaartaa = but afflicted with sorrow | uvāca: spoke raaghavam = to Rama purushhavyaaghram = the best of men upaasiinam = who was sitting nearby | lakṣmaṅe: while Lakshmana upashR^iNvati = was hearing. |

TRANSLATION

Kausalya, who was fit for happiness but was afflicted with grief, spoke thus to Rama the best of men who was sitting nearby, while Lakshmana was hearing.

VERSE 36

यदि पुत्र न जायेथा मम शोकाय राघव
न स्म दुह्खम् अतः भूयः पश्येयम् अहम् अप्रजा

yadi putra na jāyethā mama śokāya rāghava
na sma duhkham ataḥ bhūyaḥ paśyeyam aham aprajā

SYNONYMS

putra: oh | son! rāghavā: Rama! jayethaaH yadi = If you were not born shokaaya = to cause grief mama = to me aham = I nasma pashyeyam = would not have seen bhuuyaH = greater duHkham = grief ataH = than this aprajaaH = without progeny. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, Rama! I would not have felt this much grief if I were childless .You are born only to produce sorrow to me."

VERSE 37

एकएव हि वन्ध्यायाः शोको भवति मानवः
अप्रजा अस्मि इति सम्तापो न हि अन्यः पुत्र विद्यते

ekaeva hi vandhyāyāḥ śoko bhavati mānavaḥ
aprajā asmi iti samtāpo na hi anyaḥ putra vidyate

SYNONYMS

putra: Oh | son! na vidyate: There is no anyaH = other santaapaH = grief vandhyaayaaH = to a barren women bhavati hi = There is indeed ekaH = one shokaH eva = only grief maanasaH = relating to mind iti = that asmi aprajaaH "I have no children" |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, son! There is no other grief to a barren woman except the only worry that "I have no sons".

VERSE 38

न द्र्ष्ट पूर्वम् कल्याणम् सुखम् वा पति पौरुषे
अपि पुत्रे विपश्येयम् इति राम आस्थितम् मया

na drṣṭa pūrvam kalyāṇam sukham vā pati pauruṣe
api putre vipaśyeyam iti rāma āsthitam mayā

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: oh | ṟama na dṛśṭa pūrvam: earlier was not seen sukham vaa = happiness or kalyaaNam = prospering pate pourushhe = during my husband's manliness. asthitam = It was believed mayaa = by me iti = that api pashyeyam = can I see putre_api = at least in my son |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, Rama! I have not seen any happiness or prosperity earlier, while my husband is in power. I believed that I could see them at last when my son comes to power."

VERSE 39

सा बहूनि अमनोज्ञानि वाक्यानि ह्र्दयच्चिदाम्
अहम् श्रोष्ये सपत्नीनाम् अवराणाम् वरा सती

sā bahūni amanojñāni vākyāni hrdayaccidām
aham śroṣye sapatnīnām avarāṇām varā satī

SYNONYMS

sā aham: such a person as myself | varā satī: who is a better and virtuous wife | bahūni: so many amaroG^Yaani = disagreeable vaakyaani = words sapatniinaam = of fellow wives | avarāṇām: who are inferior to me | hṛdayachidām: who pierce the heart. |

TRANSLATION

"I have to hear so many disagreeable words from my fellow-wives who are inferior to me and who pierce my heart with their words though I am a better and virtuous wife among them."

VERSE 40

अतः दुह्खतरम् किम् नु प्रमदानाम् भविष्यति
त्वयि सम्निहिते अपि एवम् अहम् आसम् निराक्र्ता

ataḥ duhkhataram kim nu pramadānām bhaviṣyati
tvayi samnihite api evam aham āsam nirākrtā

SYNONYMS

kim nu: which one bhavishhyati = will be duHkhataram = more sorrowful pramadaanaam = to women ataH = than yaadR^ishaH = which -anantakaH = unending vilaapashcha = and dissolving shokaH = grief mama = to me |

TRANSLATION

"Which one will be more sorrowful to women than this unending and consuming grief that occurred to me now?"

