Chapter 72

Bala Kanda - Book Of Youthful Majesties

VERSE 1

तम् उक्तवंतम् वैदेहम् विश्ह्वामित्रो महामुनिः
उवाछ वछनम् वीरम् वसिष्ह्ठ सहितो नृपम्

tam uktavaṃtam vaideham viśhvāmitro mahāmuniḥ
uvācha vachanam vīram vasiṣhṭha sahito nṛpam

SYNONYMS

mahāmuniḥ viśvāmitraḥ: eminent-saint, Vishvamitra | vasiṣṭha sahitaḥ: Vashishta, together with | uktavantam: to one who said [about his lineage, Janaka] | vīram: valiant one | tam vaideham nṛpam = to him, Videha, king: Janaka | uvāca vacanam: said, words. |

TRANSLATION

Then the eminent-saint Vishvamitra together with Vashishta said these words to Janaka, the valiant king of Videha, who has just said about his lineage. [1-72-1]

VERSE 2

अछिंत्यानि अप्रमेयाणि कुलानि नरपुंगव
इक्ष्ह्वाकूणाम् विदेहानाम् न एष्हाम् तुल्यो अस्ति कश्ह्छन

achiṃtyāni aprameyāṇi kulāni narapuṃgava
ikṣhvākūṇām videhānām na eṣhām tulyo asti kaśhchana

SYNONYMS

narapungava: oh, best one among men | ikṣvākūṇām videhānām: of Ikshvaku-s, of Videha-s | kulāni: dynasties | a cintyāni: not, imaginably [admirable] | a prameyāṇi: not, measurably [distinguished] | eṣām tulyaḥ = to them: kings of dynasties, comparable king | kaścana: anyone | na asti: not, is there. |

TRANSLATION

"The Ikshvaku-s and Videha-s are unimaginably admirable and immeasurably distinguished dynasties, oh, Janaka, the best one among all men, there is no single king comparable to one from these dynasties... [1-72-2]

VERSE 3

सदृश्हो धर्म संबन्धः सदृश्हो रूप संपदा
राम लक्ष्ह्मणयो राजन् सीता छ ऊर्मिलया सह

sadṛśho dharma saṃbandhaḥ sadṛśho rūpa saṃpadā
rāma lakṣhmaṇayo rājan sītā cha ūrmilayā saha

SYNONYMS

rājan: oh, king | ūrmilayā saha sītā: Urmila, with, Seetha | rāma lakṣmaṇayoḥ: to Rama, Lakshmana | sadṛśaḥ: behovely | dharma sambandhaḥ: righteous, alliance [espousal for dynastical prestige] | rūpa sampadā sadṛśaḥ ca: by winsome, charms [of brides and bridegrooms,] befitting, even. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, king Janaka, these espousals of Seetha with Rama and Urmila with Lakshmana is behovely to each other's dynastical prestige and even it is befitting to the winsome charms of the brides and bridegrooms, but that being so... [1-72-3]

VERSE 4

वक्तव्यम् छ नर श्ह्रेष्ह्ठ श्ह्रूयताम् वछनम् मम
भ्राता यवीयान् धर्मज्ञ एष्ह राजा कुश्हध्वजः

vaktavyam cha nara śhreṣhṭha śhrūyatām vachanam mama
bhrātā yavīyān dharmajña eṣha rājā kuśhadhvajaḥ

SYNONYMS

nara śreṣṭha: oh, man, the best [grand sire, that being so] | mama vaktavyam ca: by me, mentionable [advisable,] also | vacanam śrūyatām: words, be heard | yavīyān bhrātā: younger, brother | eṣa rājā kuśadhvajaḥ: this, king, Kushadhvaja | dharma jñaḥ: probity, at home in. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, grand sire, you may listen to my words of advise... this younger brother of yours, king Kushadhvaja, is at home in every kind of probity... [1-72-4]

VERSE 5

अस्य धर्मात्मनो राजन् रूपेण अप्रतिमम् भुवि
सुता द्वयम् नरश्ह्रेष्ह्ठ पत्नि अर्थम् वरयामहे

asya dharmātmano rājan rūpeṇa apratimam bhuvi
sutā dvayam naraśhreṣhṭha patni artham varayāmahe

