Chapter 1

Ayodhya Kanda - Book Of Ayodhya

VERSE 1

गच्छता मातुलकुलं भरतेन तदा।अनघः
शत्रुघ्नो नित्यशत्रुघ्नो नीतः प्रीतिपुरस्कृतः

gacchatā mātulakulaṃ bharatena tadā|anaghaḥ
śatrughno nityaśatrughno nītaḥ prītipuraskṛtaḥ

SYNONYMS

śatrughnaḥ: Satrughna | anaghaḥ: who has no sins | nitya śatrughnaḥ: he who always annihilated his enemies | nītaḥ: was taken | prīti puraskṛthaḥ: with love | bharathena: by Bharatha | gacchathā: while going | tadā: then | mātulakulam: to the maternal uncle's house. |

TRANSLATION

Bharatha, while going to his maternal uncle's house, has taken his brother Satrughna (he who has no sins and who annihilates his enemies) along with him with love.

VERSE 2

स तत्र न्यवसद्भ्रात्रा सह सत्कारसत्कृतः
मातुलेनाश्वपतिना पुत्रस्नेहेन लालितः

sa tatra nyavasadbhrātrā saha satkārasatkṛtaḥ
mātulenāśvapatinā putrasnehena lālitaḥ

SYNONYMS

satkāra satkṛthaḥ: treated with good hospitality | putra snehena: with paternal love | asvapathinā: lord of cavalry | māthulena: his maternal uncle | saḥ: that Bharatha | bhratrā saḥ: with his brother | nyavasat: stayed | tatra: there. |

TRANSLATION

Treated with good hospitality and paternal love by his maternal uncle, Yudhajit, who was a lord of cavalry, Bharatha stayed with his brother there.

VERSE 3

तत्रापि निवसन्तौ तौ तर्प्यमाणौ च कामतः
भ्रातरौ स्मरतां वीरौ वृद्धं दसरथं नृपम्

tatrāpi nivasantau tau tarpyamāṇau ca kāmataḥ
bhrātarau smaratāṃ vīrau vṛddhaṃ dasarathaṃ nṛpam

SYNONYMS

vīrau: those heroes | bhrātarau: both the brothers | nivasanthau: staying | tatra: there | tarpyamāṇaucāpi: though satisfied by | kāmathaḥ: all the wants | smarathāṃ: were remebering | dasaratham nṛpam: the king Dasaratha. |

TRANSLATION

Those heroes of valour Bharatha and Satrughna, though staying there enjoying all the comforts, were remembering their age old father.

VERSE 4

राजापि तौ महातेजाः सस्मार प्रोषितौ सुतौ
उभौ भरतशत्रुघ्नौ महेन्द्रवरुणोपमौ

rājāpi tau mahātejāḥ sasmāra proṣitau sutau
ubhau bharataśatrughnau mahendravaruṇopamau

SYNONYMS

mahā tejāḥ: Mighty | rājāpi: king (Dasaratha) | sasmāra: was remembering | sutau: his sons | bharata śatrughnau ubhau: both Bharatha and Satrughna | proṣitau: who were out of state | mahendra varunopamau: (and who were) equivalent to Indra and Varuna. |

TRANSLATION

The mighty Dasaratha was also often remembering his sons Bharatha and Satrughna who were out of his state and who were equivalent to Indra and Varuna.

VERSE 5

सर्व एव तु तस्येष्ट श्चत्वारः पुरुषर्षभाः
स्वशरीराद्विनिर्वृत्ताश्चत्वार इव बाहवः

sarva eva tu tasyeṣṭa ścatvāraḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ
svaśarīrādvinirvṛttāścatvāra iva bāhavaḥ

SYNONYMS

tasya: that Dasaratha | isṭāḥ: was loving | catvāraḥ: his four sons | puruṣarṣabhāḥ: best among men | catvāraḥ bāhavaḥ: like four hands | sarve evatu: all of them | nirvṛttāḥ: emerging | svaśarīrāt: out of his own body. |

TRANSLATION

Dasaratha was bestowing his equal love to all his four sons who were best among men, as though they were his four hands emerging out of his own body.

VERSE 6

तेषामपि महातेजा रामो रतिकरः पितुः
स्वयम्भूरिव भूतानां बभूव गुणवत्तरः

teṣāmapi mahātejā rāmo ratikaraḥ pituḥ
svayambhūriva bhūtānāṃ babhūva guṇavattaraḥ

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: Rama | svayambhūriva: like the Brahma | bhūtānāṃ: among all the living beings | guṇavattaraḥ: the most virtuous | teṣāmapi: among those brothers | mahātejaḥ: the mightiest | ratikaraḥ babhūva: was a source of joy | pituḥ: for his father. |

TRANSLATION

Rama, like the Brahma among all the living beings, the most virtuous among those brothers and the mightiest was a great source of joy for his father.

