Valmiki Ramayana - Chapter 28

Chapter 28

Kishkindha Kanda - The Empire of Holy Monkeys

स तदा वालिनम् हत्वा सुग्रीवम् अभिषिच्य च
वसन् माल्यवतः पृष्टे रामो लक्ष्मणम् अब्रवीत्

sa tadā vālinam hatvā sugrīvam abhiṣicya ca
vasan mālyavataḥ pṛṣṭe rāmo lakṣmaṇam abravīt

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

Rama spoke to Lakshmana while residing on the mountainside of Mt. Malayavata, also known as Mt. Prasavana, ensuing the elimination of Vali and enthronement of Sugreeva. [3-28-1]

VERSE 2

अयम् स कालः संप्राप्तः समयो अद्य जल आगमः
संपश्य त्वम् नभो मेघैः संवृतम् गिरि संनिभैः

ayam sa kālaḥ saṃprāptaḥ samayo adya jala āgamaḥ
saṃpaśya tvam nabho meghaiḥ saṃvṛtam giri saṃnibhaiḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"This is that time of which we thought and it has come to pass. Now it is rainy season. You see the sky fully covered with mountainous clouds. [3-28-2]

VERSE 3

नव मास धृतम् गर्भम् भास्कारस्य गभस्तिभिः
पीत्वा रसम् समुद्राणाम् द्यौः प्रसूते रसायनम्

nava māsa dhṛtam garbham bhāskārasya gabhastibhiḥ
pītvā rasam samudrāṇām dyauḥ prasūte rasāyanam

SYNONYMS

dyauḥ = heaven: sky | bhāskārasya gabhastibhiḥ: with sun's, sunrays | samudrāṇām rasam pītvā: of oceans, essence, on guzzling | nava māsa dhṛtam: nine, months, after sustaining | rasāyanam garbham: of elixir [of life,] to the pregnancy | prasūte: is giving birth. |

TRANSLATION

"Sustaining a nine-month pregnancy, impregnated through the Sun with his sunrays guzzling the essence of oceans, the heaven is giving birth to the elixir of life. [3-28-3]

PURPORT

The atmosphere bears pregnancy of rain water drawing through the sunrays, keeping that essence in air consolidating them to become watery clouds for a nine month period from the month of kaartiika to aaSaaDha . That is roughly from November to July. Then it delivers rainwater, the elixir of life, in the month of shraavaNa . It is an extract of six rasa-s elixirs, for the utilisation of various crops. atra meghaaH suurya rashmi marut aadibhiH samudram udakam gR^ihiitvaa garbhavt kaartiika maasa prabhR^iti nava maasa dhR^itam sasyaanaam ShaD rasa sampatti hetu bhuutam shuddham udakam shraavaNe maasi muncati it suucitam -- dharmaakuutam

VERSE 4

शक्यम् अंबरम् आरुह्य मेघ सोपान पंक्तिभिः
कुटज अर्जुन मालाभिः अलंकर्तुम् दिवाकरम्

śakyam aṃbaram āruhya megha sopāna paṃktibhiḥ
kuṭaja arjuna mālābhiḥ alaṃkartum divākaram

SYNONYMS

megha sopāna panktibhiḥ: with cloud's, stairs, flight of | ambaram āruhya: sky, climbing up | divā karam = day, maker: sun can be | kuṭaja arjuna mālābhiḥ: with wild-jasmines, Arjuna-flowers, garlands | alankartum śakyam = to adorn, it is possible: in these days. |

TRANSLATION

"It is very likely to climb up the flight of stairs of clouds to bedeck the sun with the garlands of white wild-jasmines, and red Arjuna flowers, in these days. [3-28-4]

PURPORT

Vishnu or Narayana is located in the solar orb in the aspect of sun, calle suurya naarayaNa and he is to be adored in these days of rain before any bodily activity like eating or drinking is undertaken. dhyeyaH sadaa savitR^i maNDala madhya vartii naaraayaNam and this Vishnu is a 'decoration-happy' deity alankaara priyo vishNuH and thus He can easily be reached by the stepladder formation of clouds and he can be garlanded easily. To do so a wife must be at his side sa patnyaa vishaalaakshyaa naaraayanam upaagamat 'adore that Narayana along with your wife...' and now if Rama were to adore that Supreme, Seetha is not at his side. Govindaraja.

VERSE 5

संध्या राग उत्थितैः ताम्रैः अंतेषु अधिक पाण्डुरैः
स्निग्धैः अभ्र पट च्छेदैः बद्ध व्रणम् इव अंबरम्

saṃdhyā rāga utthitaiḥ tāmraiḥ aṃteṣu adhika pāṇḍuraiḥ
snigdhaiḥ abhra paṭa cchedaiḥ baddha vraṇam iva aṃbaram

SYNONYMS

sandhyā rāga utthitaiḥ = sunset time, vith the hue of, ekṣtending: mottled with | tāmraiḥ: with redness | anteṣu adhika pāṇḍuraiḥ = at edges, muc, vhitiś: pure white | snigdhaiḥ: with soft | abhra paṭa cchedaiḥ = cloud, [called] cloth, pieces: bandages | ambaram: sky | baddha vraṇam iva: bandaged, gash, like. |

TRANSLATION

"Those clouds with pure white edges, and with reddish hue of sunset extending on them, look like soft pieces of cloth bandaged on the gashes of sky. [3-28-5]

PURPORT

The sky's parturition in the form of rain is just over and she is bandaged with cotton-like whitish and softish clouds, while the colour of spilt blood is still appearing on those dressings borrowed from the colour of sunset.

VERSE 6

मन्द मारुत निःश्वासम् संध्या चंदन रंजितम्
आपाण्डु जलदम् भाति काम आतुरम् इव अंबरम्

manda māruta niḥśvāsam saṃdhyā caṃdana raṃjitam
āpāṇḍu jaladam bhāti kāma āturam iva aṃbaram

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Slothful breezes as her sighs, sunset tingeing her as sandal paste, the sky with blanched clouds on her face appears like the one sighing for love. [3-28-6]

PURPORT

The birthing of rain is over and to give next birth to next rain, the sky is ready as a wooable female with sighs and daubing of sandal pastes to cool off her yearning for love.

VERSE 7

एषा घर्म परिक्लिष्टा नव वारि परिप्लुता
सीता इव शोक संतप्ता मही बाष्पम् विमुंचति

eṣā gharma parikliṣṭā nava vāri pariplutā
sītā iva śoka saṃtaptā mahī bāṣpam vimuṃcati

SYNONYMS

gharma pari kliṣṭā: by searing-summer, overly, agonised | nava vāri pari plutā = by nev, vaters, thoroughly, flūded: wetted | eṣā mahī: this, earth | śoka santaptā: by grief, fully, searing | sītā iva: Seetha, like | bāṣpam vi muncati = earth, tears, verily: implacably, outpouring. |

TRANSLATION

"Overly agonised with the searing-summer, but thoroughly wetted with new waters, this earth looks like Seetha, both implacably outpouring tears. [3-28-7]

PURPORT

The earth that becomes heated in summer vents out hot vapours on the fall of first rains releasing its agony of heat. The first act of humans to vent out agony is to shed tears. Now the earth is shedding humid tears and she is like Seetha who is also in the same predicament of earth, as the heat called the atrocity of Ravana sears Seetha.

VERSE 8

मेघ उदर विनिर्मुक्ताः कर्पूर दल शीतलाः
शक्यम् अंजलिभिः पातुम् वाताः केतकि गन्धिनः

megha udara vinirmuktāḥ karpūra dala śītalāḥ
śakyam aṃjalibhiḥ pātum vātāḥ ketaki gandhinaḥ

SYNONYMS

megha udara vinirmuktāḥ [vi nir muktaḥ: vaataaH] = from cloud's, womb, verily, out, freed [breezes | karpūra [kalhāra] dala śītalāḥ: minty-camphor [yellow camphor,] [or, red-lotuses] leaves, with coolness of | ketaki gandhinaḥ: Ketaki plant [Pandanus odora tissimus, Mogra,] with perfume of | vātāḥ: breezes | anjalibhiḥ pātum śakyam: with palms-bowl, to draught, possible to. |

TRANSLATION

"Freed from the wombs of clouds, cool as the leaves of minty-camphor, perfumed with the fragrance of Mogra plants, such as these breezes are it is possible to have a draught of them with the bowl of palms. [3-28-8]

VERSE 9

एष फुल्ल अर्जुनः शैलः केतकैः अधिवासितः
सुग्रीव इव शान्त अरिः धाराभिः अभिषिच्यते

eṣa phulla arjunaḥ śailaḥ ketakaiḥ adhivāsitaḥ
sugrīva iva śānta ariḥ dhārābhiḥ abhiṣicyate

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"This mountain with fully bloomed Arjuna flowers, further fragranced by Ketaka flowers is being anointed with downpours on a par with Sugreeva, who is anointed when his enemy is silenced. [3-28-9]

PURPORT

This Mountain Prasavana is full with its blooming Arjuna flowers, like the colourful garlands on the chest of Sugreeva. It is further fragranced with Ketaka flowers, like the fragrant items brought for Sugreeva's anointment. As with Sugreeva who after silencing his enemy Vali is anointed on time with the pouring down of all kinds of waters from golden flasks, this is mountain after silencing its enemy called sun-sear, is also being anointed by rainy downpours.

VERSE 10

मेघ कृष्ण अजिन धरा धारा यज्ञ उपवीतिनः
मारुत आपूरित गुहाः प्राधीता इव पर्वताः

megha kṛṣṇa ajina dharā dhārā yajña upavītinaḥ
māruta āpūrita guhāḥ prādhītā iva parvatāḥ

SYNONYMS

megha kṛṣṇa ajina dharā: clouds, black, deerskin, donning | dhārā yajña upavītinaḥ = śovers, ritual, mantled vith: wearing sacred thread | māruta āpūrita guhāḥ: by breeze, replete with, caves | parvatāḥ: mountains | pra adhītā iva = vell, studying: reciting ones [young-scholars,] are like. |

TRANSLATION

"Donning clouds as black deer skins, torrents as sacred-threads, and caves replete with breezes as vocals, the mountains look like young-scholars reciting Veda-s. [3-28-10]

PURPORT

The duty of young scholars of Vedic studies is to wear black deerskin and sacred thread as their initiation into Vedic studies. In these rainy days, there will be no other activity to them than sitting tight to recite their texts. The caves of mountains are its own mouths and they are replete with air and air gives out a din, and even the Vedic recitation gives out a din of its own kind. Thus, the mountains appear to be like humble young-scholars of Veda-s, voicing out their chanting like the hum of the air in caves. atra parvataanaam kR^iShNa ajina yaj~nopaviita aadi dharma kalpena adhyetR^iu saadR^ishya pratipaadanaat adhyetR^iuuNaam brahmacaariNaam kR^iShNa ajina yaj~nopaviita aadi dhaaraNam dharma iti uktam - dk .

VERSE 11

कशाभिः इव हैमीभिः विद्युद्भिः इव ताडितम्
अन्तः स्तनित निर्घोषम् सवेदनम् इव अंबरम्

kaśābhiḥ iva haimībhiḥ vidyudbhiḥ iva tāḍitam
antaḥ stanita nirghoṣam savedanam iva aṃbaram

SYNONYMS

haimībhiḥ kaśābhiḥ iva: with golden, whips, as if | vidyudbhiḥ: by flashes of lightening | [ambaram] tāḍitam iva: [sky is] whipped, as though | stanita: rattle of thunder | nir ghoṣam: out letting | ambaram: sky is | antaḥ sa vedanam iva = internally, vith, throes, as though having: internally suffering with them. |

TRANSLATION

"While the flashes of lightning are whipping the sky as if they are the golden whips, it is letting out rattle of thunders holding out against its inly throes. [3-28-11]

VERSE 12

नील मेघ आश्रिता विद्युत् स्फुरंती प्रतिभाति मे
स्फुरंती रावणस्य अंके वैदेही इव तपस्विनी

nīla megha āśritā vidyut sphuraṃtī pratibhāti me
sphuraṃtī rāvaṇasya aṃke vaidehī iva tapasvinī

SYNONYMS

nīla megha āśritā: blue, cloud, hingeing on | sphurantī vidyut: squirming, lightening | rāvaṇasya anke sphurantī: in Ravana's, grasp, squirming | tapasvinī vaidehī iva = penitent: sorry state, Vaidehi, as if | pratibhāti me: appears to be, to me. |

TRANSLATION

"That lightning hingeing on the blue cloud is squirmy, to me it appears like woeful Vaidehi squirming in the grasp of Ravana. [3-28-12]

VERSE 13

इमाः ता मन्मथवताम् हिताः प्रतिहता दिशः
अनुलिप्ता इव घनैः नष्ट ग्रह निशा कराः

imāḥ tā manmathavatām hitāḥ pratihatā diśaḥ
anuliptā iva ghanaiḥ naṣṭa graha niśā karāḥ

SYNONYMS

manmathavatām hitāḥ: for lovers having beloveds, [the precincts are] advantageous | pratihatā: [precincts are] marred [unclear] | naṣṭa graha niśā karāḥ = lost, planets, night, maker: moon | imāḥ tāḥ diśaḥ: these, they, directions | ghanaiḥ anuliptā iva: with clouds, begrimed, as though. |

TRANSLATION

"For those who are with their beloveds these precincts are advantageous, as their directions, as to which east and which is west, are unclear; and to loverless ones like me they are disadvantageous, because the same precincts have their planets and even their moon lost, and they look as though begrimed with dark-clouds. [3-28-13]

VERSE 14

क्वचित् बाष्प अभिसंरुद्धान् वर्ष आगम समुत्सुकान्
कुटजान् पश्य सौमित्रे पुष्टितान् गिरि सानुषु
मम
शोक अभिभूतस्य काम संदीपनान् स्थितान्

kvacit bāṣpa abhisaṃruddhān varṣa āgama samutsukān
kuṭajān paśya saumitre puṣṭitān giri sānuṣu
mama
śoka abhibhūtasya kāma saṃdīpanān sthitān

SYNONYMS

saumitre: oh, Soumitri | kvacit: somewhere | bāṣpa: tears / droplets of vapour | abhisamruddhān [abhi sam ruddhān]: thickly, covered | varṣa āgama samutsukān: of rainy season, by arrival of, feeling happy | giri sānuṣu sthitān: on mountain, terraces, standing | puṣṭitān: flowered ones | mama śoka abhibhūtasya: my, sorrow, verily, one who is let down | kāma samdīpanān: passion, inciters [plants on mountain] | kuṭajān paśya: wild-jasmines, you see. |

TRANSLATION

"Feeling happy with the arrival of rain wild jasmine plants standing somewhere on the terraces of mountain are flowered, and they are thickly covered with droplets of vapour, as if they are the tears of happiness hovering round the flower like faces of ladyloves at the arrival of their lovers, and such plants are becoming inciters of passion in me, who am let down by my sorrow for my ladylove. [3-28-14]

PURPORT

While some natural beings are enthused to take delight in the process of nature, brahma anubhava santuSTha , or Supreme Self, some others are refuting it. Thus my passion is increasing to bring back those perverts onto correct path.