SYNONYMS

rājan: oh, king | naraśreṣṭha: oh, grand sire, Janaka | rūpeṇa bhuvi a pratimam: by looks, in world, not, matchable [nonpareil] | asya dharmātmanaḥ: of this, right-minded [Kushadhvaja's] | sutā dvayam: daughters, pair of | patni artham varayāmahe: wife for the purpose of[to pair off with Bharata and Shatrughna,] we choose. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, king, the pair of daughters of this right-minded Kushadhvaja is nonpareil in comeliness in this world, hence, oh, grand sire, we choose to pair them off with Bharata and Shatrughna... [1-72-5]

VERSE 6

भरतस्य कुमारस्य श्हत्रुघ्नस्य छ धीमतः
वरयेम सुते राजन् तयोः अर्थे महात्मनोः

bharatasya kumārasya śhatrughnasya cha dhīmataḥ
varayema sute rājan tayoḥ arthe mahātmanoḥ

SYNONYMS

rājan: oh, king | kumārasya: young man | bharatasya: for Bharata | dhīmataḥ śatrughnasya ca: smart, for Shatrughna, even | mahātmanoḥ tayoḥ arthe: right-minded [honourable ones,] for their, sake | sute varayema: [brothers] daughters, we opt. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, king, for the sake of those two honourable boys, for that young man Bharata and for that smart man Shatrughna, we opt your brother's daughters... [1-72-6]

VERSE 7

पुत्रा दश्हरथस्य इमे रूप यौवन श्हालिनः
लोक पाल समाः सर्वे देव तुल्य पराक्रमाः

putrā daśharathasya ime rūpa yauvana śhālinaḥ
loka pāla samāḥ sarve deva tulya parākramāḥ

SYNONYMS

ime daśarathasya putrāḥ: these, Dasharatha's [four] sons | sarve: all | rūpa yauvana śālinaḥ: handsome, youthfulness, having | loka pāla samāḥ: world, rulers, equal to | deva tulya parākramāḥ: god [Vishnu's valour,] vie with, valorous ones. |

TRANSLATION

"All these four sons of Dasharatha have handsomeness and youthfulness, and they are equal to the four rulers of the world from four quarters, and their valour vies with the valour of God Vishnu... [1-72-7]

VERSE 8

उभयोः अपि राजेन्द्र संबन्धेन अनुबध्यताम्
इक्ष्ह्वाकु कुलम् अव्यग्रम् भवतः पुण्य कर्मणः

ubhayoḥ api rājendra saṃbandhena anubadhyatām
ikṣhvāku kulam avyagram bhavataḥ puṇya karmaṇaḥ

SYNONYMS

rājendra: oh, best king | ikṣvāku [kulam]: Ikshvaku's, [is the impeccable dynasty] | puṇya karmaṇaḥ bhavataḥ [kulam] api = [having] pious, dīds, your [dynasty, ] as vell: is an immaculate one | ubhayoḥ: both, | kulam: dynasty | sambandhena avyagram anubadhyatām: by alliance [wed-locks], not, loosely [compactly,] let them be interlocked. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, best king, let both theses dynasties of yours, the impeccable dynasty of Ikshvaku-s and the immaculate dynasty of yours as well, be interlocked by these wedlock-s..." Thus Vishvamitra advised Janaka. [1-72-8]

VERSE 9

विश्ह्वामित्र वछः श्ह्रुत्वा वसिष्ह्ठस्य मते तदा
जनकः प्रांजलिः वाक्यम् उवाछ मुनिपुंगवौ

viśhvāmitra vachaḥ śhrutvā vasiṣhṭhasya mate tadā
janakaḥ prāṃjaliḥ vākyam uvācha munipuṃgavau

SYNONYMS

tadā: then | vasiṣṭhasya mate [sthivā]: Vashishta's, concurrence [abiding with] | viśvāmitra vacaḥ śrutvā: Vishvamitra's, words, on hearing | janakaḥ prānjaliḥ: Janaka, with adjoined palms[ reverently] | munipungavau = to tvo eminent: saints - Vishvamitra and Vashishta | vākyam uvāca: sentence, said. |

TRANSLATION

On hearing the words of Vishvamitra that have the concurrence of Vashishta then Janaka reverently said this to those two eminent-saints. [1-72-9]