VERSE 7

स हि देवै रुदीर्णस्य रावणस्य वधार्थिभिः
अर्थितो मानुषे लोके जज्ञे विष्णुः सनातनः

sa hi devai rudīrṇasya rāvaṇasya vadhārthibhiḥ
arthito mānuṣe loke jajñe viṣṇuḥ sanātanaḥ

SYNONYMS

saḥ: That Rama | sanātanaḥ: the eternal | viṣnuḥ: Vishnu | jajñehi: was born | mānuṣe loke: on the earth | arthita: as urged by | devaihi: gods | vadhārthibhihi: to kill | udīrṇasya rāvaṇasya: the egoistic Ravana. |

TRANSLATION

That Rama - was He not the eternal Vishnu who was born on earth as prayed by celestials to kill the egoistic Ravana?

VERSE 8

कौसल्या शुशुभे पुत्रेणामिततेजसा
यथा वरेण देवानामदितिर्वज्रपाणिना

kausalyā śuśubhe putreṇāmitatejasā
yathā vareṇa devānāmaditirvajrapāṇinā

SYNONYMS

aditiryathā: like Adithi | vajrapāṇinā: by Indra | devānāṃ vareṇa: the best among celestials | kausalyā: Kausalya | śuśubhe: was shone by | putreṇa: her son | amitatejasā: the mighty. |

TRANSLATION

Like Adithi by Indra, best among the celestials, Kausalya shone by her son Rama, the mighty.

VERSE 9

स हि रूपोपपन्नश्च वीर्यवाननसूयकः
भूमावनुपमः सूनुर्गणैर्धशरथोपमः

sa hi rūpopapannaśca vīryavānanasūyakaḥ
bhūmāvanupamaḥ sūnurgaṇairdhaśarathopamaḥ

SYNONYMS

saḥ: Rama | rūpopapannaḥ ca: having beautiful form | vīryavān: a hero of valor | anasūyakaḥ: without envy | gunaiḥ: by virtues | dasarathopamaḥ: like Dasaratha | anupamaḥ: an incomparable | sūnuhu hi: son indeed | bhūmau: on earth. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was beautiful in form, a hero of valor and without envy. By virtues, he was like Dasaratha. In this way, he was an incomparable son on earth.

VERSE 10

स च नित्यं प्रशान्तात्मा मृदुपूर्वं तु भाषते
उच्यमानो।अपि परुषं नोत्तरं प्रतिपद्यते

sa ca nityaṃ praśāntātmā mṛdupūrvaṃ tu bhāṣate
ucyamāno|api paruṣaṃ nottaraṃ pratipadyate

SYNONYMS

saḥ: that Rama | nityam: always | praśāntātmā: with a peaceful mind | bhāṣate: talked | mṛdupūrvakaṃ: softly | uttaram na prapadyate: he did not respond to | paruṣaṃ: hard words | ucyamānaha api: spoken by others. |

TRANSLATION

That Rama was always peaceful in mind and spoke softly. He did not react to the hard words spoken by others.

VERSE 11

कथंचिदुपकारेण कृतेनै केन तुष्यति
न स्मरत्यपकाराणां शतमप्यात्मवत्तया

kathaṃcidupakāreṇa kṛtenai kena tuṣyati
na smaratyapakārāṇāṃ śatamapyātmavattayā

SYNONYMS

saḥ: That Rama | ātmavattayā: because of his good bent of mind | tuṣyati: feels glad | kathaṃcit: even by | aikena: one | upakāreṇa: good thing | kṛtena: done | na smarati: (but) does not mind | satamapi: even a hundred | apakārāṇām: bad things. |

TRANSLATION

That Rama, because of his good bent of mind, feels glad even by whatever way a good thing is done to him. He does not remember any number of bad things done to him.

VERSE 12

शीलवृद्धै र्ज्ञानवृद्धैर्वयोवृद्धैश्च सज्जनैः
कथयन्नास्त वैनित्य मस्त्रयोग्यान्तरेष्वपि

śīlavṛddhai rjñānavṛddhairvayovṛddhaiśca sajjanaiḥ
kathayannāsta vainitya mastrayogyāntareṣvapi

SYNONYMS

astrayoga antareṣvapi: Even during intervals while practising archery | nityam: always | kathayannāsta: used to converse with | śīlavṛddhai: elders by conduct | jñānavṛddhai: elders by wisdom | vayovṛddhai: elders by age (or) | sajjanaiḥ: with good people. |

TRANSLATION

Whenever he finds some time even while practising archery, Rama used to converse with elderly people, elder by way of conduct or wisdom or age or with good- natured people.

