Chapter 1
Ayodhya Kanda - Book Of Ayodhya
गच्छता मातुलकुलं भरतेन तदा।अनघः
शत्रुघ्नो नित्यशत्रुघ्नो नीतः प्रीतिपुरस्कृतः
gacchatā mātulakulaṃ bharatena tadā|anaghaḥ
śatrughno nityaśatrughno nītaḥ prītipuraskṛtaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Bharatha, while going to his maternal uncle's house, has taken his brother Satrughna (he who has no sins and who annihilates his enemies) along with him with love.
स तत्र न्यवसद्भ्रात्रा सह सत्कारसत्कृतः
मातुलेनाश्वपतिना पुत्रस्नेहेन लालितः
sa tatra nyavasadbhrātrā saha satkārasatkṛtaḥ
mātulenāśvapatinā putrasnehena lālitaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Treated with good hospitality and paternal love by his maternal uncle, Yudhajit, who was a lord of cavalry, Bharatha stayed with his brother there.
तत्रापि निवसन्तौ तौ तर्प्यमाणौ च कामतः
भ्रातरौ स्मरतां वीरौ वृद्धं दसरथं नृपम्
tatrāpi nivasantau tau tarpyamāṇau ca kāmataḥ
bhrātarau smaratāṃ vīrau vṛddhaṃ dasarathaṃ nṛpam
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Those heroes of valour Bharatha and Satrughna, though staying there enjoying all the comforts, were remembering their age old father.
राजापि तौ महातेजाः सस्मार प्रोषितौ सुतौ
उभौ भरतशत्रुघ्नौ महेन्द्रवरुणोपमौ
rājāpi tau mahātejāḥ sasmāra proṣitau sutau
ubhau bharataśatrughnau mahendravaruṇopamau
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The mighty Dasaratha was also often remembering his sons Bharatha and Satrughna who were out of his state and who were equivalent to Indra and Varuna.
सर्व एव तु तस्येष्ट श्चत्वारः पुरुषर्षभाः
स्वशरीराद्विनिर्वृत्ताश्चत्वार इव बाहवः
sarva eva tu tasyeṣṭa ścatvāraḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ
svaśarīrādvinirvṛttāścatvāra iva bāhavaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Dasaratha was bestowing his equal love to all his four sons who were best among men, as though they were his four hands emerging out of his own body.
तेषामपि महातेजा रामो रतिकरः पितुः
स्वयम्भूरिव भूतानां बभूव गुणवत्तरः
teṣāmapi mahātejā rāmo ratikaraḥ pituḥ
svayambhūriva bhūtānāṃ babhūva guṇavattaraḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama, like the Brahma among all the living beings, the most virtuous among those brothers and the mightiest was a great source of joy for his father.
स हि देवै रुदीर्णस्य रावणस्य वधार्थिभिः
अर्थितो मानुषे लोके जज्ञे विष्णुः सनातनः
sa hi devai rudīrṇasya rāvaṇasya vadhārthibhiḥ
arthito mānuṣe loke jajñe viṣṇuḥ sanātanaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
That Rama - was He not the eternal Vishnu who was born on earth as prayed by celestials to kill the egoistic Ravana?
कौसल्या शुशुभे पुत्रेणामिततेजसा
यथा वरेण देवानामदितिर्वज्रपाणिना
kausalyā śuśubhe putreṇāmitatejasā
yathā vareṇa devānāmaditirvajrapāṇinā
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Like Adithi by Indra, best among the celestials, Kausalya shone by her son Rama, the mighty.
स हि रूपोपपन्नश्च वीर्यवाननसूयकः
भूमावनुपमः सूनुर्गणैर्धशरथोपमः
sa hi rūpopapannaśca vīryavānanasūyakaḥ
bhūmāvanupamaḥ sūnurgaṇairdhaśarathopamaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was beautiful in form, a hero of valor and without envy. By virtues, he was like Dasaratha. In this way, he was an incomparable son on earth.
स च नित्यं प्रशान्तात्मा मृदुपूर्वं तु भाषते
उच्यमानो।अपि परुषं नोत्तरं प्रतिपद्यते
sa ca nityaṃ praśāntātmā mṛdupūrvaṃ tu bhāṣate
ucyamāno|api paruṣaṃ nottaraṃ pratipadyate
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
That Rama was always peaceful in mind and spoke softly. He did not react to the hard words spoken by others.