VERSE 10

कुलम् धन्यम् इदम् मन्ये येष्हाम् तौ मुनिपुंगवौ
सदृश्हम् कुल संबन्धम् यत् आज्ञापयथः स्वयम्

kulam dhanyam idam manye yeṣhām tau munipuṃgavau
sadṛśham kula saṃbandham yat ājñāpayathaḥ svayam

SYNONYMS

yeṣām: by which | [naḥ: for us] | sadṛśam: befitting | kula sambandham: dynastical, alliance | tau munipungavau: you two, eminent-saints | svayam: personally | yat: by which reason | ājñāpayathaḥ = you order: you bid fair | idam: this dynasty | kulam dhanyam manye: dynasty [of mine,] highly honoured, I opine. |

TRANSLATION

"By which reason you two eminent-saints personally bid fair to this befitting proposal, thereby I opine that my dynasty is highly honoured... [1-72-10]

VERSE 11

एवम् भवतु भद्रम् वः कुश्हध्वज सुते इमे
पत्न्यौ भजेताम् सहितौ श्हत्रुघ्न भरतौ उभौ

evam bhavatu bhadram vaḥ kuśhadhvaja sute ime
patnyau bhajetām sahitau śhatrughna bharatau ubhau

SYNONYMS

evam bhavatu: so, be it | vaḥ bhadram: you, be safe | ime kuśadhvaja sute: these, Kushadhvaja's, daughters | sahitau: being together [brothers in perfect accord, paired brothers] | śatrughna bharatau: to Shatrughna Bharata | ubhau: two of them | patnyau bhajetām: as wives, they devout themelves. |

TRANSLATION

"So be it! Safe betides you all! Let the pair of Kushdhvaja's daughters, namely Maandavi, Shrutakiirti, devout themselves as a pair of wives to the paired brothers, namely Bharata and Shatrughna, respectively... [1-72-11]

VERSE 12

एक अह्ना राज पुत्रीणाम् छतसॄणाम् महामुने
पाणीन् गृह्णन्तु छत्वारो राज पुत्रा महाबलाः

eka ahnā rāja putrīṇām chatasṝṇām mahāmune
pāṇīn gṛhṇantu chatvāro rāja putrā mahābalāḥ

SYNONYMS

mahāmune: oh, eminent-saint Vishvamitra | mahābalāḥ: great mighty [mettlesome] | catvāraḥ rāja putrā: four, king's, sons | eka ahnā: in one, daylight | catasṝṇām rāja putrīṇām: four of the, king's, daughters | pāṇīn gṛhṇantu: hand, take into hand [i.e., marry the princesses, assume husband-ship.] |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, eminent-saint Vishvamitra, let the palms of four princesses be taken in the palms of these four mettlesome princes in marriage, in the light of one day... [1-72-12]

VERSE 13

उत्तरे दिवसे ब्रह्मन् फल्गुनीभ्याम् मनीष्हिणः
वैवाहिकम् प्रश्हंसन्ति भगो यत्र प्रजापतिः

uttare divase brahman phalgunībhyām manīṣhiṇaḥ
vaivāhikam praśhaṃsanti bhago yatra prajāpatiḥ

SYNONYMS

brahman: oh, Brahman | phalgunībhyām: in the day where both Phalguni stars are available | yatra: on which day | prajāpatiḥ bhagaḥ [devatā]: a deity for progeny, namely Bhaga [is the presiding deity] | uttare divase: later, day [later part of the day, or, when the star post-Phalguni is ruling] | vaivāhikam: for wedding [ceremonies on such a day] | manīṣiṇaḥ: savants | praśamsanti: acclaim. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, Brahman, the savants acclaim that part of the day as the best for wedding ceremonies when both of the pre-Phalguni and post-Phalguni stars are available, and on such a time where post-Phalguni is ruling, for which Bhaga is the presiding deity for progeny..." So said Janaka to the marriage party. [1-72-13]

PURPORT

There is a lot of commentary from the viewpoint of astrology regarding these stars and days of this marriage. Some have said that uttare divase 'on best day...' phalguni= puurva phalguni 'pre-Phalguni... on the best day under pre-Phalguni star...' which usually does not happen, but it is also said to be correct by Maheshvara Tiirtha, as the Moon will be in the 12th house at that time, so the marriage is agreeable...' However the stars for best results of marriages are: rohiNii mR^igashiirShyaNi uttara phalgunii svaati iti vivaahasya nakShatraaNi | bodhaayana suutraaNi
VERSE 14