VERSE 15

रजः प्रशांतम् स हिमो अद्य वायुः
निदाघ दोष प्रसराः प्रशांताः
स्थिता हि यात्रा वसुधा अधिपानाम्
प्रवासिनो यांति नराः स्व देशान्

rajaḥ praśāṃtam sa himo adya vāyuḥ
nidāgha doṣa prasarāḥ praśāṃtāḥ
sthitā hi yātrā vasudhā adhipānām
pravāsino yāṃti narāḥ sva deśān

SYNONYMS

adya: now | rajaḥ praśāntam: dust, is quietened | vāyuḥ sa himaḥ: breeze, together with, chill | nidāgha doṣa prasarāḥ: summer's, vile, pervasions | praśāntāḥ: quietened | vasudhā adhipānām: of land, lords- kings | yātrā = ekṣpeditions: conquests | sthitā hi: came to a halt, indeed | pravāsinaḥ narāḥ sva deśān yānti = in outstation, those men vho are, one's, ovn, to countries, they are going: returning. |

TRANSLATION

"In these days the dust is quietened, breeze is chilly, vile pervasions of summer are also quietened, conquests of kings indeed came to a halt, and the people in outstation are returning to their own countries. [3-28-15]

PURPORT

This verse speaks about the one who is blessed by the Supreme Being by way of His beneficence in the form of rain. For such a blessed soul rajaH which also means rajo guNa , 'over-activism...' apart from the meaning of 'dust..' is silenced. This is one among the three attributes sattva, rajaH, tamo guNaa -s 'purity, activity, stolidity...' and thus rajaH prashaantam 'the quality of over-activity is quietened, along with the quality of stolidity...' thus, only 'purity' is evident in him in his worldly activities. sa himo vaayuH 'with, coldness, is air...' the word 'air' denotes 'breathing humans' and those blest human's heart breaths a cool breeze, rather than fumes and fires, that which is the attitude of a person who is dominated by rajo guna 'attribute of over-activity...' Thus, they the blessed souls have no evil effects of searing or scorching of summer. The compound nigadha doSa... prashantaaH means worldly affairs, are silenced, where vile of summer is the personified vile of worldly affairs. And even their worldly expeditions to conquer, to possess, and to become significant etc., are stalled for the blessed souls sthitaaH... adhipaanaam . They have nothing to do here on earth because they are immigrants onto earth. So, they are returning to their own country, quarters, or abode, pravaasino... sva deshaan . Their own place sva desha is vaikunTha . Thus the divine rain blesses them with salvation.

VERSE 16

संप्रस्थिता मानस वास लुब्धाः
प्रिय अन्विताः संप्रति चक्रवाकः
अभीक्ष्ण वर्ष उदक विक्षतेषु
यानानि
मार्गेषु न संपतन्ति

saṃprasthitā mānasa vāsa lubdhāḥ
priya anvitāḥ saṃprati cakravākaḥ
abhīkṣṇa varṣa udaka vikṣateṣu
yānāni
mārgeṣu na saṃpatanti

SYNONYMS

samprati: presently | [hamsāḥ: swans] | mānasa vāsa lubdhāḥ: at Lake Maanasa, to live, eager to | sam prasthitā: readily, started to journey | cakravākaḥ priya anvitāḥ: Cakravaka [ruddy gees,] with beloved one, conjoined with | abhīkṣṇa varṣa udaka vikṣateṣu: oftentimes, by rainy, waters, verily battered | mārgeṣu: in roadways | yānāni: vehicles | na sam patanti = not, verily, falling: not moving ahead. |

TRANSLATION

"Presently swans have started journey to Lake Manasa eager to live there, but the Cakravaka birds, ruddy gees, that are together with their beloveds are not departing, and vehicles are not taking to road as the rainwater has battered the roadways oftentimes. [3-28-16]

PURPORT

The swans do not like muddy waters so they aspire the clear waters of Lake Maanasa in Himalayas. The great sages, averse to muddy worldly affairs, are also called 'swans, supreme swans' hamsa, parama hamsa for they wander all over acquiring and disseminating spirituality to world. But they take break in rainy season in a vow called caatur maasyam and contemplate in their own manas 'mind' about the Supreme Being. If the swans tend to go to Himalayan Maanasa Lake, these sagely-swans tend to gain entry into their own mind in search of Supreme. And, like swans that can search and separate milk from water to drink milk alone, the sages can search for their being. The compound sam prasthitaa , indicates a journey towards Supreme. And priya anvitaa indicates involvement in worldly affairs, nominally indicated here as 'together with their lovers'. Contrarily, those ruddy gees bound by attachments do not flee away, but they will stick to their worldly interests. Thus, this rainy season is sagely, to enable the seekers to seek the Supreme, without any bickerings due from the world.

VERSE 17

क्वचित् प्रकाशम् क्वचिद् अप्रकाशम्
नभः प्रकीर्णा अंबु धरम् विभाति
क्वचित् क्वचित् पर्वत संनिरुद्धम्
रूपम् यथा शान्त महार्णवस्य

kvacit prakāśam kvacid aprakāśam
nabhaḥ prakīrṇā aṃbu dharam vibhāti
kvacit kvacit parvata saṃniruddham
rūpam yathā śānta mahārṇavasya

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Widely bestrewn with clouds the sky is bright somewhere, and not so bright somewhere else, thus it is gleaming well with an aspect of vast but tideless ocean that is by far dammed up with cloudlike mountains. [3-28-17]

PURPORT

The sky, or heaven, is also called Supreme Being, according to the saying kham brahma 'Sky is Brahman.' This is apparently shiny at places where the clouds of ignorance are not hovering on the minds of the discerners, and it is unshiny and unapparent at other places because of the gloom in the mind of the beholder about the disposition of that sky, or Supreme Being.

VERSE 18

व्यामिश्रितम् सर्ज कदंब पुष्पैः
नवम् जलम् पर्वत धातु ताम्रम्
मयूर केकाभिः अनुप्रयातम्
शैल
अपगाः शीघ्रतरम् वहन्ति

vyāmiśritam sarja kadaṃba puṣpaiḥ
navam jalam parvata dhātu tāmram
mayūra kekābhiḥ anuprayātam
śaila
apagāḥ śīghrataram vahanti

SYNONYMS

śaila apa gāḥ = from mountains, vater, goings: mountain rapids | sarja kadamba puṣpaiḥ: with Sarja, with wild-jasmine, flowers | vyā miśritam: well, coalesced | parvata dhātu tāmram: with mountain's, ores, became coppery | mayūra kekābhiḥ: with peacock's, screeches | anu prayātam: at behind, transiting | navam jalam: new, water | śīghra taram vahanti = sviftly, in higher degrī, carrying avay: flowing. |

TRANSLATION

"Coalesced with Sarja and Wild-jasmine flowers, and also with the coppery ores of the mountain, the new waters are swiftly transiting towards ocean, while screams of peacocks haunting them. [3-28-18]

PURPORT

The flowers and mineral ores are mingling in waters and flowing as one with the waters. This is indicative of purposeful devotion, saatvika guNa prathaana bhakti 'devotion in its pureness.' The sattva guNa from the standpoint of mind is sukha 'devotion in pleasure....' and the rajo guNa is 'pain...' thus that sort of devotion is rajo guNa prathaana bhakti is 'devotion in pain...' Thus in pleasure or pain devoutness is evident. Apart from these two, there are some simple devotees. They do not have any higher values/purposes in view, except to extol, praise, and sing for the Ultimate. Thus, the screaming and screeching peacocks indicate such simple devotees. Govindaraja.

VERSE 19

रस आकुलम् षट्पद संनिकाशम्
प्रभुज्यते जंबु फलम् प्रकामम्
अनेक वर्णम् पवन अवधूतम्
भूमौ
पतति आम्र फलम् विपक्वम्

rasa ākulam ṣaṭpada saṃnikāśam
prabhujyate jaṃbu phalam prakāmam
aneka varṇam pavana avadhūtam
bhūmau
patati āmra phalam vipakvam

SYNONYMS

rasa ākulam: lusciousness, full of | ṣaṭ pada sam nikāśam = sikṣ, fūted [honeybī,] nearly, equalling: that resemble | jambu phalam = zambu trī's, fruit: rose-apple | pra kāmam: much, delightedly | pra bhujyate = vell, devoured aneka varṇam = diversely, coloured: discoloured | vi pakvam = verily, ripened: over-ripe, putrefied | āmra phalam: mango, fruit | pavana ava dhūtam: by wind, down, heaved | bhūmau patati: on ground, falling |

TRANSLATION

"The fruits of rose-apple that resemble honeybees are delightedly devoured as they are highly luscious, but the mango fruits that are discoloured and putrefied are falling to ground heaved down by wind. [3-28-19]

PURPORT

The falling of fruits on their own by the gusts of wind is indicative of the fall of fruits for a true devotee, and to him the ripened fruit is made available. Though Rose apple is an insignificant fruit it is consumed. It has a medicinal property in this rainy season. And though mango is a rich fruit it is not the season to consume it. So it is not picked now. Thus it is becoming a wasted fruit. Fruits of actions are therefore according to actions but not according to their richness or otherwise.

VERSE 20

विद्युत् पताकाः स बलाक मालाः
शैलेन्द्र कूट आकृति संनिकाशाः
गर्जन्ति मेघाः समुदीर्ण नादा
मत्त
गजेन्द्रा इव संयुगस्थाः

vidyut patākāḥ sa balāka mālāḥ
śailendra kūṭa ākṛti saṃnikāśāḥ
garjanti meghāḥ samudīrṇa nādā
matta
gajendrā iva saṃyugasthāḥ

SYNONYMS

vidyut patākāḥ: electric-charges, as [fluttering] flags | sa balāka mālāḥ: with, cranes, as garlands | śaila indra kūṭa ākṛti sam nikāśāḥ: mountain, lordly, pinnacles, in build, very, similar to | meghāḥ: clouds | samyuga sthāḥ: in a fight, standing up to | matta: vigorous | gaja indrā iva: elephant, lordly ones | sam udīrṇa nādā: with verily, high-pitched, voice | garjanti: are thundering. |

TRANSLATION

"Electric-charges as their fluttering flags of war, flights of cranes as their garlands of gallantry, those clouds very similar in their build to the pinnacles of lordly mountains are thundering with very high pitched voices like invigorated lordly elephants standing up to a fight. [3-28-20]

PURPORT

The towering mountains, or the haughty elephants stand tall among all, and their thunderous grumblings are akin to the rumblings of Vedic scholars who stand tall to establish Vedic tenets, though they come to fistfights with opponents.

VERSE 21

वर्ष उदक आअप्यायित शाद्वलानि
प्रवृत्त नृत्त उत्सव बर्हिणानि
वनानि निर्वृष्ट बलाहकानि
पश्य अपराह्णेषु
अधिकम् विभान्ति

varṣa udaka āapyāyita śādvalāni
pravṛtta nṛtta utsava barhiṇāni
vanāni nirvṛṣṭa balāhakāni
paśya aparāhṇeṣu
adhikam vibhānti

SYNONYMS

varṣa udaka āapyāyita śādvalāni: by rain, water, satiated, pasturelands | pravṛtta nṛtta utsava barhiṇāni: stimulated, for dance, carnivals, of peacocks | nir vṛṣṭa balāhakāni: completely, rained, by clouds | vanāni: woodlands | aparāhṇeṣu: in afternoons | adhikam vi bhānti: extremely, well, splendorous | paśya: you behold them. |

TRANSLATION

"When clouds have completely rained on the greenery pasturelands are satiated with rainwater and peacocks are stimulated to dancing carnivals, thus it is extremely splendorous in afternoons, behold it. [3-28-21]

PURPORT

The Divine couple Lakshmi and Narayana have grown this garden called earth, watering each of its plant with their Divine hands. Thus, due to the divine beneficence of that couple in the form of rain, that which is sprinkled on that garden, the desires of living beings and their means are fulfilled. Govindaraja. The aparaahNa is the fourth part of daytime, among the five, and they are: praataH, sangavaH, madhyaahna, aparaahNa, saayaahna early morning, morning, noon, afternoon, and evening.

VERSE 22

सम् उद् वहन्तः सलिल अति भारम्
बलाकिनो वारि धरा नदन्तः
महत्सु शृंगेषु मही धराणाम्
विश्रम्य
विश्रम्य पुनः प्रयान्ति

sam ud vahantaḥ salila ati bhāram
balākino vāri dharā nadantaḥ
mahatsu śṛṃgeṣu mahī dharāṇām
viśramya
viśramya punaḥ prayānti

SYNONYMS

salila ati bhāram = vith vater, muc, veighty: contained inside the wombs of clouds | sam ud vahantaḥ = vell, up, carrying: transporting | balākinaḥ = clouds adorned vith: cranes | vāri dharā = vater, carriers: clouds | nadantaḥ: while rumbling | mahī dharāṇām = by earth, born ones: of mountains | mahatsu śṛngeṣu: loftiest, on peaks | viśramya viśramya: reposing, and reposing | punaḥ prayānti: again, journeying |

TRANSLATION

"Clouds adorned with cranes around them are rumbling to transport them, and the weighty water contained inside their wombs, and reposing on the loftiest mountain peaks they are moving, moving and again reposing, like pregnant women. [3-28-22]

PURPORT

The saintly persons and pregnant mothers are indicated by these clouds. hR^idayena ud vahan harim 'The Supreme is to be carried along by one's own heart...' thus with their complete knowledge about that Supreme the saintly persons are repeatedly reposing at a sinful situation, and proceeding further when that sin is absolved. Thus they journey further towards total salvation. A pregnant woman also moves haltingly like a cloud carrying water. The clouds are pregnant not only by the weighty water but also by carrying the weight of cranes. The cranes fly high up to the clouds to mate. Thus, the clouds are loaded down with their own water and even with the flying cranes, both trying to carry the seed, the Supreme Being, in their wombs.

VERSE 23

मेघ अभिकामा परिसंपतन्ती
सम्मोदिता भाति बलाक पंक्तिः
वात अवधूता वर पौण्डरीकी
लंब इव
माला रुचिर अंबरस्य

megha abhikāmā parisaṃpatantī
sammoditā bhāti balāka paṃktiḥ
vāta avadhūtā vara pauṇḍarīkī
laṃba iva
mālā rucira aṃbarasya

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Highly delighted cranes are flying all over in rows highly desirous of the clouds, and they are shining forth like the best and lovely festoons of white lotus flowers as if wind has upheaved and dangled them on the sky. [3-28-23]

PURPORT

The white flying cranes desire black clouds for their mating. It indicates that the pure white conscious is desiring the Supreme abiding beyond the dark/obscured quarters and thus this pure white conscious of the true devotee is flying up above the normal planes to merge into that unknown, dark, or obscured zone to have a glimpse of that Supreme, whose body colour is said to be 'blue' or 'blue-black' kaala megha shyaama, niila megha shyaama like that of the colourless sky.