VERSE 13

बुद्धिमान् मधुराभाषी पूर्वभाषी प्रियंवदः
वीर्यवान्न च वीर्येण महता स्वेन विस्मितः

buddhimān madhurābhāṣī pūrvabhāṣī priyaṃvadaḥ
vīryavānna ca vīryeṇa mahatā svena vismitaḥ

SYNONYMS

buddhimān: wise man | madhurabhāṣī: sweet conversationalist | pūrvabhāṣī: one who initiated a talk | priyaṃvadaḥ: whose speech was compassionate | vīryavān: person with valor | na ca vismitaḥ: not arrogant of | svena: his own | mahatā: great | vīryeṇa: valor. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was a wise man. He used to speak sweetly. He was the first man to initiate a talk. His speech was compassionate. He was valorous. But he was not arrogant of his mighty valor.

VERSE 14

न चानृतकथो विद्वान् वृद्धानां प्रतिपूजकः
अनुरक्तः प्रजाभिश्च प्रजाश्चाप्यनुरज्यते

na cānṛtakatho vidvān vṛddhānāṃ pratipūjakaḥ
anuraktaḥ prajābhiśca prajāścāpyanurajyate

SYNONYMS

na ca: not | anṛtakathaḥ: speaking untruth | vidvān: all knowing person | pratipūjakaḥ: Receptive and worshipful to | vṛdhānām: elders | anuraktaḥ: being loved | prajābhi: by people | anurajyate: loving | prajāścapi: also the people. |

TRANSLATION

He did not speak untruth. He was all knowing. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the elders. People used to love him and he used to love the people.

VERSE 15

सानुक्रोशो जितक्रोधो ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः
दीनानुकम्पी धर्मज्ज़्नो नित्यं प्रग्रहवान् शुचिः

sānukrośo jitakrodho brāhmaṇapratipūjakaḥ
dīnānukampī dharmajzno nityaṃ pragrahavān śuciḥ

SYNONYMS

sānukrośaḥ: had compassion | jitakrodhaḥ: conquered anger | brāhmana pratipūjakaḥ: receptive and worshipful to the wise | dīnānukampī: had mercy towards the meek | dharmajṇaḥ: knew what was to be done | nityam pragrahavān: Had always self control | suciḥ: was clean (in conduct). |

TRANSLATION

He had compassion. He conquered anger. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the wise. He had mercy towards the meek. He knew what was to be done. He had always self-control. He was clean (in conduct).

VERSE 16

कुलोचितमतिः क्षात्रं धर्मं स्वं बहुमन्यते
मन्यते परया कीर्त्य महत्स्वर्गफलं ततः

kulocitamatiḥ kṣātraṃ dharmaṃ svaṃ bahumanyate
manyate parayā kīrtya mahatsvargaphalaṃ tataḥ

SYNONYMS

kulocitamatiḥ: attitude suitable for his social rank | bahumanyate: giving due respect to | kśātraṃ dharmam: righteousness of warrior-class | manyate: thought | tataha: by following that righteousness | parayā kīrtya: by great fame | mahat: great | svargaphalam: fruit of heaven. |

TRANSLATION

That Rama, having an attitude suitable for his social rank, giving due respect to righteousness of warrior-class, believed that by following the righteousness he would attain great fame and through it the fruit of heaven.

VERSE 17

नाश्रेयसि रतो विद्वान्न विरुद्धकथारुचिः
उत्तरोत्तरयुक्तौ च वक्ता वाचस्पति र्यथा

nāśreyasi rato vidvānna viruddhakathāruciḥ
uttarottarayuktau ca vaktā vācaspati ryathā

SYNONYMS

na rataḥ: not interested(in) | aśreyasi: actions not beneficial | vidvān: scholar | ṇa viruddhakathāruciḥ: no taste in tales opposing righteousness | vācaspatiryathā: like brihaspathi | uttarottarayuktau: in showing series of strategies | vaktā: a fluent speaker. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was not interested in actions, which were not beneficial. He was a scholar. He had no taste in tales opposing righteousness. Like v�chaspathi, his eloquent speech contained a series of strategies for action.