एवम् उक्त्वा वछः सौंयम् प्रत्युत्थाय कृतांजलिः
उभौ मुनि वरौ राजा जनको वाक्यम् अब्रवीत्

evam uktvā vachaḥ sauṃyam pratyutthāya kṛtāṃjaliḥ
ubhau muni varau rājā janako vākyam abravīt

SYNONYMS

janakaḥ rājā: Janaka, king | evam saumyam vacaḥ uktvā: thus, gracious, words, on saying | prati utthāya: in turn, getting up [from throne] | kṛtānjaliḥ: reverently | ubhau muni varau: to both, saints, eminent | vākyam abravīt: sentence, said. |

TRANSLATION

On saying those gracious words thus, king Janaka got up from his throne and coming nigh of both of the eminent-saints, Vishvamitra and Vashishta, reverently said this sentence. [1-72-14]

VERSE 15

परो धर्मः कृतो मह्यम् श्हिष्ह्यो अस्मि भवतोः सदा
इमानि आसन मुख्यानि आस्यताम् मुनिपुंगवौ

paro dharmaḥ kṛto mahyam śhiṣhyo asmi bhavatoḥ sadā
imāni āsana mukhyāni āsyatām munipuṃgavau

SYNONYMS

mahyam paraḥ dharmaḥ kṛtaḥ: in my respect, excellent, kind deed [beau geste,] is done | sadā bhavatoḥ śiṣyaḥ asmi = for ever, of yours, proselyte, ī am: I remain | munipungavau: oh, eminent-saints | imāni āsana mukhyāni: these, seats, important [thrones] | āsyatām: take a seat [preside over.] |

TRANSLATION

"You two, oh, eminent-saints, have done an excellent generous act in my respect, thus I will ever remain your proselyte... you may please preside over these thrones, that of mine, my brother's, and that of Dasharatha... [1-72-15]

PURPORT

The kind deed done by the two sages, Vishvamitra and Vashishta, is fetching right husbands for his daughters, and for his brother's daughters, without flattening his own flatties. And this sitting on the three thrones is for assuming symbolic rulership on the three kingdoms, Ayodhya, Mithila, and Saamkaasya, in getting the marriages performed without a hitch.
VERSE 16

यथा दश्हरथस्य इयम् तथा अयोध्या पुरी मम
प्रभुत्वे न अस्ति सन्देहो यथा अर्हम् कर्तुम् अर्हथः

yathā daśharathasya iyam tathā ayodhyā purī mama
prabhutve na asti sandeho yathā arham kartum arhathaḥ

SYNONYMS

iyam: this [city Mithila] | daśarathasya: Dasharatha's yathaa = as to how it [belongs to] | ayodhyā purī mama tathā: Ayodhya, city, to me, likewise [Ayodhya belongs to me] | prabhutve sandehaḥ na asti: in governance, doubt not, is there, [no need for hesitancy] | yathā arham kartum arhathaḥ: as per, aptness, to make happen, apt of you. |

TRANSLATION

"As to how this city Mithila appertains to Dasharatha, in the same way city of Ayodhya is mine... and there shall be no hesitancy for you two sages in governance on these three kingdoms, thus it will be apt of you to make the marriages happen as aptly as you can..." So said Janaka to the sages. [1-72-16]

VERSE 17

तथा ब्रुवति वैदेहे जनके रघु नंदनः
राजा दश्हरथो हृष्ह्टः प्रत्युवाछ मही पतिम्

tathā bruvati vaidehe janake raghu naṃdanaḥ
rājā daśharatho hṛṣhṭaḥ pratyuvācha mahī patim

SYNONYMS

vaidehe janake: Videha's, Janaka | tathā bruvati: in that way [in such a hobnobbing way,] while talking | raghu nandanaḥ rājā daśarathaḥ hṛṣṭaḥ: Raghu's, legatee, king, Dasharatha, is gladdened | mahī patim pratyuvāca: to king Janaka, replied. |

TRANSLATION

The legatee of Raghu-s king Dasharatha is gladdened while the legatee of Videha is talking in such a hobnobbing way, and he replied king Janaka in this way. [1-72-17]