VERSE 24

बाल इन्द्रगोप्ता अंतर चित्रितेन
विभाति भूमिः नव शाद्वलेन
गात्र अनुपृक्तेन शुक प्रभेण
नारी
इव लाक्ष उक्षित कंबलेन

bāla indragoptā aṃtara citritena
vibhāti bhūmiḥ nava śādvalena
gātra anupṛktena śuka prabheṇa
nārī
iva lākṣa ukṣita kaṃbalena

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"The meadowland is with its new meadows which are medially dappled with young and small red-beetles, and it is shining forth as if she is a woman wearing a parrot-green wraparound on which lac-red spots are embroidered. [3-28-24]

PURPORT

It is usual for the insects to swarm on the new pasturelands by which the earth is appearing to be wearing a parrot-green colour sari embroidered with exotic red spots. The red colour is indicative of mercy of Supreme Being appearing opportunely, and the green pastures are His fertile kindness that reveal after humanly suffering, say summer heat.

VERSE 25

निद्रा शनैः केशवम् अभ्युपैति
द्रुतम् नदी सागरम् अभ्युपैति
हृष्टा बलाका घनम् अभ्युपैति
कान्ता
स कामा प्रियम् अभ्युपैति

nidrā śanaiḥ keśavam abhyupaiti
drutam nadī sāgaram abhyupaiti
hṛṣṭā balākā ghanam abhyupaiti
kāntā
sa kāmā priyam abhyupaiti

SYNONYMS

[iha: now, these days] | nidrā śanaiḥ keśavam abhi upaiti: sleep, slowly, to Keshava [Vishnu,] closely, getting at | nadī drutam sāgaram abhyupaiti: river, rapidly, to ocean, closer, getting at | hṛṣṭā balākā ghanam abhyupaiti: gleefully, female crane, to cloud, closely, getting at | sa kāmā kāntā priyam abhyupaiti: with, passion, woman, to beloved, closely, getting at. |

TRANSLATION

"These days sleep is slowly getting closer to Vishnu, rivers are rapidly getting closer to oceans, cranes are gleefully getting closer to clouds, and women are passionately getting closer to their beloveds. [3-28-25]