कथंचिदुपकारेण कृतेनै केन तुष्यति
न स्मरत्यपकाराणां शतमप्यात्मवत्तया
kathaṃcidupakāreṇa kṛtenai kena tuṣyati
na smaratyapakārāṇāṃ śatamapyātmavattayā
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
That Rama, because of his good bent of mind, feels glad even by whatever way a good thing is done to him. He does not remember any number of bad things done to him.
शीलवृद्धै र्ज्ञानवृद्धैर्वयोवृद्धैश्च सज्जनैः
कथयन्नास्त वैनित्य मस्त्रयोग्यान्तरेष्वपि
śīlavṛddhai rjñānavṛddhairvayovṛddhaiśca sajjanaiḥ
kathayannāsta vainitya mastrayogyāntareṣvapi
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Whenever he finds some time even while practising archery, Rama used to converse with elderly people, elder by way of conduct or wisdom or age or with good- natured people.
बुद्धिमान् मधुराभाषी पूर्वभाषी प्रियंवदः
वीर्यवान्न च वीर्येण महता स्वेन विस्मितः
buddhimān madhurābhāṣī pūrvabhāṣī priyaṃvadaḥ
vīryavānna ca vīryeṇa mahatā svena vismitaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was a wise man. He used to speak sweetly. He was the first man to initiate a talk. His speech was compassionate. He was valorous. But he was not arrogant of his mighty valor.
न चानृतकथो विद्वान् वृद्धानां प्रतिपूजकः
अनुरक्तः प्रजाभिश्च प्रजाश्चाप्यनुरज्यते
na cānṛtakatho vidvān vṛddhānāṃ pratipūjakaḥ
anuraktaḥ prajābhiśca prajāścāpyanurajyate
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
He did not speak untruth. He was all knowing. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the elders. People used to love him and he used to love the people.
सानुक्रोशो जितक्रोधो ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः
दीनानुकम्पी धर्मज्ज़्नो नित्यं प्रग्रहवान् शुचिः
sānukrośo jitakrodho brāhmaṇapratipūjakaḥ
dīnānukampī dharmajzno nityaṃ pragrahavān śuciḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
He had compassion. He conquered anger. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the wise. He had mercy towards the meek. He knew what was to be done. He had always self-control. He was clean (in conduct).
कुलोचितमतिः क्षात्रं धर्मं स्वं बहुमन्यते
मन्यते परया कीर्त्य महत्स्वर्गफलं ततः
kulocitamatiḥ kṣātraṃ dharmaṃ svaṃ bahumanyate
manyate parayā kīrtya mahatsvargaphalaṃ tataḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
That Rama, having an attitude suitable for his social rank, giving due respect to righteousness of warrior-class, believed that by following the righteousness he would attain great fame and through it the fruit of heaven.
नाश्रेयसि रतो विद्वान्न विरुद्धकथारुचिः
उत्तरोत्तरयुक्तौ च वक्ता वाचस्पति र्यथा
nāśreyasi rato vidvānna viruddhakathāruciḥ
uttarottarayuktau ca vaktā vācaspati ryathā
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was not interested in actions, which were not beneficial. He was a scholar. He had no taste in tales opposing righteousness. Like v�chaspathi, his eloquent speech contained a series of strategies for action.
अरोगस्तरुणो वाग्मी वपुष्मान् देशकालवित्
लोके पुरुषसारज्ञस्साधुरेको विनिर्मितः
arogastaruṇo vāgmī vapuṣmān deśakālavit
loke puruṣasārajñassādhureko vinirmitaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was a young man without any disease. He was a good speaker. He had a good body. He knew both time and place. He could grasp the essence of men. He was the one gentleman born on earth.
स तु स्रेष्ठैर्गुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः
बहिश्चर इव प्राणो बभूव गुणतः प्रियः
sa tu sreṣṭhairguṇairyuktaḥ prajānāṃ pārthivātmajaḥ
bahiścara iva prāṇo babhūva guṇataḥ priyaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
People loved the virtuous prince Rama and treated him as their spirit moving outside.
सम्यग्विद्याव्रतस्नातो यथावत्साङ्गवेदवित्
इष्वस्त्रे च पितुः श्रेष्ठो बभूव भरताग्रजः
samyagvidyāvratasnāto yathāvatsāṅgavedavit
iṣvastre ca pituḥ śreṣṭho babhūva bharatāgrajaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
After completing his education properly, Rama, after knowing the science of archery as prescribed, was better than his father in the use of bow and arrows.
कल्याणाभिजनः साधुरदीनः सत्यवागृजुः
वृद्धैरभिविनीतश्च द्विजैर्धर्मार्थदर्शिभिः
kalyāṇābhijanaḥ sādhuradīnaḥ satyavāgṛjuḥ
vṛddhairabhivinītaśca dvijairdharmārthadarśibhiḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama, having born in a good clan, was gentle minded. He was not feeble. He spoke truth. He was straightforward. He was properly trained by elderly wise men that knew righteousness.