VERSE 18

युवाम् असंख्येय गुणौ भ्रातरौ मिथिलेश्ह्वरौ
ऋष्हयो राज संघाः छ भवद्भ्याम् अभिपूजिताः

yuvām asaṃkhyeya guṇau bhrātarau mithileśhvarau
ṛṣhayo rāja saṃghāḥ cha bhavadbhyām abhipūjitāḥ

SYNONYMS

mithila īśvarau: oh, kings of Mithila [Kushadhvaja included] | bhrātarau: two brothers | yuvām: you both | a sankhyeya: not, estimable | guṇau: [good] manners | bhavadbhyām: by you [are garnered, treasured] | ṛṣayaḥ: sages | rāja sanghāḥ ca: kings', coteries, also | abhipūjitāḥ: reverenced. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, kings of Mithila, Janaka and Kushadhvaja, you two brothers have reverenced inestimable sages and coteries of kings, as such inestimable good manners are treasured in both of you... [1-72-18]

PURPORT

Annex: 'As said in good sayings like, 'good company and good discourse are the very sinews of virtue...' as such, your abilities in making these marriages happen will edge out our limited capabilities... and if we commit any mistake unwittingly, that may besmirch your unblemished personality, because for the first time I am marrying my sons, you shall pardon... by the way, you have performed many marriages, concluding that every bride is your own daughter-like, thus we hear... thus, your sitting complacently on intrusting all the works of marriages to us, is infeasible... so, you do all the works and we sit comfortably seeing the celebrations...'
VERSE 19

स्वस्ति प्राप्नुहि भद्रम् ते गमिष्ह्यामः स्वम् आलयम्
श्ह्राद्ध कर्माणि विधिवत् विधास्य इति छ अब्रवीत्

svasti prāpnuhi bhadram te gamiṣhyāmaḥ svam ālayam
śhrāddha karmāṇi vidhivat vidhāsya iti cha abravīt

SYNONYMS

svasti prāpnuhi: blessedness, gain [enjoy] | te bhadram: you be safe | svam ālayam gamiṣyāmaḥ: to our, to visitatorial-palace, we depart | śrāddha karmāṇi: tributary, rituals of | vidhivat: customarily | vidhāsya [vidhāsyāmi]: I will carry out | iti ca abravīt: thus, also, said. |

TRANSLATION

"Enjoy that blessedness! Let safe betide you! We now depart to our visitatorial-palace, and we shall customarily carry out the tributary rituals..." Dasharatha said thus. [1-72-19]

VERSE 20

तम् आपृष्ह्ट्वा नर पतिम् राजा दश्हरथः तदा
मुनीन्द्रौ तौ पुरस्कृत्य जगाम आश्हु महायश्हाः

tam āpṛṣhṭvā nara patim rājā daśharathaḥ tadā
munīndrau tau puraskṛtya jagāma āśhu mahāyaśhāḥ

SYNONYMS

tadā: then | mahāyaśāḥ rājā daśarathaḥ: highly renowned, king, Dasharatha | tam nara patim āpṛṣṭvā: him, sovereign [Janaka,] on seeking [leave of absence] | tau munīndrau puraskṛtya: both, eminent-saints, keeping afore | āśu jagāma: promptly, departed. |

TRANSLATION

On seeking leave of absence from the sovereign of people, Janaka, that highly renowned king Dasharatha promptly departed from there, keeping both of the eminent-saints afore, namely Vishvamitra and Vashishta. [1-72-20]

VERSE 21

स गत्वा निलयम् राजा श्ह्राद्धम् कृत्वा विधानतः
प्रभाते काल्यम् उत्थाय छक्रे गो दानम् उत्तमम्

sa gatvā nilayam rājā śhrāddham kṛtvā vidhānataḥ
prabhāte kālyam utthāya chakre go dānam uttamam

SYNONYMS

saḥ rājā: he that, king Dasharatha | nilayam gatvā: to visitatorial-palace, on going to | vidhānataḥ śrāddham kṛtvā: procedurally, tributary rituals, on undertaking | prabhāte: in [next] morning | utthāya: on getting up | kālyam: in opportune time | uttamam go dānam: in grand [way,] cow, donation [samaavartna, snaataka, initiatory rituals] | cakre: he carried out. |