PURPORT

Vishnu goes into yogic trance from aaSaaDha ekaadashii to kaartiika shuddha ekaadashi thus He concentrates on the sustenance of the Universe, as an expression of His satisfaction liila. He is sheshin 'lord' and all other beings are shesha 'servants.' Thus, all the servants are eager to get in touch with the master. Govindaraja. Dharmaakuutam put this as: atra caturShvapi paadeShu nidraa nadii balaakaa kaantaanaam sva sva priyataan keshava samudra ghana patiinaan prati svata eva abhisaraNa kathanaat patim pratyabhisaraNashiilaa abhisaarikaa suucitam - - varShaa kaale striiNaam kaamodreka uktaH -- balaakaanaam garbha dhaaraNaartham sajalam ghanam prati gamamanam uktam -- dk Further he quotes from Kalidasa's megha sandesha : garbhaadhaan kShaNa paricayaan nuunam aabaddha maalaaH | sevante nayana subhagam khe bhavantam balaakaaH || meghasandesha . Verse Locator jātā vanāntāḥ śikhi supranṛttā jātāḥ kadaṃbāḥ sa kadaṃba śākhāḥ | jātā vṛṣā goṣu samāna kāmā jātā mahī sasya vana abhirāmā || 3-28-26 26. vana antaaH = forest, interiors; shikhi su pra nR^ittaa = for peacocks, very, well, to dance; jaataa = became - meetly; kadambaaH = Kadamba trees; sa kadamba shaakhaaH = with, Kadamba, branches of; jaataaH = adaptive; vR^iSaa goSu samaana kaamaa jaataa = bulls, in cows, matching, in sensualities, adaptive; mahii sasya vana abhiraamaa = earth, with crops, orchards, enrapturing; jaataa = became adaptive. "Interiors of forests have become adaptive for the peacocks to dance very well, Kadamba trees have become adaptive to their branches and bouquets, bulls with matching sensualities became adaptive to cows, and adaptive is this earth with its enrapturing crops and orchards, and all are adaptive to the season's gaiety. [3-28-26] Verse Locator vahanti varṣanti nadanti bhānti dhyāyanti nṛtyanti samāśvasanti | nadyo ghanā matta gajā vana antāḥ priyā vihīnāḥ śikhinaḥ plavaṃgāḥ || 3-28-27 27. vahanti nadyaa = surging, rivers; varshanti ghanaa = showering, clouds; nadanti matta gajaa = trumpeting, ruttish, elephants; bhaanti vana antaaH = shining, forests, interiors; dhyaayanti priyaa vihiinaa = reminiscing, beloved, without; nR^ityanti shikhinii = dancing, peacocks; aashvasanti plavamgamaaH = resolved to, monkeys. "Rivers are surging, clouds are showering, rutty elephants are shrilling, forest interiors are shining, loverless are speculating, and peacocks are rocking, monkeys are resolving to stay at one place, for this is the rainy season. [3-28-27] The monkeys have resolved to stay at one place without hopping hither and thither as the fruits for them are abundant at any one place. Verse Locator praharṣitāḥ ketaka puṣpa gandham āghrāya mattā vana nirjhareṣu | prapāta śabda ākulitā gajendrāḥ sārdham mayūraiḥ sa madā nadanti || 3-28-28 28. ketaka puSpa gandham = Ketaka [Mogra,] flower, fragrance; aaghraaya = = on whiffing; pra harSitaaH = highly, gladdened; gajendraaH = lordly elephants; mattaa = becoming excited; vana nirjhareSu = in forest, in streams; pra paata shabda aakulitaa = well, falling, by sounds, baffled; sa madaa = with, rut - elephants; mayuuraiH saardham = = peacocks, together with; nadanti = blaring. "On whiffing the fragrance of new Ketaka flowers the lordly elephants are highly joyous and became excited, but they are baffled at the sounds made by the fall of water in the streamlets of forest, and those best ruttish elephants are blaring along with screaming peacocks. [3-28-28] The elephants are confused at the sounds of mountain rapids falling to form brooklets in the forest and they construe those sounds are from an attacking elephant, thus they are giving out their challenge trumpeting. The peacocks are also screaming at the same sounds of rapids thinking them to be rainfall, as they welcome the rainfall to start dancing in the rain. Verse Locator dhārā nipātaiḥ abhihanyamānāḥ kadaṃba śākhāsu vilaṃbamānāḥ | kṣaṇa arjitam puṣpa rasa avagāḍham śanair madam ṣaṭ caraṇāḥ tyajanti || 3-28-29 29. dhaaraa nipaataiH = streams, by falling down - by downpours of rain; abhihanyamaanaaH = being knocked down; kadamba shaakhaasu vilambamaanaaH = Kadamba trees, branches of, drooping [languishing]; SaT caraNaaH = six, footed ones - hexapods, honeybees; kSaNa arjitam = in a moment, acquired - which is acquired in a trice; that; puSpa rasa avagaaDham = in flower's, nectar, plunged into; madam = intemperance; shanaiH tyajanti = slowly, forfeiting. "Honeybees languishing on the branches of Kadamba trees are knocked down by the downpour of rain, thereby they are slowly forfeiting the intemperance which they acquired in a trice by plunging themselves into the nectar of flowers. [3-28-29] Verse Locator aṃgāra cūrṇa utkara saṃnikāśaiḥ phalaiḥ suparyāpta rasaiḥ samṛddhaiḥ | jaṃbū drumāṇām pravibhānti śākhā nipīyamānā iva ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ || 3-28-30 30. angaara cuurNa utkara samnikaashaiH = coal, powder, heap [globes,] equalling in aspect; suparyaapta rasaiH = with profuse, juice; with such; samR^iddhaiH phalaiH = in abundance, fruits; jambuu drumaaNaam shaakhaaH = Jambu [Rose-apple] trees, branches of; SaTpada oghaiH = by honeybees, multitude of - hives of; nipiiyamaanaa [niliiyamaana] iva = swilling, as though; pra vibhaanti = highly, shining forth. "Rose-apple trees contain abundant fruits with profuse juice which look like the globated coal powder, with them the branches of those trees shine forth as though swilled by hives of honeybees. [3-28-30] Verse Locator taḍit patākābhiḥ alaṃkṛtānām udīrṇa gaṃbhīra mahā ravāṇām | vibhānti rūpāṇi balāhakānām raṇa utsukānām iva vāraṇānām || 3-28-31 31. taDit pataakaabhiH alankR^itaanaam = lightning, with flags, ornamented; udiirNa gambhiira mahaa ravaaNaam = having whooping, profound, great, having sounds - booms; balaahakaanaam = of clouds; ruupaaNi = appearances; raNa utsukaanaam = war, enthusiasts; vaaraNaanaam [vaanaraaNaam] iva = elephants, [vanara-s,] like; vi bhaanti = verily, shining. "Ornamented with the flags of lightning, and that have whooping, profound and blaring booms, those clouds by their appearances are verily shining forth like the elephants enthusiastic for a war. [3-28-31] Verse Locator mārga anugaḥ śaila vana anusārī saṃprasthito megha ravam niśamya | yuddha abhikāmaḥ pratināda śankī matto gajendraḥ pratisaṃnivṛttaḥ || 3-28-32 32. megha ravam nishamya = cloud's, thundering, on listening; prati naada shankii = return, shout [challenge of another elephant,] doubting; yuddha abhikaamaH = for a fight, interested towards - for a head-on collison; sam prasthitaH = readily started for; shaila maarga anugaH = mountain, way, follower - minding the track of mountain; vana anusaarii = forest, going towards; mattaH gajendraH = energetic, lordly, an elephant; sam ni vR^ittaH = well, not, proceeding - turning around. "That energetic and lordly elephant which readily started going towards the forest minding the track of that mountain, heard the thundering of the cloud, and doubting it a the war-whoop of another elephant took a right about turn wishing for a head-on collision with it. [3-28-32] The 'warring elephant' is indicative of Vedic proponent, where any such scholar on hearing the profound and uproarious challenge of his opponent, he will re-echo the same in order to retain his stand in the war of blaring words. Thus, he takes an elephantine U-turn to colloid headlong with his opponent to establish the Vedic dharma. Verse Locator kvacit pragītā iva ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ kvacit pravṛttā iva nīla kaṇṭhaiḥ | kvacit pramattā iva vāraṇa indraiḥ vibhāti aneka āśrayiṇo vanāntā || 3-28-33 33. aneka aashrayiNaH = to many, a retreat - to birds, animals etc; vana antaa = forest, interiors of; kvachit SaTpada oghaiH pra giitaa iva = = somewhere, with hexapods - honeybees, by swarms of, well, sung, as if; kvacit niila kaNThaiH pra vR^ittaa [nR^ittaa] iva = elsewhere, purple colour, necked ones - peacocks, pleasantly, bestirring [well danced,] as if; kvacit vaaraNa indraiH pra mattaa iva = somewhere else, with elephants, lordly, highly, excited, as if; vi bhaati = verily, beaming forth. "Somewhere the interiors of forests are finely singing, in affect, as they have swarms of singing honeybees; elsewhere, they are richly dancing, practically, as the purple-necked peacocks are bestirring; somewhere else, they are highly excited, virtually, as lordly elephants are highly excited, thus the interiors of forests are beaming forth as retreats to many bees, birds and animals. [3-28-33] Verse Locator kadaṃba sarjā arjuna kaṃdala āḍhyā vanānta bhūmi madhu vāri pūrṇā | mayūra mattā abhiruta pravṛttaiḥ apāna bhūmi pratimā vibhāti || 3-28-34 34. kadamba sarjaa arjuna kandala aaDhyaa = with Kadamba, Sarja, Arjuna, Kandala trees, plentiful in; madhu vaari puurNaa = nectar, water, aplenty; vana anta bhuumi = forest's, interior, land; mayuura mattaa abhi ruta pravR^ittaiH = with peacocks, excited, well, by screaming, by stirring up [dancing]; apaana bhuumi pratimaa vibhaati = liquor, land [alehouses,] similar to, impressive. "Plentiful in Kadamba, Sarja, Arjuna, Kandala trees and with the heaps of their reddish flowers fallen on ground, and well-excited peacocks screaming and dancing like the tipplers of that liquor like nectar, thus the interiors of forest are aplenty with nectar of those fallen flowers flowing like water, thus they are impressively similar to the lands of liquor, say watering-holes. [3-28-34] The ancient Indian liquor lounges are rather open spaces with palm/toddy trees in and around. The boozers used to wear flowery garlands and flowery armlets and they used to drink in the pinkish buds of banana flowers, which served mostly like the present day 'use and throw' plastic mugs. The screaming and dancing of nectar-drunk peacocks is metaphoric with the liquor-drunk boozers, or, say cabaret artists, and the land itself is boozy. Verse Locator muktā samābham salilam patat vai sunirmalam patra puṭeṣu lagnam | hṛṣṭā vivarṇa cchadanā vihaṃgāḥ surendra dattam tṛṣitāḥ pibanti || 3-28-35 35. sura indra dattam = gods, king - Indra, given - gift of; muktaa sama aabham = pearls, similar, in shine; patat = that which is falling; su nir malam = verily - pure, without, dirt - extremely clear; patra puTeSu = leaf, in hallows of; lagnam = clinching on; such; salilam = water rainwater; tR^iShitaa = thirsty; vi varNa cChadanaa = verily, altered, coloured [discoloured,] having wings; vihangaaH = birds; hR^iSTaa = delightedly; pibanti = guzzling down. "Extremely clear, pure, pearl-similar rainwater given as a gift by Indra is falling down and clinching the hallows of leaves, such as it is, it is heartily guzzled down by the thirsty birds whose wings are discoloured by the same water. [3-28-35] Indra is the administrative authority to accord rain through the presiding deity of Rain, namely varuNa, the Rain-God. So also, all the other aspects of nature like air, fire, thunders, thunderbolts, crops, famines, earthquakes, and the whole of natural happenings are at Indra's behest. Verse Locator ṣatpada taṃtrī madhura abhidhānam plavaṃgam udīrita kaṇṭha tālam | āviṣkṛtam megha mṛdaṃga nādaiḥ vaneṣu saṃgītam iva pravṛttam || 3-28-36 36. vaneSu = in forests; Satpada tantrii madhura abhidhaanam = honeybee's, string bass, melodious, stringendo; plavangam udiirita kaNTha taalam = by frogs, croaked, vocal, rhythm; megha mR^idanga naadaiH = with cloud's, drum, beats; aaviSkR^itam = commenced; sangiitam pravR^ittam iva = music, programmed, as though - the environs filled with such music. "Melodious string bass of honeybees as stringendo, frogs crocking as vocal rhythm, fortissimos of clouds as drumbeats, music has commenced in the forest as though programmed. [3-28-36] On this and next verses that contain the aspect of 'Nature's Music' dharmaakuutam records extensive commentary with reference to the 'Art of Music' sangiita shaastra Here only three instruments, namely sting instrument viiNa percussion instrument mR^iida~Nga and vocalised rhythm beat taala are suggested. But these do not exclude the other components of music. The commentator says that the dancing and singing are also inclusive of it, as contained in the next verse: atra viiNaa taala mR^ida~Nga vaadya maatram pratipaadya sangiitam pravrittam iti uktvaa vakShyamaanam nR^itta giita api abhipretam - giitam vaadyam tathaa nR^ityam trayaH sangiitam uccyate -- shaara~Nga deva... Then the commentator proceeds to say that whole of the epic is replete with music for it is rendered as singable poetry: tathaa ca bhagavataa vaalmiiki maharShiNaa svasya parama puruSha ruupa abhidhyaana artham giiti ruupam raama caritam varNitam | gaana arthatayaa raama nikaTe kusha lavayoH preShaNam tu . Verse Locator kvacit pranṛttaiḥ kvacit un nadadbhiḥ kvacit ca vṛkṣa agra niṣaṇṇa kāyaiḥ | vyālaṃba barha ābharaṇaiḥ mayūraiḥ vaneṣu saṃgitam iva pravṛttam || 3-28-37 37. kvacit pra nR^ittaiH = somewhere, those that are dancing well; kvachit ud nadadbhiH = elsewhere, high, pitched voicing; kvacit vR^iksha agra niSaNNa kaayaiH ca = somewhere else, of tree, on high, seated, with bodies, also; vyaalamba barha aabharaNaiH = dangling, plumaged-tail, as decoration; with such; mayuuraiH = with peacocks; vaneSu sangitam pravR^ittam iva = in forest, music [and dance,] commenced, as though. "Somewhere dancing well, elsewhere voicing in high pitch, and somewhere else seated high on the trees are the peacocks with plumaged tails as their dangling decorations, and it appears as the music and dance have commenced in the forests as programmed. [3-28-37] The dancing peacocks are the dancers, the voicing peacocks around the dancing peacocks are the singers and instrumentalists, and the peacocks that are sitting atop trees dangling their tails and conducting the ballet are the virtuosos/maestros: atra nR^ityanto mayuuraa nartakaa iva bhavanti | unnadanto mayuuraaH gaayakaa vaadakaa iva ca bhavanti | ucca sthaana sthita sabhaa naayakaa iva bhavanti | dk. Verse Locator svanaiḥ ghanānām plavagāḥ prabuddhā vihāya nidrām cira saṃniruddhām | aneka rūpā ākṛti varṇa nādā nava aṃbu dhārā abhihatā nadanti || 3-28-38 39. ghanaanaam svanaiH = of clouds, by thunders; pra buddhaa = well, awakened - called up; aneka ruupaa aakR^iti varNa naadaa = of various, cast, carve, colour, with crocks; plavagaaH = frogs; cira sam niruddhaam = for a long, verily, obstructed; nidraam = sleep; vihaaya = casting off; nava ambu dhaaraa abhi hataa = by new, water, streams, verily, scourged; nadanti = crocking. "Thunders of clouds called up the frogs, and casting off their long-time captivity in sleep, frogs of various casts, carves, colours and crocks are crocking scourged heavily by the streams of new waters. [3-28-38] Frogs are the foretellers of rain and they quickly respond to the rainfall because they cherish water and land alike, as amphibians, for their happy dwelling. Verse Locator nadyaḥ samudvāhita cakravākā taṭāni śīrṇāni apavāhayitvā | dṛptā nava prābhṛta pūrṇa bhogā drutam sva bhartāram upopa yānti || 3-28-39 39. sam ud vaahita cakravaakaa = well, up, hauled, Cakravaka - river water is sweeping ruddy gees up and along with its course - seesawing; dR^iptaa = prideful; nadyaH = rivers; shiirNaani taTaani = cleaved, riverbanks; apa vaahayitvaa = remove, carrying - overflowing; nava praa bhR^ita puurNa bhogaa = new, well, lugging, full-fledged, seducible - nubile limbs, pair of breasts, and other fruits and flowers used in meeting lovers, now immersed in the river waters; sva bhartaaram = to one's own, husband - lover; drutam upa upa yaanti = swiftly, to his near, to his near, surging. "Prideful rivers are swiftly surging near and near of their lover-like ocean overflowing their own battered riverbanks, and in doing so they are swinging and seesawing flights of ruddy gees flying on their bosom, where the curvatures of bird-flight look like the new, full-fledged, seducible, nubile breasts of the river, and in doing so the river is also lugging other items of romance, namely flowers and fruits, steeped in their new waters. [3-28-39] The rivers are the nubile girls and the over flying pairs/flights of Cakravaka birds are their heaving breasts. These girls called rivers are rushing towards their beloveds carrying flowers and fragrances etc., and they look like those girls that rush heaving their new breasts, uncaring for the elders of the house, or others in society around them, as though their lust is overflowing the brims of riverbanks, called the society. Verse Locator nīleṣu nīlā nava vāri pūrṇā megheṣu meghāḥ pravibhānti saktāḥ | davāgni dagdheṣu davāgni dagdhāḥ śaileṣu śailā iva baddha mūlāḥ || 3-28-40 40. words employed: niileSu - niilaa - nava - vaari - puurNaa - megheSu - meghaaH - pravibhaanti - saktaaH - davaagni - dagdheSu - davaagni - dagdhaaH - shaileSu - shailaa - iva - baddha - muulaaH; meanings: niileSu megheSu = among swarthy, clouds; saktaa = attached - docked; nava vaari puuNaa = with new, water, full of; niilaH meghaaH = swarthily, clouds; davaagni dagdheSu shaileSu = by forest fire, burnt, among mountains; baddha muulaaH = wedged, at bases; davaagni dagdhaaH shailaaH iva = by forest fire, burnt, mountains, like; prabhaanti = shining forth. "When the swarthy clouds full with new waters are docking among swarthily clouds, they are shining forth like mountains burnt by wildfire docking among other mountains that are already burnt by wildfire, both moored at mountain-bases. [3-28-40] Verse Locator pramatta saṃnādadita barhiṇāni sa śakragopa akula śādvalāni | caranti nīpa arjuna vāsitāni gajāḥ suramyāṇi vana antarāṇi || 3-28-41 41. gajaaH = elephants - are moving where; pramatta samnaadadita barhiNaani = voluptuously, well, screaming, peahens; sa shakragopa akula shaadvalaani = with, red-beetles, overspread, pasturelands; niipa arjuna vaasitaani = by Niipa, Arjuna flowers, fragranced; su ramyaaNi vana antaraaNi = in verily, pleasant, forest, interiors; caranti = [elephants are] moving. "Elephants are moving about the very pleasant interiors of forests where peahens are voluptuously screaming, pasturelands are overspread with red-beetles, and where they are fragranced with the flowers of Niipa and Arjuna trees. [3-28-41] Verse Locator nava aṃbu dhāra āhata kesarāṇi drutam parityajya saroruhāṇi | kadaṃba puṣpāṇi sa kesarāṇi navāni hṛṣṭā bhramarāḥ pibanti || 3-28-42 42. hR^iSTaa bhramaraaH = joyful, honeybees; nava ambu dhaara aahata kesaraaNi = with new, water, streams, lashed, fibrils; saroruhaaNi = lotuses; drutam parityajya = quickly, leaving off; sa kesaraaNi = lotuses that are - with, fibrils; navaani = new ones; kadamba puSpaaNi pibanti = Kadamba, flowers, quaffing. "Lashed are the fibrils of lotuses with the downpour of new waters, hence quickly leaving them off the joyful honeybees are quaffing the Kadamba flowers with new fibrils. [3-28-42] Verse Locator mattā gajendrā muditā gavendrā vaneṣu vikrāṃtatarā mṛgendrāḥ | ramyā nagendrā nibhṛtā narendrāḥ prakrīḍito vāri dharaiḥ surendraḥ || 3-28-43 43. gaja indraa mattaa = elephants, lordly ones, are ruttish; vaneSu = in forests; gava indraa muditaa = bulls, lordly ones, are delighted; mR^iga indraaH vikraanta taraa = of animals, lordly ones - lions, are triumphant, to a better degree; naga indraa ramyaa = mountains, lordly ones, are heart-pleasing; nara indraaH = peoples, lords of; nibhR^itaa = withdrawing - from conquests; sura indraH = gods, lord; vaari dharaiH pra kriiDitaH = with water, carries [clouds,] well, playing. "In forests lordly elephants are ruttish, ideal bulls that are delighted, peerless lions are triumphant to a better degree, lofty mountains are heart-pleasant, lords of people are withdrawing from their campaigns, and the lord of gods, Indra, is playing well with water giving clouds. [3-28-43] Verse Locator meghāḥ samud bhūta samudra nādā mahājala oghaiḥ gagana avalaṃbāḥ | nadīḥ taṭākāni sarāṃsi vāpiḥ mahīm ca kṛtsnām apavāhayanti || 3-28-44 44. mahaa jala oghaiH = with great, waters, streams; sam ud dhuuta samudra naadaa = verily, over, thrown - spurning, ocean's, boom; gagana avalambaaH = on skies, dangling - soaring; such as they are, the; meghaaH = clouds; nadiiH taTaakaani saraamsi vaapiH = rivers, lakes, pools, tanks; kR^itsnaam mahiim ca = entire, earth, also; apa vaahayanti = making to outflow - inundating. "The clouds having torrential water are soaring the sky, and spurning the booms of oceans with their rumbles they are inundating rivers, lakes, pools, tanks and even the earth. [3-28-44] Verse Locator varṣa pravegā vipulā patanti pravānti vātāḥ samudīrṇa vegāḥ | pranaṣṭa kūlāḥ pravahanti śīghram nadyo jalam vipratipanna mārgāḥ || 3-28-45 45. vipulaa varSa pravegaa patanti = substantially, rains, speedily, falling; samudiirNa vegaaH vaataaH pravaanti = intensified, in speediness, gales, are blowing; pra naSTa kuulaaH = verily, damaged - eroded, having riverbanks; vi pratipanna maargaaH = contradictory, having their course - out of ordinary course, far afield; nadyaH = rivers; shiighram jalam pravahanti = speedily, water, conducting. "Rains are falling substantially and speedily, gales are blowing intensified in their speediness, while rivers are conducting water speedily over their eroded riverbanks and far afield of their course. [3-28-45] Verse Locator naraiḥ narendrā iva parvatendrāḥ surendra nītaiḥ pavana upanītaiḥ | ghana aṃbu kumbhaiḥ abhiṣicyamānā rūpam śriyam svām iva darśayanti || 3-28-46 46. parvata indraaH = mountain, lordly; sura indra niitaiH = gods, lord - by Indra, brought - sent; pavana upa niitaiH = by Air-god, to near, wafted; ghana ambu kumbhaiH = cloud, water, with pots of; naraiH = by people; nara indraa iva = people's, lord, like; abhiSicyamaanaa = while being anointed; ruupam = aspect [of mountains]; svaam shriyam iva = one's own, grandeur, as if; darshayanti = showing. "Lords of people will be anointed by people with water carried in pots on their shoulders, and then those kings show their propitious aspect of a humanly king with applied divinity, whereas the lords of mountains are being anointed with the water sent directly by Indra and hitherto wafted straight by Air-god in the pots called black-clouds, thus these lordly mountains are standing alone as if showing their grandeur and divinity on earth. [3-28-46] Verse Locator ghana upagūḍham gaganam na tārā na bhāskaro darśanam abhyupaiti | navaiḥ jala oghaiḥ dharaṇī vitṛptā tamo viliptā na diśaḥ prakāśāḥ || 3-28-47 47. gaganam ghana upa guuDham = sky is, by clouds, closely, enshrouded; bhaaskaraH darshanam na abhyupaiti = sun, to see, not, getting around - imperceivable; taaraa na = stars, not - seen; dharaNii navaiH jala oghaiH = earth, with new, water, torrents; vi tR^iptaa = fully, satiated; tamaH vi liptaa dishaH na prakaashaaH = by obscurity, verily, swathed, precincts, not, illuminated. "Sky is closely enshrouded with clouds, neither sun nor stars are getting around for a glimpse, earth is fully satiated with the torrents of new water, enswathed in obscurity the precincts are unilluminated... [3-28-47] The statement of 'obscurity and illumination' is suggestive of the Vedic import tamasomaa jyotirgamaya 'from darkness lead me unto light...' When the earth itself is satisfied with the gift of nature the earthlings are still hankering after inaccessible desires, thus they cycle through the karmic cycle. Verse Locator mahānti kūṭāni mahī dharāṇām dhārā vidhautāni adhikam vibhānti | mahā pramāṇaiḥ vipulaiḥ prapātaiḥ mukta kalāpaiḥ iva laṃbamānaiḥ || 3-28-48 48. mahii dharaaNaam = by earth, born ones - of mountains; dhaaraa vi dhautaani = by torrents, clearly washed; mahaanti kuuTaani = paramount, pinnacles; lambamaanaiH = pendulous; mukta kalaapaiH iva = pearl's, necklaces, as if; mahaa pramaaNaiH vipulaiH pra paataiH = of large, volume - voluminous, widespread, that pitches down - torrential rains; adhikam vi bhaanti surpassingly, verily, shining forth. "The paramount pinnacles of the mountains are thoroughly washed by the torrential rains and are shining forth surpassingly, and the voluminous and widespread torrents that are pitching down are like the pearly necklaces pendulous on the chests of mountains. [3-28-48] Verse Locator śailopala praskhalamāna vegāḥ śailottamānām vipulāḥ prapātāḥ | guhāsu saṃnādita barhiṇāsu hārā vikīryanta iva avabhānti || 3-28-49 49. shaila upala pra skhalamaana vegaaH = on mountain, stones, verily, falling, speedily; vipulaaH prapaataaH = widespread, torrents; shaila uttamaanaam = on mountain, lofty ones; samnaadita barhiNaasu = that are with - highly screaming, peacocks; in such; guhaasu = caves; haaraa vi kiiryanta iva ava bhaanti = lavalieres, strewn around, like, well, gleaming. "Washing the mountain stones speedily the torrents on the lofty mountains are widespread and entering the caves, in which peacocks are highly screaming, and thus they are in the gleam of lavalieres strewn around. [3-28-49] The mountain rapids are running helter-skelter on the mountain washing the boulders speedily. But the boulders according to their nature obstruct these rapids. When obstructed they have the only recourse to enter the nearest cave. The caves by then are already full with screaming and colourful peacocks. Adding to the lustre of those peacock's variegated colours, the pearly-white water has also entered the caves. Then these three, pearly water, colourful peacocks, blackish caves are giving out sparkles of their own, like necklaces studded with many colourful gems, and if many such pendants are strewn around, each of its studded stone emits its own colour. Verse Locator śīghra pravegā vipulāḥ prapātā nirdhauta śṛṃga upatalā girīṇām | muktā kalāpa pratimāḥ patanto mahā guha ustsaṃga talaiḥ dhriyante || 3-28-50 50. shiighra pravegaa = having high, speed; vipulaaH = wide ones; giriiNaam = of mountains; nir dhauta shR^inga upa talaa = on neatly, washing, on crest of mountains, nearby, planes; muktaa kalaapa pratimaaH = pearly, necklaces, in shape; patantaH = that are falling; prapaataa = waterfalls; mahaa guha utsanga talaiH = cavernous, caves, in recess's [surfaces,] planes; dhriyante = wearing. "On neatly washing the crests of wide mountains and their nearby planes, the high-speeded waterfalls are falling like pearl-necklaces and the mountains are wearing them at the planes of their cavernous caves. [3-28-50] The mountains are noblemen in simile. The mountain rapids are pearly-necklaces firstly falling around their necks, and then drooping onto their chests, thus culminating at their locket-position, i.e., at the caves, on the chest of mountains. Those caves are glittering with the colours of peacocks, pearly water and blackish caves. Thus the utsanga 'heart of hearts...' these noblemen's hearts of hearts are covered with such necklaces and lockets. Verse Locator suratām arda vicchinnāḥ svarga strī hāra mauktikāḥ | patanti ca atulāḥ dikṣu toya dhārāḥ samantataḥ || 3-28-51 51. surataam arda vicChinnaaH = in lovemaking, in friction, broke apart; svarga strii haara mauktikaaH = heavenly, females', strings, of pearls; atulaaH toya dhaaraaH = excellent, water, streams; samantataH dikshu = all over, in directions; patanti = are falling. "Like the strings of pearls of heavenly females plopping down when broken in the friction of lovemaking, excellent streams of water are falling all over and in all directions. [3-28-51] Verse Locator vilīyamānaiḥ vihagaiḥ nimīladbhiḥ ca paṃkajaiḥ | vikasantyā ca mālatyā gato astam jñāyate raviḥ || 3-28-52 52. viliiyamaanaiH vihagaiH = by crouching in - returning to nests, of birds; nimiiladbhiH pankajaiH ca = doubling up, with lotuses, also; vikasantyaa maalatyaa ca = blooming up, of Jasmine flowers, also with; raviH astam gataH j~naayate = sun, into dusk, gone, known to be. "With the return of birds to nests, doubling up of lotuses, and blooming up jasmines, the sun is know to have gone into dusk. [3-28-52] Verse Locator vṛttā yātrā narendrāṇām senā pathi eva vartate | vairāṇi caiva mārgāḥ ca salilena samīkṛtāḥ || 3-28-53 53. nara indraaNaam yaatraa vR^ittaa = people's, lords - of kings, campaigns, reversed; senaa pathi eva vartate = armies, on path, only, remaining - marooned; salilena = by water; vairaaNi caiva maargaaH ca = conflicts, and also, roadways; samiikR^itaaH = evened out - neutralised. "Reversed are the campaigns of kings as the armies are marooned and thus rainwater has neutralised conflicts and roadways. [3-28-53] Verse Locator māsi prauṣṭhapade brahma brāhmaṇānām vivakṣatām | ayam adhyāya samayaḥ sāmagānām upasthitaḥ || 3-28-54 54. prauSThapade maasi = Bhaadrapada, in month; brahma = for Vedic-studies; vivakSataam = having concern; saama gaanaam = Sama Veda, those that sing; braahmaNaanaam = for such Brahmans; ayam adhyaaya samayaH = this one, learnable, time; upasthitaH = has come forth. "The month of Bhaadrapada, August-September, is the time for learning the singing of Sama Veda, and this is the time that has come for those Brahmans who concern themselves for learning the singing of Sama Veda. [3-28-54] During this time a vow called caatur maasya vrata will be observed by all adherers of Veda-s, and during this time young celibates are initiated into Vedic studies which commences on bhaadrapada shukla tR^itiiya 'third day in the white-fortnight of this Bhaadrapada month.' Verse Locator nivṛtta karma āyatano nūnam saṃcita saṃcayaḥ | āṣāḍhīm abhyupagato bharataḥ kosala adhipaḥ || 3-28-55 55. nivR^itta karma aayatanaH = one who has carried out, affairs, domestic; sancita sancayaH = garnering, goods; kosala adhipaH bharataH = Kosala's, king, Bharata; aaSaaDhiim = full moon day - pertaining to aaSaadha month; abhyupagataH = reached - undertaken; nuunam = definitely. "On carrying out all the domestic affairs and completely garnering the goods for rainy season, Bharata, the king of Kosala, might have definitely undertaken the 'four-month-vow' on the full moon day of aSaaDha month. [3-28-55] Verse Locator nūnam āpūryamāṇāyāḥ sarayvā vadhate rayaḥ | mām samīkṣya samāyāntam ayodhyāyā iva svanaḥ || 3-28-56 56. aa puurya maaNaayaaH = with water - being fully filled; sarayvaa = of River Sarayu; rayaH = swashing; sam aayaantam = verily, on coming back; maam samiikSya = me, on beholding; ayodhyaayaa svanaH iva = Ayodhya's, commotion, as with; nuunam vardhate = definitely, must be increasing. "Definitely the River Sarayu must be overfilling and its swashing must be mounting as with the commotion of Ayodhya on beholding my returning to city. [3-28-56] Ayodhya and its people used to create hubbubs whenever Rama used to return to city after his short trips to outside. Such is the affection of the inmates of Ayodhya to Rama, and now Rama is reminiscing that hubbub of people and swashing of Sarayu, as both soundalike. Verse Locator imāḥ sphīta guṇā varṣāḥ sugrīvaḥ sukham aśnute | vijita ariḥ sa dāraḥ ca rājye mahati ca sthitaḥ || 3-28-57 57. vi jita ariH = one who has - verily, conquered, enemy - Sugreeva on conquering Vali; sa daaraH ca = with, wife, also; mahati raajye sthitaH ca = in an admirable, kingdom, instituted; such; sugriivaH = Sugreeva; sphiita guNaa imaaH varSaaH = that have - manifold, merits - inbuilt facilities, these, rains - in rainy season; sukham ashnute = luxuries, he partakes - he luxuriate in. "This rainy season as such has manifold inbuilt facilities for self-contained entertainment, so Sugreeva must be luxuriating in them, besides, revelling for conquering his enemy, regaining his wife, and instituting himself as a king of an admirable kingdom. [3-28-57] Verse Locator aham tu hṛta dāraḥ ca rājyāt ca mahataḥ cyutaḥ | nadī kūlam iva klinnam avasīdāmi lakṣmaṇa || 3-28-58 58. lakSmaNa = Lakshmana; hR^ita daaraH ca = with stolen, wife; mahataH raajyaat cyutaH ca = from a great, kingdom, fallen - toppled from; such as I am; aham tu = I am, on my part - as for me; klinnam nadii kuulam iva = wetted - toppled over, river, bank, like; avasiidaami = I am sinking down. "As for me, Lakshmana, I am the one who is toppled from a great kingdom, whose wife is stolen, such as I am, I am toppling down like a riverbank that is toppled over. [3-28-58] Verse Locator śokaḥ ca mama vistīrṇo varṣāḥ ca bhṛśa durgamāḥ | rāvaṇaḥ ca mahān śatruḥ apāram pratibhāti me || 3-28-59 59. mama shokaH ca vistiirNaH = my, anguish, is also, boundless; varSaaH ca bhR^isha dur gamaaH = rains, also, definitely, not, passable - pathways are impassable; raavaNaH ca mahaan shatruH = Ravana is, but, formidable, enemy; me = to me; a paaram = not, possible to cross over - not, negotiable - insurmountable obstacles; pratibhaati = appears, to me. "Also my anguish is boundless, the rains have definitely made the pathways impassable, my enemy Ravana is a formidable one, thus these three appear to me as insurmountable obstacles. [3-28-59] Verse Locator ayātrām caiva dṛṣṭvā imām mārgām ca bhṛśa durgamān | praṇate caiva sugrīve na mayā kiṃcit īritam || 3-28-60 60. sugriive praNate caiva = Sugreeva is, very, humble, also thus; imaam = this; a yaatraam = not, possible for a campaign; bhR^isha durgamaan = highly, impassable; maargaam ca = pathways, also; dR^iSTvaa = on visualising; mayaa kimcit na iiritam = by me, anything, not, uttered. "Though Sugreeva is very humble to embark on a campaign, visualising the rainy season as an impossible one for any campaign, and even the pathways are rendered highly impassable I have not said anything to him in the affirmative. [3-28-60] Verse Locator api ca ati parikliṣṭam cirāt dāraiḥ samāgatam | ātma kārya garīyastvāt vaktum na icchāmi vānaram || 3-28-61 61. api ca = even, so; ati pari kliSTam = much, entirely, difficulties - that Sugreeva has undergone; ciraat daaraiH samaagatam = after a long while, with wife, united with; vaanaram = to such vanara; aatma kaarya gariiyastvaat = our, work, owing to loftiness of due to magnitude involved in our task; vaktum na icChaami = to speak [insist,] not, I desired. "Even Sugreeva has undergone many difficulties in their entirety, after a long while he is united with his wife, and even owing to the magnitude involved in our task of tracking down Ravana I did not desire to insist on that monkey. [3-28-61] Verse Locator svayam eva hi viśramya jñātvā kālam upāgatam | upakāram ca sugrīvo vetsyate na atra saṃśayaḥ || 3-28-62 62. sugriivaH = Sugreeva; vishramya = after respite; kaalam upa aagatam j~naatvaa = time's, closely, coming in, on realising; upakaaram ca = requital, also; svayam eva vetsyate hi = on his own, thus, will know, isn't it; atra samshayaH na = = in that, doubt, is not there. "After a respite Sugreeva will realise on his own that the time has come, and he will also realise the he has something to requite, isn't it! So, there needn't be any doubt in that matter. [3-28-62] Verse Locator tasmāt kāla pratīkṣo aham sthito asmi śubha lakṣaṇa | sugrīvasya nadīnām ca prasādam abhikāṃkṣayan || 3-28-63 63. shubha lakSaNa = oh, one with felicitous aspect, Lakshmana; tasmaat = therefore; aham = I am; sugriivasya nadiinaam ca = of Sugreeva, of rivers, also; prasaadam abhikaankshayan = generosity, expectant of; sthitaH kaala pratiikSaH asmi = abiding, time, looking forward to, I am. "I therefore stay abidingly looking forward for the time, oh, Lakshmana with felicitous aspects, expectant of the generosity of Sugreeva and of these rivers. [3-28-63] Verse Locator upakāreṇa vīro hi pratikāreṇa yujyate | akṛtajño apratikṛto hanti sattvavatām manaḥ || 3-28-64 64. upakaareNa = one who extends - succour; viraH tu = valiant one, on his part; pratikaareNa yujyate = with requital, conjoined - indebted with; a kR^itaj~naH = un, faithful one; further; a pratikR^itaH = who does not, requite; satvavataam manaH = those with soft, hearts; hanti = wounds. "A valiant one who is succoured will be indebted with some requital on his part, but besides being unfaithful, if one who does not make requital for all the favours done in his interest, he will be wounding the hearts of soft-hearted people." Rama said so to Lakshmana, keeping Sugreeva in view. [3-28-64] Verse Locator atha evam uktaḥ praṇidhāya lakṣmaṇaḥ kṛta aṃjaliḥ tat pratipūjya bhāṣitam | uvāca rāmam svabhirāma darśanam pradarśayan darśanam ātmanaḥ śubham || 3-28-65 65. lakshmaNaH = Lakshmana; tat eva = that, alone - what Rama said about their waiting for cessation of rains; yuktam praNidhaaya = as candid, visualising; kR^ita anjali = making, adjoined-palms; tat bhaaSitam pratipuujaya = that, what is said by Rama, honouring - praisefully; aatmanaH shubham darshanam pradarshayan = his own, opportune, viewpoint, to clarify; sva abhi raama darshanam = one with his - own, best, delightful, aspect - Rama; raamam uvaaca = to Rama, said. Visualising what Rama said about their waiting for pre-winter season to be candid, and praisefully making palm-fold at that determination of Rama, and even to clarify his own opportune viewpoint, Lakshmana spoke to Rama who by his own aspect is a delightful one for a ken. [3-28-65] Verse Locator yat uktam etat tava sarvam īpsitam nara indra kartā nacirā hari īśvaraḥ | śarat pratīkṣaḥ kṣamatām imam bhavān jala prapātam ripu nigrahe dhṛtaḥ || 3-28-66 66. narendra = oh, lord of people; yathaa uktam = as, said; like that; vaanaraH = vanara - Sugreeva; na ciraat tu = not, lately, but; tava iipsitam = by you, desired; etat sarvam kartaa = everything, completely, he will be doing; ripu nigrahe = enemy, in disciplining - elimination; dhR^itaH bhavaan = steadfadt, as you are; sharat pratiikshaH = autumn, while awaiting; imam = this; jala pra paatam = waters, heavy, falling - rainy season; kshamataam = you may bear with. "Oh, lord of people, Sugreeva will be effectuating everything you have desired and said, not later but soon, hence awaiting autumn you may please bear up these heavy rainfalls, besides bearing with the idea of disciplining the enemy." So said Lakshmana to Rama. [3-28-66] The last three verses are a repeat of 45, 46, and 47th verses of Ch 27 of this Kishkindha kaanda. Many of the verses in this canto bear the blemish of interpolations. - - - iti vālmīki rāmāyaṇe ādi kāvye kiṣkindha kāṇḍe aṣṭa viṃśaḥ sargaḥ Thus, this is the 28th chapter in Kishkindha Kanda of Valmiki Ramayana, the First Epic poem of India. Verse Locator for Book IV : Kishkindha Kanda - The Empire of Holy Monkeys : Chapter 28 Top of Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 © 2002, Desiraju Hanumanta Rao [Revised : August 04 Check here for verse and concerning locator HTML copied by Go FTP FREE Client atra caturShvapi paadeShu nidraa nadii balaakaa kaantaanaam sva sva priyataan keshava samudra ghana patiinaan prati svata eva abhisaraNa kathanaat patim pratyabhisaraNashiilaa abhisaarikaa suucitam - - varShaa kaale striiNaam kaamodreka uktaH -- balaakaanaam garbha dhaaraNaartham sajalam ghanam prati gamamanam uktam -- dk Further he quotes from Kalidasa's megha sandesha : garbhaadhaan kShaNa paricayaan nuunam aabaddha maalaaH | sevante nayana subhagam khe bhavantam balaakaaH || meghasandesha . Further he quotes from Kalidasa's megha sandesha : garbhaadhaan kShaNa paricayaan nuunam aabaddha maalaaH | sevante nayana subhagam khe bhavantam balaakaaH || meghasandesha . garbhaadhaan kShaNa paricayaan nuunam aabaddha maalaaH | sevante nayana subhagam khe bhavantam balaakaaH || meghasandesha .