VERSE 18

अरोगस्तरुणो वाग्मी वपुष्मान् देशकालवित्
लोके पुरुषसारज्ञस्साधुरेको विनिर्मितः

arogastaruṇo vāgmī vapuṣmān deśakālavit
loke puruṣasārajñassādhureko vinirmitaḥ

SYNONYMS

arogaḥ: without disease | taruṇaḥ: young man | vāgmī: speaker | vapuṣmān: person with a good body | deśakālavit: knew time and place | puruṣasārajñaḥ: could grasp the essence of men | ekaḥ: the one | sādhuḥ: gentleman | vinirmitaḥ: created | loke: on earth. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was a young man without any disease. He was a good speaker. He had a good body. He knew both time and place. He could grasp the essence of men. He was the one gentleman born on earth.

VERSE 19

स तु स्रेष्ठैर्गुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः
बहिश्चर इव प्राणो बभूव गुणतः प्रियः

sa tu sreṣṭhairguṇairyuktaḥ prajānāṃ pārthivātmajaḥ
bahiścara iva prāṇo babhūva guṇataḥ priyaḥ

SYNONYMS

prajānām: To people | priyaḥ: loving | saḥ: that | pārthivātmajaḥ: prince | śreṣṭhaiḥ: with good | guṇaiḥ: virtues | yuktaḥ: contained | babhūva: existed | prānaḥ aiva: like spirit | bahiścaraḥ: moving outside | guṇataḥ: by virtues. |

TRANSLATION

People loved the virtuous prince Rama and treated him as their spirit moving outside.

VERSE 20

सम्यग्विद्याव्रतस्नातो यथावत्साङ्गवेदवित्
इष्वस्त्रे च पितुः श्रेष्ठो बभूव भरताग्रजः

samyagvidyāvratasnāto yathāvatsāṅgavedavit
iṣvastre ca pituḥ śreṣṭho babhūva bharatāgrajaḥ

SYNONYMS

vidyāvratasnātaḥ: after bathing in the discipline of education | samyak: properly | sāṅgavedavit: After knowing archery | yathāvat: as prescribed | bharatāgrajaḥ: elder brother of Bharatha (Rama) | babhūva: was | śreṣṭhaḥ: better than | pituḥ: father | iṣvastre: in archery. |

TRANSLATION

After completing his education properly, Rama, after knowing the science of archery as prescribed, was better than his father in the use of bow and arrows.

VERSE 21

कल्याणाभिजनः साधुरदीनः सत्यवागृजुः
वृद्धैरभिविनीतश्च द्विजैर्धर्मार्थदर्शिभिः

kalyāṇābhijanaḥ sādhuradīnaḥ satyavāgṛjuḥ
vṛddhairabhivinītaśca dvijairdharmārthadarśibhiḥ

SYNONYMS

kalyānābhijanaḥ: having born in a good clan | sādhuḥ: gentleman | adīnaḥ: not a feeble man | satyavāk: speaker of truth | ṛjuḥ: straightforward man | abhivinītaḥ: properly trained by | vṛddhaiḥ: elderly | dvijaiḥ: wisemen | dharmartha darśibhiḥ: who realized righteousness. |

TRANSLATION

Rama, having born in a good clan, was gentle minded. He was not feeble. He spoke truth. He was straightforward. He was properly trained by elderly wise men that knew righteousness.

VERSE 22

धर्मकामार्थतत्त्वज्ञः स्मृतिमान् प्रतिभानवान्
लौकिके समयाचारे कृतकल्पो विशारदः

dharmakāmārthatattvajñaḥ smṛtimān pratibhānavān
laukike samayācāre kṛtakalpo viśāradaḥ

SYNONYMS

dharma kāmārtha tattvajnaḥ: one who knew the real form of desire | smṛtimān: one who had a good power of memory | pratibhānavān: one who had a spontaneous wisdom to respond | viśāradaḥ: one who had skill | kṛtakalpaḥ: one who had created arrangement of | samayācāre: customs useful at that time | laukike: for the society. |

TRANSLATION

Rama knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness. He had a good memory power. He had a spontaneous wisdom. He had skills in arranging customs useful to society prevalent at that time.

VERSE 23

निभृतः संवृताकारो गुप्तमन्त्रः सहायवान्
अमोघक्रोधहर्षश्च त्यागसंयमकालवित्

nibhṛtaḥ saṃvṛtākāro guptamantraḥ sahāyavān
amoghakrodhaharṣaśca tyāgasaṃyamakālavit

SYNONYMS

nibhṛtaḥ: Humble man | saṃvṛtākāraḥ: Had an enclosed form | gupta mantraḥ: kept thoughts to himself | sahāyavān: helped others | amogha krodha harṣaśca: his anger and pleasure not wasteful | tyāgasaṃyama kālavit: knew the timing of giving and non-giving. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was humble. He did not let his feelings appear outwardly. He kept his thoughts to himself. He helped others. His anger and pleasure were not wasteful. He knew when to give and when not to give.