VERSE 41

त्वयि सन्निहिते।अप्येवमहमासं निराकृता
किम् पुनः प्रोषिते तात ध्रुवम् मरणम् एव मे

tvayi sannihite|apyevamahamāsaṃ nirākṛtā
kim punaḥ proṣite tāta dhruvam maraṇam eva me

SYNONYMS

tāta: Oh | father(a term of affection addressed to a junior) tvayi sannihite api: Even when you are nearby | aham: I niraakR^itaa aasam = was rejected evam = thus kim punaH = what to tell proshhite = when you go to exile. maraNam = death dhR^ivam is certain me = to me |

TRANSLATION

"Even when you are near by, I am being rejected. What to tell after you leave for exile? Death indeed is certain to me."

VERSE 42

अत्यन्तनिगृहीतास्मि भर्तुर्नित्य्मतन्त्रिता
परिवारेण कैकेय्या समा वाप्यथवा।अवरा

atyantanigṛhītāsmi bharturnitymatantritā
parivāreṇa kaikeyyā samā vāpyathavā|avarā

SYNONYMS

asmi: Iam | alvays atyanta nigṛhītā: held down heaving bhartuH = by husband | atantritā: without independence samaava = equal to athavaa = or avaraa = lower than parivaareNa = servants kaikeyyaaH = of Kaikeyi |

TRANSLATION

"My husband always held me down, without giving me any independence and treat me equal to or even lower than the servants of Kaikeyi"

VERSE 43

यो हि माम् सेवते कश्चित् अथ वा अपि अनुवर्तते
कैकेय्याः पुत्रम् अन्वीक्ष्य स जनो न अभिभाषते

yo hi mām sevate kaścit atha vā api anuvartate
kaikeyyāḥ putram anvīkṣya sa jano na abhibhāṣate

SYNONYMS

yaḥ: kashchit = Anyone whatsoever sevate = serves maam = me athava = or anuvartate = follows saHjanaH = that person na abhibhaashhate hi = will not indeed speak anviikshhya = after seeing kaikeyyaaH = Kaikeyi's putram = son |

TRANSLATION

Those who serve me now and those who follow me, will not speak to me, after seeing Bharata".

VERSE 44

नित्यक्रोधतया तस्याः कथं नु खरवादि तत्
कैकेय्या वदनम् द्रष्टुम् पुत्र शक्ष्यामि दुर्गता

nityakrodhatayā tasyāḥ kathaṃ nu kharavādi tat
kaikeyyā vadanam draṣṭum putra śakṣyāmi durgatā

SYNONYMS

putra: oh | son! durgatā: Myself | the miserable one! katham nu: how shakshhyaami = can I be able drashhTum = to see adanam = face tasyaaH kaikeyyaaH = of that Kaikeyi khara vaadi = who talks hurtingly nitya krodhatayaa |

TRANSLATION

Oh, son! How can I, the miserable one, see the face of Kaikeyi who talks hurtingly because of her continuous anger."

VERSE 45

दश सप्त च वर्षाणि तव जातस्य राघव
असितानि प्रकान्क्षन्त्या मया दुह्ख परिक्षयम्

daśa sapta ca varṣāṇi tava jātasya rāghava
asitāni prakānkṣantyā mayā duhkha parikṣayam

SYNONYMS

rāghava: Oh | ṟama! āsitāni: sat down mayaa = by me dasha saptacha = for seventeen varshhaa Ni = years tava jaatasya = after your second birth of your thread ceremony praakaaNkshhantyaa = with hope of duHkha parikshhantyaam = disappearance of troubles |

TRANSLATION

"Oh,Rama! I have been waiting for seventeen years after your second birth of thread ceremony, with the hope that my troubles will disappear at one time or the other."