VERSE 26

जाता वनान्ताः शिखि सुप्रनृत्ता
जाताः कदंबाः स कदंब शाखाः
जाता वृषा गोषु समान कामा
जाता मही
सस्य वन अभिरामा

jātā vanāntāḥ śikhi supranṛttā
jātāḥ kadaṃbāḥ sa kadaṃba śākhāḥ
jātā vṛṣā goṣu samāna kāmā
jātā mahī
sasya vana abhirāmā

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Interiors of forests have become adaptive for the peacocks to dance very well, Kadamba trees have become adaptive to their branches and bouquets, bulls with matching sensualities became adaptive to cows, and adaptive is this earth with its enrapturing crops and orchards, and all are adaptive to the season's gaiety. [3-28-26]

VERSE 27

वहन्ति वर्षन्ति नदन्ति भान्ति
ध्यायन्ति नृत्यन्ति समाश्वसन्ति
नद्यो घना मत्त गजा वन अन्ताः
प्रिया
विहीनाः शिखिनः प्लवंगाः

vahanti varṣanti nadanti bhānti
dhyāyanti nṛtyanti samāśvasanti
nadyo ghanā matta gajā vana antāḥ
priyā
vihīnāḥ śikhinaḥ plavaṃgāḥ

SYNONYMS

vahanti nadyā: surging, rivers | varśanti ghanā: showering, clouds | nadanti matta gajā: trumpeting, ruttish, elephants | bhānti vana antāḥ: shining, forests, interiors | dhyāyanti priyā vihīnā: reminiscing, beloved, without | nṛtyanti śikhinī: dancing, peacocks | āśvasanti plavamgamāḥ: resolved to, monkeys. |

TRANSLATION

"Rivers are surging, clouds are showering, rutty elephants are shrilling, forest interiors are shining, loverless are speculating, and peacocks are rocking, monkeys are resolving to stay at one place, for this is the rainy season. [3-28-27]

PURPORT

The monkeys have resolved to stay at one place without hopping hither and thither as the fruits for them are abundant at any one place.