VERSE 24

दृढभक्तिः स्थिरप्रज्ञो नासद्ग्राही न दुर्वचाः
निस्तन्द्रिरप्रमत्तश्च स्वदोषपरदोषवित्

dṛḍhabhaktiḥ sthiraprajño nāsadgrāhī na durvacāḥ
nistandrirapramattaśca svadoṣaparadoṣavit

SYNONYMS

dṛḍha bhaktiḥ: had a firm devotion | sthira prajñaḥ: had steadfast mind | āsadgrāhī: was not stubborn | na durvacāḥ: not speaking evil words | nistandriḥ: had no idleness | apramattaḥ: was alert | svadoṣaparadoṣavit: and recognized his own errors and those of others. |

TRANSLATION

Rama had a firm devotion and steadfast mind. He was not stubborn nor did he speak evil words. He was free from idleness and was ever alert. He recognized his own errors and those of others.

VERSE 25

शास्त्रज्ञश्च कृतज्ञश्च पुरुषान्तरकोविदः
यः प्रग्रहानुग्रहयोर्यथान्यायं विचक्षणः

śāstrajñaśca kṛtajñaśca puruṣāntarakovidaḥ
yaḥ pragrahānugrahayoryathānyāyaṃ vicakṣaṇaḥ

SYNONYMS

śāstrajñaḥ ca: He knew sciences | kṛtajñaḥ ca: knew their practice | puruṣāntarakovidaḥ: understood differences among men | yathānyāyam: as per justice | vicakśaṇaḥ: discriminator of | pragrahānugrahayoḥ: punishment and protection. |

TRANSLATION

Rama knew the theory and practice of sciences. He understood the differences among men. He could judiciously discriminate whom to protect and whom to punish.

VERSE 26

सत्संग्रहप्रग्रहणे स्थानविन्निग्रहस्य च
आयकर्मण्युपायज्ञः संदृष्टव्ययकर्मवित्

satsaṃgrahapragrahaṇe sthānavinnigrahasya ca
āyakarmaṇyupāyajñaḥ saṃdṛṣṭavyayakarmavit

SYNONYMS

satsaṃgrahapragrahaṇe: identifying the good and protecting them | sthānavit: knew the people | nigrahasya ca: to be reprimanded | upāyajñaḥ: knew the ways and means of | āya karmaṇi: getting income | sandṛṣṭa vyaya karmavit: knew the system of spending as mentioned in sastra. |

TRANSLATION

He identified good men and protected them. He knew the people worthy of reprimand. He knew the ways and means of getting income as well as the system of spending, as perceived by economic sciences.

VERSE 27

श्रैष्ठ्यं शास्त्रसमूहेषु प्राप्तो व्यामिश्रकेषु च
अर्थधर्मौ च संगृह्य सुखतन्त्रो न चालसः

śraiṣṭhyaṃ śāstrasamūheṣu prāpto vyāmiśrakeṣu ca
arthadharmau ca saṃgṛhya sukhatantro na cālasaḥ

SYNONYMS

prāptaḥ: obtained | śraiṣṭhyam: great skill | śāstrasamūheṣu: in groups of sciences | vyāmiśrakeṣu ca: and in their subsidiaries | sukhatantraḥ: Interested in enjoying comforts | saṃgṛhya: after understanding | artha dharmau: economic realities | na alasaḥ: and never remained inactive. |

TRANSLATION

Rama could obtain great skill in the groups of sciences along with their subsidiaries. He was interested in enjoying comforts only after understanding the economic realities. He never remained inactive.

VERSE 28

वैहारिकाणां शिल्पानां विज्ञातार्थविभागवित्
आरोहे विनये चैव युक्तोवारणवाजिनाम्

vaihārikāṇāṃ śilpānāṃ vijñātārthavibhāgavit
ārohe vinaye caiva yuktovāraṇavājinām

SYNONYMS

vijñātā: acquainted with | śilpānām: fine arts | vaihārikāṇām: useful in entertainment | arthavibhāgavit: knew how to distribute wealth | yuktaḥ: efficient in | ārohe: in riding | vinaye: in taming | vāraṇavājinām: elephants and horses. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was acquainted with the fine arts useful for entertainment. He knew how to distribute the wealth. He was efficient in riding and taming of elephants and horses.