TRANSLATION

King Dasharatha on going to his visitatorial-palace has procedurally undertaken the tributary rituals, and on getting up in the next morning, he carried out the initiatory rituals of marriages, in a grand way, in which donation of cows is a part. [1-72-21]

VERSE 22

गवाम् श्हत सहस्रम् छ ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नराधिपः
एक एकश्हो ददौ राजा पुत्रान् उद्धिश्ह्य धर्मतः

gavām śhata sahasram cha brāhmaṇebhyo narādhipaḥ
eka ekaśho dadau rājā putrān uddhiśhya dharmataḥ

SYNONYMS

narādhipaḥ rājā: lord of people, king Dasharatha | putrān: for sons | eka ekaśaḥ uddhiśya: each, to each [of four sons,] intended for | brāhmaṇebhyaḥ: to Brahmans | gavām: cows | śata sahasram ca: hundred, thousand, also | dharmataḥ dadau: righteously, he donated. |

TRANSLATION

That lord of people king Dasharatha has righteously donated hundred thousand cows to Brahman-s, in the name of each of his four sons. [1-72-22]

VERSE 23

सुवर्ण श्हृंगयः संपन्नाः स वत्साः कांस्य दोहनाः
गवाम् श्हत सहस्राणि छत्वारि पुरुष्ह ऋष्हभः

suvarṇa śhṛṃgayaḥ saṃpannāḥ sa vatsāḥ kāṃsya dohanāḥ
gavām śhata sahasrāṇi chatvāri puruṣha ṛṣhabhaḥ

SYNONYMS

-24| puruṣa ṛṣabhaḥ: man, the bullish [best one] | putra vatsalaḥ: sons, affectionate towards | raghu nandanaḥ: Raghu's, legatee | putrāṇām: sons' | go dānam uddiśya: cow, donation, intended for | suvarṇa śṛngayaḥ: golden casing, horns | [su] sampannāḥ: very abundant [milkers] | sa vatsāḥ: with, calves | kāmsya dohanāḥ: bell metal, with milking jugs | gavām: cows | catvāri: four | śata sahasrāṇi: hundred, thousands | anyat: other [kinds of] | su bahu vittam ca: very, many, assets, also | dvijebhyaḥ dadau: to Brahman-s, donated. |

TRANSLATION

In that cow donation ceremony intended for his sons, he that best one among men and the one who is affectionate towards his sons, Dasharatha, the legatee of Raghu-s, has donated on behalf of each of his sons, four hundred thousand cows, that are abundant milkers, and that have golden casings on their horns, and that are with their calves, and along with milking jugs made with bell metal, and he even donated very many other kinds of assets to Brahmans. [1-72-23, 24]

VERSE 25

इति वाल्मीकि रामायणे आदि काव्ये बाल काण्डे द्वि सप्ततितमः सर्गः

iti vālmīki rāmāyaṇe ādi kāvye bāla kāṇḍe dvi saptatitamaḥ sargaḥ

SYNONYMS

kṛta go dānaiḥ: having performed, cow, donation [samaavartna, snaataka, initiatory ceremonies] | sa sutaiḥ vṛtaḥ: with, sons, encircling [amidst] | saḥ nṛpatiḥ tadā: he, king, then | loka pālaiḥ vṛtaḥ: world, administrators [four principle deities presiding over the four quarters of world,] encircled | saumyaḥ prajāpatiḥ iva: serene, mankind's, overlord [Brahma,] like | ābhāti: shone forth. |

TRANSLATION

On performing the cow donations and samaavartna, snaataka , the initiatory ceremonies of his sons, as well, he that serene king Dasharatha who is amidst the quartet of his sons, shone forth like serene Brahma, who is quartet-faced, with the quartet of Veda-s, and who is the overlord of mankind, amidst the quartet of presiding deities in the quartet of the world. [1-72-25]

PURPORT

The 'unnecessarily' repeated word 'quartet' refers to dharma where its manifestation is with four horns, catvaarii shR^ingaa, trayo asya paadaa, dve shiirSe... 'dharma's horns is a quartet, three are its feet, two are its heads...' so on. When read together with 23, 24 verses, the bullish Dasharatha is said to have the quartet of bullhorn like sons, who are being readied to administer dharma in the world.