VERSE 28

प्रहर्षिताः केतक पुष्प गन्धम्
आघ्राय मत्ता वन निर्झरेषु
प्रपात शब्द आकुलिता गजेन्द्राः
सार्धम्
मयूरैः स मदा नदन्ति

praharṣitāḥ ketaka puṣpa gandham
āghrāya mattā vana nirjhareṣu
prapāta śabda ākulitā gajendrāḥ
sārdham
mayūraiḥ sa madā nadanti

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"On whiffing the fragrance of new Ketaka flowers the lordly elephants are highly joyous and became excited, but they are baffled at the sounds made by the fall of water in the streamlets of forest, and those best ruttish elephants are blaring along with screaming peacocks. [3-28-28]

PURPORT

The elephants are confused at the sounds of mountain rapids falling to form brooklets in the forest and they construe those sounds are from an attacking elephant, thus they are giving out their challenge trumpeting. The peacocks are also screaming at the same sounds of rapids thinking them to be rainfall, as they welcome the rainfall to start dancing in the rain.

VERSE 29

धारा निपातैः अभिहन्यमानाः
कदंब शाखासु विलंबमानाः
क्षण अर्जितम् पुष्प रस अवगाढम्
शनैर्
मदम् षट् चरणाः त्यजन्ति

dhārā nipātaiḥ abhihanyamānāḥ
kadaṃba śākhāsu vilaṃbamānāḥ
kṣaṇa arjitam puṣpa rasa avagāḍham
śanair
madam ṣaṭ caraṇāḥ tyajanti

SYNONYMS

dhārā nipātaiḥ = streams, by falling dovn: by downpours of rain | abhihanyamānāḥ: being knocked down | kadamba śākhāsu vilambamānāḥ: Kadamba trees, branches of, drooping [languishing] | ṣaṭ caraṇāḥ = sikṣ, fūted ones: hexapods, honeybees | kṣaṇa arjitam = in a moment, acquired: which is acquired in a trice | puṣpa rasa avagāḍham: in flower's, nectar, plunged into | madam: intemperance | śanaiḥ tyajanti: slowly, forfeiting. |

TRANSLATION

"Honeybees languishing on the branches of Kadamba trees are knocked down by the downpour of rain, thereby they are slowly forfeiting the intemperance which they acquired in a trice by plunging themselves into the nectar of flowers. [3-28-29]

VERSE 30

अंगार चूर्ण उत्कर संनिकाशैः
फलैः सुपर्याप्त रसैः समृद्धैः
जंबू द्रुमाणाम् प्रविभान्ति शाखा
निपीयमाना इव षट्पद ओघैः

aṃgāra cūrṇa utkara saṃnikāśaiḥ
phalaiḥ suparyāpta rasaiḥ samṛddhaiḥ
jaṃbū drumāṇām pravibhānti śākhā
nipīyamānā iva ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ

SYNONYMS

angāra cūrṇa utkara samnikāśaiḥ: coal, powder, heap [globes,] equalling in aspect | suparyāpta rasaiḥ: with profuse, juice | samṛddhaiḥ phalaiḥ: in abundance, fruits | jambū drumāṇām śākhāḥ: Jambu [Rose-apple] trees, branches of | ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ = by honeybīs, multitude of: hives of | nipīyamānā [nilīyamāna] iva: swilling, as though | pra vibhānti: highly, shining forth. |

TRANSLATION

"Rose-apple trees contain abundant fruits with profuse juice which look like the globated coal powder, with them the branches of those trees shine forth as though swilled by hives of honeybees. [3-28-30]

VERSE 31

तडित् पताकाभिः अलंकृतानाम्
उदीर्ण गंभीर महा रवाणाम्
विभान्ति रूपाणि बलाहकानाम्
रण उत्सुकानाम्
इव वारणानाम्

taḍit patākābhiḥ alaṃkṛtānām
udīrṇa gaṃbhīra mahā ravāṇām
vibhānti rūpāṇi balāhakānām
raṇa utsukānām
iva vāraṇānām

SYNONYMS

taḍit patākābhiḥ alankṛtānām: lightning, with flags, ornamented | udīrṇa gambhīra mahā ravāṇām = having vhūping, profound, great, having sounds: booms | balāhakānām: of clouds | rūpāṇi: appearances | raṇa utsukānām: war, enthusiasts | vāraṇānām [vānarāṇām] iva: elephants, [vanara-s,] like | vi bhānti: verily, shining. |

TRANSLATION

"Ornamented with the flags of lightning, and that have whooping, profound and blaring booms, those clouds by their appearances are verily shining forth like the elephants enthusiastic for a war. [3-28-31]

VERSE 32

मार्ग अनुगः शैल वन अनुसारी
संप्रस्थितो मेघ रवम् निशम्य
युद्ध अभिकामः प्रतिनाद शन्की
मत्तो
गजेन्द्रः प्रतिसंनिवृत्तः

mārga anugaḥ śaila vana anusārī
saṃprasthito megha ravam niśamya
yuddha abhikāmaḥ pratināda śankī
matto
gajendraḥ pratisaṃnivṛttaḥ

SYNONYMS

megha ravam niśamya: cloud's, thundering, on listening | prati nāda śankī: return, shout [challenge of another elephant,] doubting | yuddha abhikāmaḥ = for a fight, interested tovards: for a head-on collison | sam prasthitaḥ: readily started for | śaila mārga anugaḥ = mountain, vay, follover: minding the track of mountain | vana anusārī: forest, going towards | mattaḥ gajendraḥ: energetic, lordly, an elephant | sam ni vṛttaḥ = vell, not, procīding: turning around. |

TRANSLATION

"That energetic and lordly elephant which readily started going towards the forest minding the track of that mountain, heard the thundering of the cloud, and doubting it a the war-whoop of another elephant took a right about turn wishing for a head-on collision with it. [3-28-32]

PURPORT

The 'warring elephant' is indicative of Vedic proponent, where any such scholar on hearing the profound and uproarious challenge of his opponent, he will re-echo the same in order to retain his stand in the war of blaring words. Thus, he takes an elephantine U-turn to colloid headlong with his opponent to establish the Vedic dharma.

VERSE 33

क्वचित् प्रगीता इव षट्पद ओघैः
क्वचित् प्रवृत्ता इव नील कण्ठैः
क्वचित् प्रमत्ता इव वारण इन्द्रैः
विभाति अनेक आश्रयिणो वनान्ता

kvacit pragītā iva ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ
kvacit pravṛttā iva nīla kaṇṭhaiḥ
kvacit pramattā iva vāraṇa indraiḥ
vibhāti aneka āśrayiṇo vanāntā

SYNONYMS

aneka āśrayiṇaḥ = to many, a retreat: to birds, animals etc | vana antā: forest, interiors of | kvacit ṣaṭpada oghaiḥ pra gītā iva = = somevhere, vith hekṣapods: honeybees, by swarms of, well, sung, as if | kvacit nīla kaṇṭhaiḥ pra vṛttā [nṛttā] iva = elsevhere, purple colour, necked ones: peacocks, pleasantly, bestirring [well danced,] as if | kvacit vāraṇa indraiḥ pra mattā iva: somewhere else, with elephants, lordly, highly, excited, as if | vi bhāti: verily, beaming forth. |

TRANSLATION

"Somewhere the interiors of forests are finely singing, in affect, as they have swarms of singing honeybees; elsewhere, they are richly dancing, practically, as the purple-necked peacocks are bestirring; somewhere else, they are highly excited, virtually, as lordly elephants are highly excited, thus the interiors of forests are beaming forth as retreats to many bees, birds and animals. [3-28-33]

VERSE 34

कदंब सर्जा अर्जुन कंदल आढ्या
वनान्त भूमि मधु वारि पूर्णा
मयूर मत्ता अभिरुत प्रवृत्तैः
अपान भूमि प्रतिमा विभाति

kadaṃba sarjā arjuna kaṃdala āḍhyā
vanānta bhūmi madhu vāri pūrṇā
mayūra mattā abhiruta pravṛttaiḥ
apāna bhūmi pratimā vibhāti

SYNONYMS

kadamba sarjā arjuna kandala āḍhyā: with Kadamba, Sarja, Arjuna, Kandala trees, plentiful in | madhu vāri pūrṇā: nectar, water, aplenty | vana anta bhūmi: forest's, interior, land | mayūra mattā abhi ruta pravṛttaiḥ: with peacocks, excited, well, by screaming, by stirring up [dancing] | apāna bhūmi pratimā vibhāti: liquor, land [alehouses,] similar to, impressive. |

TRANSLATION

"Plentiful in Kadamba, Sarja, Arjuna, Kandala trees and with the heaps of their reddish flowers fallen on ground, and well-excited peacocks screaming and dancing like the tipplers of that liquor like nectar, thus the interiors of forest are aplenty with nectar of those fallen flowers flowing like water, thus they are impressively similar to the lands of liquor, say watering-holes. [3-28-34]

PURPORT

The ancient Indian liquor lounges are rather open spaces with palm/toddy trees in and around. The boozers used to wear flowery garlands and flowery armlets and they used to drink in the pinkish buds of banana flowers, which served mostly like the present day 'use and throw' plastic mugs. The screaming and dancing of nectar-drunk peacocks is metaphoric with the liquor-drunk boozers, or, say cabaret artists, and the land itself is boozy.

VERSE 35

मुक्ता समाभम् सलिलम् पतत् वै
सुनिर्मलम् पत्र पुटेषु लग्नम्
हृष्टा विवर्ण च्छदना विहंगाः
सुरेन्द्र
दत्तम् तृषिताः पिबन्ति

muktā samābham salilam patat vai
sunirmalam patra puṭeṣu lagnam
hṛṣṭā vivarṇa cchadanā vihaṃgāḥ
surendra
dattam tṛṣitāḥ pibanti

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Extremely clear, pure, pearl-similar rainwater given as a gift by Indra is falling down and clinching the hallows of leaves, such as it is, it is heartily guzzled down by the thirsty birds whose wings are discoloured by the same water. [3-28-35]

PURPORT

Indra is the administrative authority to accord rain through the presiding deity of Rain, namely varuNa, the Rain-God. So also, all the other aspects of nature like air, fire, thunders, thunderbolts, crops, famines, earthquakes, and the whole of natural happenings are at Indra's behest.

VERSE 36

षत्पद तंत्री मधुर अभिधानम्
प्लवंगम् उदीरित कण्ठ तालम्
आविष्कृतम् मेघ मृदंग नादैः
वनेषु
संगीतम् इव प्रवृत्तम्

ṣatpada taṃtrī madhura abhidhānam
plavaṃgam udīrita kaṇṭha tālam
āviṣkṛtam megha mṛdaṃga nādaiḥ
vaneṣu
saṃgītam iva pravṛttam

SYNONYMS

vaneṣu: in forests | ṣatpada tantrī madhura abhidhānam: honeybee's, string bass, melodious, stringendo | plavangam udīrita kaṇṭha tālam: by frogs, croaked, vocal, rhythm | megha mṛdanga nādaiḥ: with cloud's, drum, beats | āviṣkṛtam: commenced | sangītam pravṛttam iva = music, programmed, as though: the environs filled with such music. |

TRANSLATION

"Melodious string bass of honeybees as stringendo, frogs crocking as vocal rhythm, fortissimos of clouds as drumbeats, music has commenced in the forest as though programmed. [3-28-36]

PURPORT

On this and next verses that contain the aspect of 'Nature's Music' dharmaakuutam records extensive commentary with reference to the 'Art of Music' sangiita shaastra Here only three instruments, namely sting instrument viiNa percussion instrument mR^iida~Nga and vocalised rhythm beat taala are suggested. But these do not exclude the other components of music. The commentator says that the dancing and singing are also inclusive of it, as contained in the next verse: atra viiNaa taala mR^ida~Nga vaadya maatram pratipaadya sangiitam pravrittam iti uktvaa vakShyamaanam nR^itta giita api abhipretam - giitam vaadyam tathaa nR^ityam trayaH sangiitam uccyate -- shaara~Nga deva... Then the commentator proceeds to say that whole of the epic is replete with music for it is rendered as singable poetry: tathaa ca bhagavataa vaalmiiki maharShiNaa svasya parama puruSha ruupa abhidhyaana artham giiti ruupam raama caritam varNitam | gaana arthatayaa raama nikaTe kusha lavayoH preShaNam tu .