VERSE 29

धनुर्वेदविदां स्रेष्ठो लोके।अतिरथसंमतः
अभियाता प्रहर्ता च सेनानयविशारदः

dhanurvedavidāṃ sreṣṭho loke|atirathasaṃmataḥ
abhiyātā prahartā ca senānayaviśāradaḥ

SYNONYMS

śreṣṭhaḥ: best of persons | dhanur veda vidām: knowing the science of archery | athirathasaṃmataḥ: appreciated by the champions of archery | senā nayaviśāradaḥ: Attained skills in moving the army properly | abhiyātā: facing the enemies | prahartā ca: (He) used to kill them. |

TRANSLATION

Rama was the best of persons knowing the science of archery in the world; and was well appreciated by the champions of archery. He attained skills in marshalling the army. He faced and killed the enemies in battle.

VERSE 30

अप्रधृष्यश्च संग्रामे क्रुद्धैरपि सुरासुरैः
अनसूयो जितक्रोधो न दृप्तो न च मत्सरी
न चावमन्ता भूतानां न च कालवशानुगः

apradhṛṣyaśca saṃgrāme kruddhairapi surāsuraiḥ
anasūyo jitakrodho na dṛpto na ca matsarī
na cāvamantā bhūtānāṃ na ca kālavaśānugaḥ

SYNONYMS

kruddhaiḥ: enraged | surāsurair api: even by suras and asuras | apradhṛṣyaḥ: (He) could not be defeated | saṃgrāme: in battle | anasūyaḥ: had no jealousy | jitakrodhaḥ: conquered anger | na dṛptaḥ: Had no arrogance | na matsarī ca: Had no envy | na ca avamantā: not humiliated | bhūtānām: living beings | na kāla vaśānugaḥ ca: had not surrendered to time. |

TRANSLATION

Even enraged celestials and demons could not defeat Rama in battle. He had no jealousy. He conquered anger. He had no arrogance and envy. He had not humiliated any living being. He had not surrendered to time.

VERSE 31

एवं श्रेष्ठगुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः
संमतस्त्रिषु लोकेषुवसुधायाः क्षमागुणैः

evaṃ śreṣṭhaguṇairyuktaḥ prajānāṃ pārthivātmajaḥ
saṃmatastriṣu lokeṣuvasudhāyāḥ kṣamāguṇaiḥ

SYNONYMS

pārthivātmajaḥ: That prince Rama | evam śreṣṭhagunaiḥ: with these good virtues | yuktaḥ: fair | prajānām: to the people | saṃmataḥ: was agreeable | triṣu lokeṣu: to the three worlds | kśamā guṇaiḥ: virtue of forgiveness | vasudhāyāḥ: (comparable) to the earth | budhyā: By wisdom | bṛhaspate: to brihaspathi | vīryeṇa: by valour | śacīpate: to devendra | tulyaḥ: (He was) equal. |

TRANSLATION

That Prince Rama, with these good virtues, was fair to the people. He was agreeable to the three worlds. By patience and the related virtues, he was equal to earth, by wisdom to Brihaspathi and by valor to Devendra.

VERSE 32

तथा सर्वप्रजाकान्तैः प्रीतिसंजननैः पितुः

tathā sarvaprajākāntaiḥ prītisaṃjananaiḥ pituḥ

SYNONYMS

rāmaḥ: Rama | guṇaiḥ: by virtues | sarva prajākāntaiḥ: which are enlightening to all the people | prītisamjananaiḥ: which are source of liking | pituḥ: to his father | viruruce: was shining | sūrya eva: like the sun | dīptaḥ: shining | aṃśubhiḥ: by the rays. |

TRANSLATION

Rama, by his virtues, was a source of happiness to all the people and a spring of joy to his father. As the sun shines with his rays, Rama was shining, thus, with his virtues.

VERSE 33

तमेवंव्रतसंपन्नमप्रधृष्यपराक्रमम्

tamevaṃvratasaṃpannamapradhṛṣyaparākramam

SYNONYMS

medinī: the Earth | akāmayata: wished | tam: Rama | nātham: (to be) the lord | evaṃ vrathasaṃpannam: as he was adorned with disciplined life | apradhṛṣya parākramam: having undefeatable valor | lokapālopamam: equal to the universal lords like Indra. |

TRANSLATION

The earth wished Rama to be her Lord as he was adorned with self -control and norms of behavior bearing undefeatable valor equal to that of universal lords like Indra.

VERSE 34

एतैस्तु बहुभिर्युक्तं गुणैरनुपमैः सुतम्

etaistu bahubhiryuktaṃ guṇairanupamaiḥ sutam

SYNONYMS

rājā: King dasaratha | paraṃtapaḥ: who annihilates enemies | cakre: constructed | cintāṃ: thoughts | dṛṣṭvā: after observing | sutam: the son | bahubhiḥ: (having) many | anupamaiḥ: incomparable | etaiḥ: these | guṇaiḥ: virtues. |

TRANSLATION

Dasaratha, who annihilates enemies, started thinking as follows after observing his son with his many incomparable virtues.