VERSE 46

तदक्षयम् महाद्दुःखम् नोत्सहे सहितुम् चिरम्
विप्रकारम् सपत्नीनामेवम् जीर्णापि राघव

tadakṣayam mahādduḥkham notsahe sahitum ciram
viprakāram sapatnīnāmevam jīrṇāpi rāghava

SYNONYMS

rāghava: oh | ṟama! tat: for that reason | evam: in the way jiir Naapi = even if old aged | notsahe: I do not wish sahitum = to bear viprakaaram = insult sapatniinaam = of co-wives | akṣayam: un-ending mahat = great du Hkham = sorrow chiram = for long time |

TRANSLATION

Oh, Rama! In this old age, I cannot bear insult from co-wives and this unending sorrow for a long time.

VERSE 47

अपश्यन्ती तव मुखम् परिपूर्णशशिप्रभम्
कृपणा वर्तयिष्यामि कथम् कृपणजीविकाम्

apaśyantī tava mukham paripūrṇaśaśiprabham
kṛpaṇā vartayiṣyāmi katham kṛpaṇajīvikām

SYNONYMS

katham: How kR^ipaNaa = the pitiable me | vartayiṣyāmi: can roll on kR^ipaNa jiivikaam = this miserable life apashhyantii = without seeing tava = your mukham = face | paripūrṇa saśiprabham: radiating like full moon |

TRANSLATION

"How can I the pitiable one, spend this miserable life without seeing your face radiating like full moon."

VERSE 48

उपवासैः च योगैः च बहुभिः च परिश्रमैः
दुह्खम् सम्वर्धितः मोघम् त्वम् हि दुर्गतया मया

upavāsaiḥ ca yogaiḥ ca bahubhiḥ ca pariśramaiḥ
duhkham samvardhitaḥ mogham tvam hi durgatayā mayā

SYNONYMS

tvam: you samvardhitaH = were nourished mogham = in vain mayaa = by me durgatayaa = the unfortunate one | upavāsaiśca: and painful voes. |

TRANSLATION

"You were nourished in vain by me ,the important one by fasts, by meditations, by various difficult and painful vows ."

VERSE 49

स्थिरम् तु हृदयम् मन्ये मम इदम् यन् न दीर्यते
प्रावृषि इव महा नद्याः स्पृष्टम् कूलम् नव अम्भसा

sthiram tu hṛdayam manye mama idam yan na dīryate
prāvṛṣi iva mahā nadyāḥ spṛṣṭam kūlam nava ambhasā

SYNONYMS

idam: This | mama: my hR^idayam = heart yat = for which reason na diiryate = is not breached kuulam iva = like bank mahaanadyaa = of great river spR^ishhTam = struck navaam bhasaa = by new water praavR^ishhi = in rainy season | manye: I think it sthhiram = as strong. |

TRANSLATION

"My heart is not breached, as bank of a great river, struck by new water in monsoon, by hearing this news.That is why, I feel it is strong."

VERSE 50

मम एव नूनम् मरणम् न विद्यते
न च अवकाशो अस्ति यम क्षये मम
यद् अन्तको अद्य एव न माम् जिहीर्षति
प्रसह्य सिम्हो रुदतीम् म्र्गीम् इव

mama eva nūnam maraṇam na vidyate
na ca avakāśo asti yama kṣaye mama
yad antako adya eva na mām jihīrṣati
prasahya simho rudatīm mrgīm iva

SYNONYMS

na vidyate: There is no maraNam = death naasti = There is no nuunam = indeed. avakaashaH = place | mama: to me yamakshhaye = in the abode of yama. yat = for which reason | antakaḥ: yama | the god of death najihīrṣati: is not wishing to carry off maam = me adyaiva = now itself prasahya = forcibly. |

TRANSLATION

"There is no death to me, indeed .I have no place in the abode of god yama who presides over the spirits of the dead .That is why, Yama is not forcingly carrying me off like a lion carrying off a wailing antelope."