VERSE 37

क्वचित् प्रनृत्तैः क्वचित् उन् नदद्भिः
क्वचित् च वृक्ष अग्र निषण्ण कायैः
व्यालंब बर्ह आभरणैः मयूरैः
वनेषु संगितम् इव प्रवृत्तम्

kvacit pranṛttaiḥ kvacit un nadadbhiḥ
kvacit ca vṛkṣa agra niṣaṇṇa kāyaiḥ
vyālaṃba barha ābharaṇaiḥ mayūraiḥ
vaneṣu saṃgitam iva pravṛttam

SYNONYMS

kvacit pra nṛttaiḥ: somewhere, those that are dancing well | kvacit ud nadadbhiḥ: elsewhere, high, pitched voicing | kvacit vṛkśa agra niṣaṇṇa kāyaiḥ ca: somewhere else, of tree, on high, seated, with bodies, also | vyālamba barha ābharaṇaiḥ: dangling, plumaged-tail, as decoration | mayūraiḥ: with peacocks | vaneṣu sangitam pravṛttam iva: in forest, music [and dance,] commenced, as though. |

TRANSLATION

"Somewhere dancing well, elsewhere voicing in high pitch, and somewhere else seated high on the trees are the peacocks with plumaged tails as their dangling decorations, and it appears as the music and dance have commenced in the forests as programmed. [3-28-37]

PURPORT

The dancing peacocks are the dancers, the voicing peacocks around the dancing peacocks are the singers and instrumentalists, and the peacocks that are sitting atop trees dangling their tails and conducting the ballet are the virtuosos/maestros: atra nR^ityanto mayuuraa nartakaa iva bhavanti | unnadanto mayuuraaH gaayakaa vaadakaa iva ca bhavanti | ucca sthaana sthita sabhaa naayakaa iva bhavanti | dk.

VERSE 38

स्वनैः घनानाम् प्लवगाः प्रबुद्धा
विहाय निद्राम् चिर संनिरुद्धाम्
अनेक रूपा आकृति वर्ण नादा
नव
अंबु धारा अभिहता नदन्ति

svanaiḥ ghanānām plavagāḥ prabuddhā
vihāya nidrām cira saṃniruddhām
aneka rūpā ākṛti varṇa nādā
nava
aṃbu dhārā abhihatā nadanti

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Thunders of clouds called up the frogs, and casting off their long-time captivity in sleep, frogs of various casts, carves, colours and crocks are crocking scourged heavily by the streams of new waters. [3-28-38]

PURPORT

Frogs are the foretellers of rain and they quickly respond to the rainfall because they cherish water and land alike, as amphibians, for their happy dwelling.

VERSE 39

नद्यः समुद्वाहित चक्रवाका
तटानि शीर्णानि अपवाहयित्वा
दृप्ता नव प्राभृत पूर्ण भोगा
द्रुतम् स्व
भर्तारम् उपोप यान्ति

nadyaḥ samudvāhita cakravākā
taṭāni śīrṇāni apavāhayitvā
dṛptā nava prābhṛta pūrṇa bhogā
drutam sva
bhartāram upopa yānti

SYNONYMS

sam ud vāhita cakravākā = vell, up, hauled, chakravaka: river water is sweeping ruddy gees up and along with its course - seesawing | dṛptā: prideful | nadyaḥ: rivers | śīrṇāni taṭāni: cleaved, riverbanks | apa vāhayitvā = remove, carrying: overflowing | nava prā bhṛta pūrṇa bhogā = nev, vell, lugging, full: fledged, seducible - nubile limbs, pair of breasts, and other fruits and flowers used in meeting lovers, now immersed in the river waters | sva bhartāram = to one's ovn, husband: lover | drutam upa upa yānti: swiftly, to his near, to his near, surging. |

TRANSLATION

"Prideful rivers are swiftly surging near and near of their lover-like ocean overflowing their own battered riverbanks, and in doing so they are swinging and seesawing flights of ruddy gees flying on their bosom, where the curvatures of bird-flight look like the new, full-fledged, seducible, nubile breasts of the river, and in doing so the river is also lugging other items of romance, namely flowers and fruits, steeped in their new waters. [3-28-39]

PURPORT

The rivers are the nubile girls and the over flying pairs/flights of Cakravaka birds are their heaving breasts. These girls called rivers are rushing towards their beloveds carrying flowers and fragrances etc., and they look like those girls that rush heaving their new breasts, uncaring for the elders of the house, or others in society around them, as though their lust is overflowing the brims of riverbanks, called the society.

VERSE 40

नीलेषु नीला नव वारि पूर्णा
मेघेषु मेघाः प्रविभान्ति सक्ताः
दवाग्नि दग्धेषु दवाग्नि दग्धाः
शैलेषु
शैला इव बद्ध मूलाः

nīleṣu nīlā nava vāri pūrṇā
megheṣu meghāḥ pravibhānti saktāḥ
davāgni dagdheṣu davāgni dagdhāḥ
śaileṣu
śailā iva baddha mūlāḥ

SYNONYMS

vords employed: nīleṣu: niilaa - nava - vaari - puurNaa - megheSu - meghaaH - pravibhaanti - saktaaH - davaagni - dagdheSu - davaagni - dagdhaaH - shaileSu - shailaa - iva - baddha - muulaaH | meanings: nīleṣu megheṣu: among swarthy, clouds | saktā = attaced: docked | nava vāri pūṇā: with new, water, full of | nīlaḥ meghāḥ: swarthily, clouds | davāgni dagdheṣu śaileṣu: by forest fire, burnt, among mountains | baddha mūlāḥ: wedged, at bases | davāgni dagdhāḥ śailāḥ iva: by forest fire, burnt, mountains, like | prabhānti: shining forth. |

TRANSLATION

"When the swarthy clouds full with new waters are docking among swarthily clouds, they are shining forth like mountains burnt by wildfire docking among other mountains that are already burnt by wildfire, both moored at mountain-bases. [3-28-40]

VERSE 41

प्रमत्त संनाददित बर्हिणानि
स शक्रगोप अकुल शाद्वलानि
चरन्ति नीप अर्जुन वासितानि
गजाः सुरम्याणि
वन अन्तराणि

pramatta saṃnādadita barhiṇāni
sa śakragopa akula śādvalāni
caranti nīpa arjuna vāsitāni
gajāḥ suramyāṇi
vana antarāṇi

SYNONYMS

gajāḥ = elephants: are moving where | pramatta samnādadita barhiṇāni: voluptuously, well, screaming, peahens | sa śakragopa akula śādvalāni: with, red-beetles, overspread, pasturelands | nīpa arjuna vāsitāni: by Niipa, Arjuna flowers, fragranced | su ramyāṇi vana antarāṇi: in verily, pleasant, forest, interiors | caranti: [elephants are] moving. |

TRANSLATION

"Elephants are moving about the very pleasant interiors of forests where peahens are voluptuously screaming, pasturelands are overspread with red-beetles, and where they are fragranced with the flowers of Niipa and Arjuna trees. [3-28-41]

VERSE 42

नव अंबु धार आहत केसराणि
द्रुतम् परित्यज्य सरोरुहाणि
कदंब पुष्पाणि स केसराणि
नवानि हृष्टा
भ्रमराः पिबन्ति

nava aṃbu dhāra āhata kesarāṇi
drutam parityajya saroruhāṇi
kadaṃba puṣpāṇi sa kesarāṇi
navāni hṛṣṭā
bhramarāḥ pibanti

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Lashed are the fibrils of lotuses with the downpour of new waters, hence quickly leaving them off the joyful honeybees are quaffing the Kadamba flowers with new fibrils. [3-28-42]

VERSE 43

मत्ता गजेन्द्रा मुदिता गवेन्द्रा
वनेषु विक्रांततरा मृगेन्द्राः
रम्या नगेन्द्रा निभृता नरेन्द्राः
प्रक्रीडितो
वारि धरैः सुरेन्द्रः

mattā gajendrā muditā gavendrā
vaneṣu vikrāṃtatarā mṛgendrāḥ
ramyā nagendrā nibhṛtā narendrāḥ
prakrīḍito
vāri dharaiḥ surendraḥ

SYNONYMS

gaja indrā mattā: elephants, lordly ones, are ruttish | vaneṣu: in forests | gava indrā muditā: bulls, lordly ones, are delighted | mṛga indrāḥ vikrānta tarā = of animals, lordly ones: lions, are triumphant, to a better degree | naga indrā ramyā: mountains, lordly ones, are heart-pleasing | nara indrāḥ: peoples, lords of | nibhṛtā = vithdraving: from conquests | sura indraḥ: gods, lord | vāri dharaiḥ pra krīḍitaḥ: with water, carries [clouds,] well, playing. |

TRANSLATION

"In forests lordly elephants are ruttish, ideal bulls that are delighted, peerless lions are triumphant to a better degree, lofty mountains are heart-pleasant, lords of people are withdrawing from their campaigns, and the lord of gods, Indra, is playing well with water giving clouds. [3-28-43]

VERSE 44

मेघाः समुद् भूत समुद्र नादा
महाजल ओघैः गगन अवलंबाः
नदीः तटाकानि सरांसि वापिः
महीम्
च कृत्स्नाम् अपवाहयन्ति

meghāḥ samud bhūta samudra nādā
mahājala oghaiḥ gagana avalaṃbāḥ
nadīḥ taṭākāni sarāṃsi vāpiḥ
mahīm
ca kṛtsnām apavāhayanti

SYNONYMS

mahā jala oghaiḥ: with great, waters, streams | sam ud dhūta samudra nādā = verily, over, throvn: spurning, ocean's, boom | gagana avalambāḥ = on skies, dangling: soaring | meghāḥ: clouds | nadīḥ taṭākāni sarāmsi vāpiḥ: rivers, lakes, pools, tanks | kṛtsnām mahīm ca: entire, earth, also | apa vāhayanti = making to outflov: inundating. |

TRANSLATION

"The clouds having torrential water are soaring the sky, and spurning the booms of oceans with their rumbles they are inundating rivers, lakes, pools, tanks and even the earth. [3-28-44]

VERSE 45

वर्ष प्रवेगा विपुला पतन्ति
प्रवान्ति वाताः समुदीर्ण वेगाः
प्रनष्ट कूलाः प्रवहन्ति शीघ्रम्
नद्यो
जलम् विप्रतिपन्न मार्गाः

varṣa pravegā vipulā patanti
pravānti vātāḥ samudīrṇa vegāḥ
pranaṣṭa kūlāḥ pravahanti śīghram
nadyo
jalam vipratipanna mārgāḥ

SYNONYMS

vipulā varṣa pravegā patanti: substantially, rains, speedily, falling | samudīrṇa vegāḥ vātāḥ pravānti: intensified, in speediness, gales, are blowing | pra naṣṭa kūlāḥ = verily, damaged: eroded, having riverbanks | vi pratipanna mārgāḥ = contradictory, having their course: out of ordinary course, far afield | nadyaḥ: rivers | śīghram jalam pravahanti: speedily, water, conducting. |

TRANSLATION

"Rains are falling substantially and speedily, gales are blowing intensified in their speediness, while rivers are conducting water speedily over their eroded riverbanks and far afield of their course. [3-28-45]

VERSE 46

नरैः नरेन्द्रा इव पर्वतेन्द्राः
सुरेन्द्र नीतैः पवन उपनीतैः
घन अंबु कुम्भैः अभिषिच्यमाना
रूपम् श्रियम् स्वाम् इव दर्शयन्ति

naraiḥ narendrā iva parvatendrāḥ
surendra nītaiḥ pavana upanītaiḥ
ghana aṃbu kumbhaiḥ abhiṣicyamānā
rūpam śriyam svām iva darśayanti

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Lords of people will be anointed by people with water carried in pots on their shoulders, and then those kings show their propitious aspect of a humanly king with applied divinity, whereas the lords of mountains are being anointed with the water sent directly by Indra and hitherto wafted straight by Air-god in the pots called black-clouds, thus these lordly mountains are standing alone as if showing their grandeur and divinity on earth. [3-28-46]

VERSE 47

घन उपगूढम् गगनम् न तारा
न भास्करो दर्शनम् अभ्युपैति
नवैः जल ओघैः धरणी वितृप्ता
तमो विलिप्ता न दिशः प्रकाशाः

ghana upagūḍham gaganam na tārā
na bhāskaro darśanam abhyupaiti
navaiḥ jala oghaiḥ dharaṇī vitṛptā
tamo viliptā na diśaḥ prakāśāḥ

SYNONYMS

gaganam ghana upa gūḍham: sky is, by clouds, closely, enshrouded | bhāskaraḥ darśanam na abhyupaiti = sun, to sī, not, getting around: imperceivable | tārā na = stars, not: seen | dharaṇī navaiḥ jala oghaiḥ: earth, with new, water, torrents | vi tṛptā: fully, satiated | tamaḥ vi liptā diśaḥ na prakāśāḥ: by obscurity, verily, swathed, precincts, not, illuminated. |

TRANSLATION

"Sky is closely enshrouded with clouds, neither sun nor stars are getting around for a glimpse, earth is fully satiated with the torrents of new water, enswathed in obscurity the precincts are unilluminated... [3-28-47]

PURPORT

The statement of 'obscurity and illumination' is suggestive of the Vedic import tamasomaa jyotirgamaya 'from darkness lead me unto light...' When the earth itself is satisfied with the gift of nature the earthlings are still hankering after inaccessible desires, thus they cycle through the karmic cycle.

VERSE 48

महान्ति कूटानि मही धराणाम्
धारा विधौतानि अधिकम् विभान्ति
महा प्रमाणैः विपुलैः प्रपातैः
मुक्त
कलापैः इव लंबमानैः

mahānti kūṭāni mahī dharāṇām
dhārā vidhautāni adhikam vibhānti
mahā pramāṇaiḥ vipulaiḥ prapātaiḥ
mukta
kalāpaiḥ iva laṃbamānaiḥ

SYNONYMS

mahī dharāṇām = by earth, born ones: of mountains | dhārā vi dhautāni: by torrents, clearly washed | mahānti kūṭāni: paramount, pinnacles | lambamānaiḥ: pendulous | mukta kalāpaiḥ iva: pearl's, necklaces, as if | mahā pramāṇaiḥ vipulaiḥ pra pātaiḥ = of large, volume: voluminous, widespread, that pitches down - torrential rains |

TRANSLATION

"The paramount pinnacles of the mountains are thoroughly washed by the torrential rains and are shining forth surpassingly, and the voluminous and widespread torrents that are pitching down are like the pearly necklaces pendulous on the chests of mountains. [3-28-48]

VERSE 49

शैलोपल प्रस्खलमान वेगाः
शैलोत्तमानाम् विपुलाः प्रपाताः
गुहासु संनादित बर्हिणासु
हारा विकीर्यन्त
इव अवभान्ति

śailopala praskhalamāna vegāḥ
śailottamānām vipulāḥ prapātāḥ
guhāsu saṃnādita barhiṇāsu
hārā vikīryanta
iva avabhānti

SYNONYMS

śaila upala pra skhalamāna vegāḥ: on mountain, stones, verily, falling, speedily | vipulāḥ prapātāḥ: widespread, torrents | śaila uttamānām: on mountain, lofty ones | samnādita barhiṇāsu = that are vith: highly screaming, peacocks | guhāsu: caves | hārā vi kīryanta iva ava bhānti: lavalieres, strewn around, like, well, gleaming. |

TRANSLATION

"Washing the mountain stones speedily the torrents on the lofty mountains are widespread and entering the caves, in which peacocks are highly screaming, and thus they are in the gleam of lavalieres strewn around. [3-28-49]

PURPORT

The mountain rapids are running helter-skelter on the mountain washing the boulders speedily. But the boulders according to their nature obstruct these rapids. When obstructed they have the only recourse to enter the nearest cave. The caves by then are already full with screaming and colourful peacocks. Adding to the lustre of those peacock's variegated colours, the pearly-white water has also entered the caves. Then these three, pearly water, colourful peacocks, blackish caves are giving out sparkles of their own, like necklaces studded with many colourful gems, and if many such pendants are strewn around, each of its studded stone emits its own colour.