VERSE 35

अथ राज्ञो बभूवैवं वृद्धस्य चिरजीविनः

atha rājño babhūvaivaṃ vṛddhasya cirajīvinaḥ

SYNONYMS

atha: thereafter | ciranjīvinaḥ: long living | vṛdhasya: aged | rājñaḥ: Dasaratha | evam babhūva: thus thought | katham syāt: how will | rāmaḥ: Rama (become) | rājā: king | maya jīvati: while I am alive | eṣā prītiḥ: (shall I enjoy) this happiness. |

TRANSLATION

The long living and aged Dasaratha thought: "Will Rama become king while I am still alive? Shall I enjoy that happiness?"

VERSE 36

एषा ह्यस्य परा प्रीतिर्हृदि संपरिवर्तते

eṣā hyasya parā prītirhṛdi saṃparivartate

SYNONYMS

eṣā parā: this great | prīthiḥ: loving thought | saṃparivartatehi: was ringing | hṛdi: in his heart | nāma: when | drakśyāmi: shall I see | priyam sutam: beloved son Rama | abhiṣiktam: crowned as king. |

TRANSLATION

A great loving thought was ringing in his mind that when he would be able to see his beloved son Rama crowned as a king.

VERSE 37

वृद्धिकामो हि लोकस्य सर्वभूतानुकम्पनः

vṛddhikāmo hi lokasya sarvabhūtānukampanaḥ

SYNONYMS

loke: In the country | mattaḥ: Better than me | priyataraḥ hi: (he is) better liked | vṛṣṭimān: raining | parjanyaḥ iva: like cloud | vṛddhi kāmaḥ: desires development of | lokasya: world | sarvabhūta anukampanaḥ: has equal compassion towards all living creatures. |

TRANSLATION

"Is not Rama, as a raining cloud to the earth, better liked by people than me, as he desires the development of the world and has equal compassion towards all living beings."

VERSE 38

यमशक्रसमो वीर्ये बृहस्पतिसमो मतौ

yamaśakrasamo vīrye bṛhaspatisamo matau

SYNONYMS

vīrye: In valour | yama sakra samaḥ: equal to Yama and Indra | matau: in wisdom | bṛhaspati samaḥ: equal to Bruhaspati | dhṛtyām: in courage | mahīdhara samaḥ: equal to mountain | guṇavattaraḥ: better virtues | mattaḥ ca: than me. |

TRANSLATION

"Rama is equal to Yama and Devendra in valor, to Brihaspati in wisdom and to a mountain in courage. He is more virtuous than me."

VERSE 39

महीमहमिमां कृत्स्नामधितिष्ठन्तमात्मजम्

mahīmahamimāṃ kṛtsnāmadhitiṣṭhantamātmajam

SYNONYMS

yathā: How | aham: I | avāpnuyām: attain | svargam: heaven | dṛṣṭvā: after seeing | anena vayasā: in this age | ātmajām: my son | adhitiṣṭhantam: ruling | kṛtsnām: the entire | imām mahīm: this Earth. |

TRANSLATION

"Shall I attain heaven, after seeing in this age, my son ruling the entire earth?"

VERSE 40

इत्येतै र्विविधै स्तैस्तै रन्यपार्थिवदुर्लभैः

ityetai rvividhai staistai ranyapārthivadurlabhaiḥ

SYNONYMS

41| iti: this way | vividhaiḥ: various | anya pārthiva durlabhaiḥ: Not at all seen in other kings | taistaiḥ: those and those | ethaiḥ: these virtues | loke: in the world | aparimeyaiḥ: which can not be counted | lokottaraiḥ: Best in the world | samuditaiḥ: gathered at one place | śubhaiḥ: auspicious | yuktaṃ: containing | śiṣṭaih: the remaining | guṇaiḥ: virtues | samīkśya: seeing | tam: that Rama | mahārājaḥ: king of Dasaratha | sacivaiḥ sārdhaṃ: along with ministers | niścitya: decided | yuvarājam: as prince | amanyata: thought. |

TRANSLATION

Rama had many other virtues beyond hitherto stated virtues not to be seen in other kings. His virtues cannot be counted and they are the best in the world. Seeing that type of virtuous Rama, Dasaratha along with his ministers, decided to make Rama the prince.

VERSE 42

दिव्यन्तरिक्षे भूमौ च घोरमुत्पातजं भयम्

divyantarikṣe bhūmau ca ghoramutpātajaṃ bhayam

SYNONYMS

atha: thereafter | medhāvī: the wise Dasaratha | ācacakśe: said | ghoram: great | bhayam: alarm | divi: in heaven | antarikśe: in space | bhūmau ca: in earth | utpādajam: comet like things | ātmanaḥ: his | śarīre: body | jarām ca: getting aged. |

TRANSLATION

The wise Dasaratha said that there was sign of a great alarm being forecast because of comet like things found in earth heaven and the sky. He also told the ministers that his body was getting aged.