VERSE 51

स्थिरम् हि नूनम् हृदयम् मम आयसम्
न भिद्यते यद् भुवि न अवदीर्यते
अनेन दुःखेन च देहम् अर्पितम्
ध्रुवम् हि अकाले मरणम् न विद्यते

sthiram hi nūnam hṛdayam mama āyasam
na bhidyate yad bhuvi na avadīryate
anena duḥkhena ca deham arpitam
dhruvam hi akāle maraṇam na vidyate

SYNONYMS

anena duḥkhena: By the grief | deham: body arpitam = is pierced. nuunam = Indeed mama = my hR^idayam = heart sthhiram = which is hard aayasam = is made of iron. yat = for which reason na bhidyate = it is not broken naavadiiryate = it has not fallen into pieces | bhuvi: on the floor na vidyate = There is no akaale = untimely = maraNam = death dhR^ivam = It is certain. |

TRANSLATION

"This grief is inserted into my body. Even then, my heart is stable. It has not broken into pieces and fallen on the floor .It is indeed made of iron. There is no untimely death, it is certain"

VERSE 52

इदम् तु दुःखम् यद् अनर्थकानि मे
व्रतानि दानानि च सम्यमाः च हि
तपः च तप्तम् यद् अपत्य कारणात्
सुनिष्फलम् बीजम् इव उप्तम् ऊषरे

idam tu duḥkham yad anarthakāni me
vratāni dānāni ca samyamāḥ ca hi
tapaḥ ca taptam yad apatya kāraṇāt
suniṣphalam bījam iva uptam ūṣare

SYNONYMS

idam: This is duHkham = sad anarthakaaniiti = to speak about waste of me = my vrataani = religious voes daanaamicha = charities samyamaashcha = and restraints. yat = which tapaH = austerity taptam = is performed apatya kaaraNaat = for the sake of offspring | suniṣphalam: is completely in vain biijam iva = as seed uptam = sown uushhare = in saline soil. |

TRANSLATION

"I feel bad since all my religious vows, charities, restraints have all gone waste.The austerity I performed for the sake of of -spring has gone in vain, as a seed sown in a saline soil."

VERSE 53

यदि हि अकाले मरणम् स्वया इच्चया
लभेत कश्चित् गुरु दुःख कर्शितः
गता अहम् अद्य एव परेत संसदम्
विना त्वया धेनुर् इव आत्मजेन वै

yadi hi akāle maraṇam svayā iccayā
labheta kaścit guru duḥkha karśitaḥ
gatā aham adya eva pareta saṃsadam
vinā tvayā dhenur iva ātmajena vai

SYNONYMS

kascit: If a person guruduHkhakarshitaH = in great distress labheta yadi = can get akaale = premature maraNam = death svayaa = ichchhayaa = out of his own will | aham: I gataa = would have got pareta sampadam = glory of the dead adyaiva = now itself tvayaa vinaa = without you dhenuriva = like cow aatmajenavina = without calf |

TRANSLATION

"If a man in great distress can get premature death out of his own will, I being separated from you ,would have attain the glory of the dead now itself like cow without the calf."

VERSE 54

अथापि किम् जीवित मद्य मे वृथा
त्वया विना च्न्द्रनिभाननप्रभ
अनुव्रजिष्यामि वनम् त्वयैव गौः
सुदुर्बला वत्समिवानुकाङ्क्षया

athāpi kim jīvita madya me vṛthā
tvayā vinā cndranibhānanaprabha
anuvrajiṣyāmi vanam tvayaiva gauḥ
sudurbalā vatsamivānukāṅkṣayā

SYNONYMS

athāpi: Moreover | candranibhānana prabha: oh | ṟama! With your brilliant face śining like mūn! kim: what me = my jiivitam = life tvayaavinaa = without you! vR^ithaa = waste indeed. adya = Now anuvrajishhyaami = Ican accompany tvayaiva = you only vanam = to the forest | vatsam iva: like with calf sudurbalaa = a completely weak cow gouH = cow anukaaNkshhayaa = with compassion |

TRANSLATION

"Moreover, what is the use of life? Oh, Rama! With your brilliant face shining like moon! My life is useless without you. I shall accompany you to the forest like a weak cow going behind it's calf"