VERSE 50

शीघ्र प्रवेगा विपुलाः प्रपाता
निर्धौत शृंग उपतला गिरीणाम्
मुक्ता कलाप प्रतिमाः पतन्तो
महा गुह
उस्त्संग तलैः ध्रियन्ते

śīghra pravegā vipulāḥ prapātā
nirdhauta śṛṃga upatalā girīṇām
muktā kalāpa pratimāḥ patanto
mahā guha
ustsaṃga talaiḥ dhriyante

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"On neatly washing the crests of wide mountains and their nearby planes, the high-speeded waterfalls are falling like pearl-necklaces and the mountains are wearing them at the planes of their cavernous caves. [3-28-50]

PURPORT

The mountains are noblemen in simile. The mountain rapids are pearly-necklaces firstly falling around their necks, and then drooping onto their chests, thus culminating at their locket-position, i.e., at the caves, on the chest of mountains. Those caves are glittering with the colours of peacocks, pearly water and blackish caves. Thus the utsanga 'heart of hearts...' these noblemen's hearts of hearts are covered with such necklaces and lockets.

VERSE 51

सुरताम् अर्द विच्छिन्नाः स्वर्ग स्त्री हार मौक्तिकाः
पतन्ति च अतुलाः दिक्षु तोय धाराः समन्ततः

suratām arda vicchinnāḥ svarga strī hāra mauktikāḥ
patanti ca atulāḥ dikṣu toya dhārāḥ samantataḥ

SYNONYMS

suratām arda vicchinnāḥ: in lovemaking, in friction, broke apart | svarga strī hāra mauktikāḥ: heavenly, females', strings, of pearls | atulāḥ toya dhārāḥ: excellent, water, streams | samantataḥ dikśu: all over, in directions | patanti: are falling. |

TRANSLATION

"Like the strings of pearls of heavenly females plopping down when broken in the friction of lovemaking, excellent streams of water are falling all over and in all directions. [3-28-51]

VERSE 52

विलीयमानैः विहगैः निमीलद्भिः च पंकजैः
विकसन्त्या च मालत्या गतो अस्तम् ज्ञायते रविः

vilīyamānaiḥ vihagaiḥ nimīladbhiḥ ca paṃkajaiḥ
vikasantyā ca mālatyā gato astam jñāyate raviḥ

SYNONYMS

vilīyamānaiḥ vihagaiḥ = by croucing in: returning to nests, of birds | nimīladbhiḥ pankajaiḥ ca: doubling up, with lotuses, also | vikasantyā mālatyā ca: blooming up, of Jasmine flowers, also with | raviḥ astam gataḥ jñāyate: sun, into dusk, gone, known to be. |

TRANSLATION

"With the return of birds to nests, doubling up of lotuses, and blooming up jasmines, the sun is know to have gone into dusk. [3-28-52]

VERSE 53

वृत्ता यात्रा नरेन्द्राणाम् सेना पथि एव वर्तते
वैराणि चैव मार्गाः च सलिलेन समीकृताः

vṛttā yātrā narendrāṇām senā pathi eva vartate
vairāṇi caiva mārgāḥ ca salilena samīkṛtāḥ

SYNONYMS

nara indrāṇām yātrā vṛttā = people's, lords: of kings, campaigns, reversed | senā pathi eva vartate = armies, on path, only, remaining: marooned | salilena: by water | vairāṇi caiva mārgāḥ ca: conflicts, and also, roadways | samīkṛtāḥ = evened out: neutralised. |

TRANSLATION

"Reversed are the campaigns of kings as the armies are marooned and thus rainwater has neutralised conflicts and roadways. [3-28-53]

VERSE 54

मासि प्रौष्ठपदे ब्रह्म ब्राह्मणानाम् विवक्षताम्
अयम् अध्याय समयः सामगानाम् उपस्थितः

māsi prauṣṭhapade brahma brāhmaṇānām vivakṣatām
ayam adhyāya samayaḥ sāmagānām upasthitaḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"The month of Bhaadrapada, August-September, is the time for learning the singing of Sama Veda, and this is the time that has come for those Brahmans who concern themselves for learning the singing of Sama Veda. [3-28-54]

PURPORT

During this time a vow called caatur maasya vrata will be observed by all adherers of Veda-s, and during this time young celibates are initiated into Vedic studies which commences on bhaadrapada shukla tR^itiiya 'third day in the white-fortnight of this Bhaadrapada month.'

VERSE 55

निवृत्त कर्म आयतनो नूनम् संचित संचयः
आषाढीम् अभ्युपगतो भरतः कोसल अधिपः

nivṛtta karma āyatano nūnam saṃcita saṃcayaḥ
āṣāḍhīm abhyupagato bharataḥ kosala adhipaḥ

SYNONYMS

nivṛtta karma āyatanaḥ: one who has carried out, affairs, domestic | sancita sancayaḥ: garnering, goods | kosala adhipaḥ bharataḥ: Kosala's, king, Bharata | āṣāḍhīm = full mūn day: pertaining to aaSaadha month | abhyupagataḥ = reaced: undertaken | nūnam: definitely. |

TRANSLATION

"On carrying out all the domestic affairs and completely garnering the goods for rainy season, Bharata, the king of Kosala, might have definitely undertaken the 'four-month-vow' on the full moon day of aSaaDha month. [3-28-55]

VERSE 56

नूनम् आपूर्यमाणायाः सरय्वा वधते रयः
माम् समीक्ष्य समायान्तम् अयोध्याया इव स्वनः

nūnam āpūryamāṇāyāḥ sarayvā vadhate rayaḥ
mām samīkṣya samāyāntam ayodhyāyā iva svanaḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Definitely the River Sarayu must be overfilling and its swashing must be mounting as with the commotion of Ayodhya on beholding my returning to city. [3-28-56]

PURPORT

Ayodhya and its people used to create hubbubs whenever Rama used to return to city after his short trips to outside. Such is the affection of the inmates of Ayodhya to Rama, and now Rama is reminiscing that hubbub of people and swashing of Sarayu, as both soundalike.

VERSE 57

इमाः स्फीत गुणा वर्षाः सुग्रीवः सुखम् अश्नुते
विजित अरिः स दारः च राज्ये महति च स्थितः

imāḥ sphīta guṇā varṣāḥ sugrīvaḥ sukham aśnute
vijita ariḥ sa dāraḥ ca rājye mahati ca sthitaḥ

SYNONYMS

vi jita ariḥ = one vho has: verily, conquered, enemy - Sugreeva on conquering Vali | sa dāraḥ ca: with, wife, also | mahati rājye sthitaḥ ca: in an admirable, kingdom, instituted | sugrīvaḥ: Sugreeva | sphīta guṇā imāḥ varṣāḥ = that have: manifold, merits - inbuilt facilities, these, rains - in rainy season | sukham aśnute = lukṣuries, he partakes: he luxuriate in. |

TRANSLATION

"This rainy season as such has manifold inbuilt facilities for self-contained entertainment, so Sugreeva must be luxuriating in them, besides, revelling for conquering his enemy, regaining his wife, and instituting himself as a king of an admirable kingdom. [3-28-57]

VERSE 58

अहम् तु हृत दारः च राज्यात् च महतः च्युतः
नदी कूलम् इव क्लिन्नम् अवसीदामि लक्ष्मण

aham tu hṛta dāraḥ ca rājyāt ca mahataḥ cyutaḥ
nadī kūlam iva klinnam avasīdāmi lakṣmaṇa

SYNONYMS

lakṣmaṇa: Lakshmana | hṛta dāraḥ ca: with stolen, wife | mahataḥ rājyāt cyutaḥ ca = from a great, kingdom, fallen: toppled from | aham tu = ī am, on my part: as for me | klinnam nadī kūlam iva = vetted: toppled over, river, bank, like | avasīdāmi: I am sinking down. |

TRANSLATION

"As for me, Lakshmana, I am the one who is toppled from a great kingdom, whose wife is stolen, such as I am, I am toppling down like a riverbank that is toppled over. [3-28-58]

VERSE 59

शोकः च मम विस्तीर्णो वर्षाः च भृश दुर्गमाः
रावणः च महान् शत्रुः अपारम् प्रतिभाति मे

śokaḥ ca mama vistīrṇo varṣāḥ ca bhṛśa durgamāḥ
rāvaṇaḥ ca mahān śatruḥ apāram pratibhāti me

SYNONYMS

mama śokaḥ ca vistīrṇaḥ: my, anguish, is also, boundless | varṣāḥ ca bhṛśa dur gamāḥ = rains, also, definitely, not, passable: pathways are impassable | rāvaṇaḥ ca mahān śatruḥ: Ravana is, but, formidable, enemy | me: to me | a pāram = not, possible to cross over: not, negotiable - insurmountable obstacles | pratibhāti: appears, to me. |

TRANSLATION

"Also my anguish is boundless, the rains have definitely made the pathways impassable, my enemy Ravana is a formidable one, thus these three appear to me as insurmountable obstacles. [3-28-59]

VERSE 60

अयात्राम् चैव दृष्ट्वा इमाम् मार्गाम् च भृश दुर्गमान्
प्रणते चैव सुग्रीवे न मया किंचित् ईरितम्

ayātrām caiva dṛṣṭvā imām mārgām ca bhṛśa durgamān
praṇate caiva sugrīve na mayā kiṃcit īritam

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Though Sugreeva is very humble to embark on a campaign, visualising the rainy season as an impossible one for any campaign, and even the pathways are rendered highly impassable I have not said anything to him in the affirmative. [3-28-60]

VERSE 61

अपि च अति परिक्लिष्टम् चिरात् दारैः समागतम्
आत्म कार्य गरीयस्त्वात् वक्तुम् न इच्छामि वानरम्

api ca ati parikliṣṭam cirāt dāraiḥ samāgatam
ātma kārya garīyastvāt vaktum na icchāmi vānaram

SYNONYMS

api ca: even, so | ati pari kliṣṭam = muc, entirely, difficulties: that Sugreeva has undergone | cirāt dāraiḥ samāgatam: after a long while, with wife, united with | vānaram: to such vanara | ātma kārya garīyastvāt: our, work, owing to loftiness of due to magnitude involved in our task | vaktum na icchāmi: to speak [insist,] not, I desired. |

TRANSLATION

"Even Sugreeva has undergone many difficulties in their entirety, after a long while he is united with his wife, and even owing to the magnitude involved in our task of tracking down Ravana I did not desire to insist on that monkey. [3-28-61]

VERSE 62

स्वयम् एव हि विश्रम्य ज्ञात्वा कालम् उपागतम्
उपकारम् च सुग्रीवो वेत्स्यते न अत्र संशयः

svayam eva hi viśramya jñātvā kālam upāgatam
upakāram ca sugrīvo vetsyate na atra saṃśayaḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"After a respite Sugreeva will realise on his own that the time has come, and he will also realise the he has something to requite, isn't it! So, there needn't be any doubt in that matter. [3-28-62]

VERSE 63

तस्मात् काल प्रतीक्षो अहम् स्थितो अस्मि शुभ लक्षण
सुग्रीवस्य नदीनाम् च प्रसादम् अभिकांक्षयन्

tasmāt kāla pratīkṣo aham sthito asmi śubha lakṣaṇa
sugrīvasya nadīnām ca prasādam abhikāṃkṣayan

SYNONYMS

śubha lakṣaṇa: oh, one with felicitous aspect, Lakshmana | tasmāt: therefore | aham: I am | sugrīvasya nadīnām ca: of Sugreeva, of rivers, also | prasādam abhikānkśayan: generosity, expectant of | sthitaḥ kāla pratīkṣaḥ asmi: abiding, time, looking forward to, I am. |

TRANSLATION

"I therefore stay abidingly looking forward for the time, oh, Lakshmana with felicitous aspects, expectant of the generosity of Sugreeva and of these rivers. [3-28-63]

VERSE 64

उपकारेण वीरो हि प्रतिकारेण युज्यते
अकृतज्ञो अप्रतिकृतो हन्ति सत्त्ववताम् मनः

upakāreṇa vīro hi pratikāreṇa yujyate
akṛtajño apratikṛto hanti sattvavatām manaḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"A valiant one who is succoured will be indebted with some requital on his part, but besides being unfaithful, if one who does not make requital for all the favours done in his interest, he will be wounding the hearts of soft-hearted people." Rama said so to Lakshmana, keeping Sugreeva in view. [3-28-64]

VERSE 65

अथ एवम् उक्तः प्रणिधाय लक्ष्मणः
कृत अंजलिः तत् प्रतिपूज्य भाषितम्
उवाच रामम् स्वभिराम दर्शनम्
प्रदर्शयन् दर्शनम् आत्मनः शुभम्

atha evam uktaḥ praṇidhāya lakṣmaṇaḥ
kṛta aṃjaliḥ tat pratipūjya bhāṣitam
uvāca rāmam svabhirāma darśanam
pradarśayan darśanam ātmanaḥ śubham

SYNONYMS

lakśmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana | tat eva = that, alone: what Rama said about their waiting for cessation of rains | yuktam praṇidhāya: as candid, visualising | kṛta anjali: making, adjoined-palms | tat bhāṣitam pratipūjaya = that, vhat is said by ṟama, honouring: praisefully | ātmanaḥ śubham darśanam pradarśayan: his own, opportune, viewpoint, to clarify | sva abhi rāma darśanam = one vith his: own, best, delightful, aspect - Rama | rāmam uvāca: to Rama, said. |

TRANSLATION

Visualising what Rama said about their waiting for pre-winter season to be candid, and praisefully making palm-fold at that determination of Rama, and even to clarify his own opportune viewpoint, Lakshmana spoke to Rama who by his own aspect is a delightful one for a ken. [3-28-65]

VERSE 66

इति वाल्मीकि रामायणे आदि काव्ये किष्किन्ध काण्डे अष्ट विंशः सर्गः

iti vālmīki rāmāyaṇe ādi kāvye kiṣkindha kāṇḍe aṣṭa viṃśaḥ sargaḥ

SYNONYMS

TRANSLATION

"Oh, lord of people, Sugreeva will be effectuating everything you have desired and said, not later but soon, hence awaiting autumn you may please bear up these heavy rainfalls, besides bearing with the idea of disciplining the enemy." So said Lakshmana to Rama. [3-28-66]

PURPORT

The last three verses are a repeat of 45, 46, and 47th verses of Ch 27 of this Kishkindha kaanda. Many of the verses in this canto bear the blemish of interpolations.