VERSE 43

पूर्णचन्द्राननस्याथ शोकापनुदमात्मनः

pūrṇacandrānanasyātha śokāpanudamātmanaḥ

SYNONYMS

bubudhe: (He) recognised | rāmasya: Rama | pūrṇacandrānanasya: one who has a face like a full moon | mahātmanaḥ: great wise man | loke saṃpriyatvaṃ: liked by the people | athaḥ: and | ātmanaḥ śokāpanudam: will remove his worry. |

TRANSLATION

He recognized that if Rama were crowned as king, he would not have worries as Rama had beautiful face as a full moon; was a great wise man; and was liked by the people.

VERSE 44

आत्मनश्च प्रजानां च श्रेयसे च प्रियेण च

ātmanaśca prajānāṃ ca śreyase ca priyeṇa ca

SYNONYMS

dharmātma: the righteous | nṛpaḥ: King Dasaratha | priyeṇa ca: to his liking | tvaritavān: was hurried | bhaktyā: with interest | sreyase ca: beneficial to | ātmanaśca: his own self (and) | prajānām ca: people | prāptakālena: time has come. |

TRANSLATION

The righteous Dasaratha was hurried with concern in the coronation of Rama as it is for his own benefit and for the benefit of people. Because it is as per his liking and also as the appropriate time has come.

VERSE 45

नानानगरवास्तव्यान् पृथग्जानपदानपि

nānānagaravāstavyān pṛthagjānapadānapi

SYNONYMS

nānā nagaravāstavyān: those residing in various cities | jānapadānapi: those residing in villages | pradhānān: principal officers | medinyāḥ: of lands | pṛthivīpatīn: kings | pṛthak: separately | samānināya: called for. |

TRANSLATION

Dasaratha called for other kings and officers staying in various cities and villages in his kingdom separately.

VERSE 46

न तु केकयराजानं जनकं वा नराधिपः

na tu kekayarājānaṃ janakaṃ vā narādhipaḥ

SYNONYMS

tvarayā: By hurry | narādhipaḥ: the king | anayāme: did not call for | kekayarājānaṃ: the king of kekaya | janakaṃ vā: or Janaka | tau: both of them | śroṣyataḥ: could hear | priyam: the good news | paścāt: afterwards. |

TRANSLATION

The hurried Dasaratha did not call for the king Kekaya, the maternal uncle of Bharatha or the King Janaka as he thought they both could hear the good news even afterwards.

VERSE 47

तान्वेश्मनानाभरणैर्यथार्हं प्रतिपूजितान्

tānveśmanānābharaṇairyathārhaṃ pratipūjitān

SYNONYMS

rājā: The king | prathipūjitān: presented | tān: all of them | veśmanānābharaṇaiḥ: houses and various jewelry | yathārhaṃ: suitably | alaṃkṛtaḥ: adorned himself | dadarśa: looked them | prajāpatiḥ: (like) lord Brahma | prajāḥ iva: as children. |

TRANSLATION

The king Dasaratha presented them suitably with houses and jewelry. Duly adorned himself, he looked after them in the manner Lord Brahma looks after his children.

VERSE 48

अथोपविष्टे नृपतौ तस्मिन् परबलार्दने

athopaviṣṭe nṛpatau tasmin parabalārdane

SYNONYMS

atha: There afterwards | śeṣāḥ: the remaining | rajānaḥ: kings | lokasammatāḥ: loved by the people | praviviśuḥ: entered | tataḥ: after | nṛpatau: the king | parabalārdhane: who annihilates the opponent's army | upaviṣṭe: occupied his seat. |

TRANSLATION

All the invited kings, duly liked by their people, entered the assembly after the king Dasaratha , who annihilates the opponent's army, occupied his seat.

VERSE 49

अथ राजवितीर्णेषु विविधेष्वासनेषु च

atha rājavitīrṇeṣu vividheṣvāsaneṣu ca

SYNONYMS

atha: There afterwards | nṛpāḥ: those kings | niṣeduḥ: sat | vividheṣu: in various | āsaneṣu: seats | rājavitīrneṣu: allotted by king | abhimukheḥ: facing towards | rājānameva: the said king | niyataḥ: as per rules. |

TRANSLATION

The kings thus entered, occupied their various seats allotted to them by the king, by facing toward the king as per the prescribed rules.