धर्मकामार्थतत्त्वज्ञः स्मृतिमान् प्रतिभानवान्
लौकिके समयाचारे कृतकल्पो विशारदः
dharmakāmārthatattvajñaḥ smṛtimān pratibhānavān
laukike samayācāre kṛtakalpo viśāradaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness. He had a good memory power. He had a spontaneous wisdom. He had skills in arranging customs useful to society prevalent at that time.
निभृतः संवृताकारो गुप्तमन्त्रः सहायवान्
अमोघक्रोधहर्षश्च त्यागसंयमकालवित्
nibhṛtaḥ saṃvṛtākāro guptamantraḥ sahāyavān
amoghakrodhaharṣaśca tyāgasaṃyamakālavit
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was humble. He did not let his feelings appear outwardly. He kept his thoughts to himself. He helped others. His anger and pleasure were not wasteful. He knew when to give and when not to give.
दृढभक्तिः स्थिरप्रज्ञो नासद्ग्राही न दुर्वचाः
निस्तन्द्रिरप्रमत्तश्च स्वदोषपरदोषवित्
dṛḍhabhaktiḥ sthiraprajño nāsadgrāhī na durvacāḥ
nistandrirapramattaśca svadoṣaparadoṣavit
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama had a firm devotion and steadfast mind. He was not stubborn nor did he speak evil words. He was free from idleness and was ever alert. He recognized his own errors and those of others.
शास्त्रज्ञश्च कृतज्ञश्च पुरुषान्तरकोविदः
यः प्रग्रहानुग्रहयोर्यथान्यायं विचक्षणः
śāstrajñaśca kṛtajñaśca puruṣāntarakovidaḥ
yaḥ pragrahānugrahayoryathānyāyaṃ vicakṣaṇaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama knew the theory and practice of sciences. He understood the differences among men. He could judiciously discriminate whom to protect and whom to punish.
सत्संग्रहप्रग्रहणे स्थानविन्निग्रहस्य च
आयकर्मण्युपायज्ञः संदृष्टव्ययकर्मवित्
satsaṃgrahapragrahaṇe sthānavinnigrahasya ca
āyakarmaṇyupāyajñaḥ saṃdṛṣṭavyayakarmavit
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
He identified good men and protected them. He knew the people worthy of reprimand. He knew the ways and means of getting income as well as the system of spending, as perceived by economic sciences.
श्रैष्ठ्यं शास्त्रसमूहेषु प्राप्तो व्यामिश्रकेषु च
अर्थधर्मौ च संगृह्य सुखतन्त्रो न चालसः
śraiṣṭhyaṃ śāstrasamūheṣu prāpto vyāmiśrakeṣu ca
arthadharmau ca saṃgṛhya sukhatantro na cālasaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama could obtain great skill in the groups of sciences along with their subsidiaries. He was interested in enjoying comforts only after understanding the economic realities. He never remained inactive.
वैहारिकाणां शिल्पानां विज्ञातार्थविभागवित्
आरोहे विनये चैव युक्तोवारणवाजिनाम्
vaihārikāṇāṃ śilpānāṃ vijñātārthavibhāgavit
ārohe vinaye caiva yuktovāraṇavājinām
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was acquainted with the fine arts useful for entertainment. He knew how to distribute the wealth. He was efficient in riding and taming of elephants and horses.
धनुर्वेदविदां स्रेष्ठो लोके।अतिरथसंमतः
अभियाता प्रहर्ता च सेनानयविशारदः
dhanurvedavidāṃ sreṣṭho loke|atirathasaṃmataḥ
abhiyātā prahartā ca senānayaviśāradaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama was the best of persons knowing the science of archery in the world; and was well appreciated by the champions of archery. He attained skills in marshalling the army. He faced and killed the enemies in battle.
अप्रधृष्यश्च संग्रामे क्रुद्धैरपि सुरासुरैः
अनसूयो जितक्रोधो न दृप्तो न च मत्सरी
न चावमन्ता भूतानां न च कालवशानुगः
apradhṛṣyaśca saṃgrāme kruddhairapi surāsuraiḥ
anasūyo jitakrodho na dṛpto na ca matsarī
na cāvamantā bhūtānāṃ na ca kālavaśānugaḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Even enraged celestials and demons could not defeat Rama in battle. He had no jealousy. He conquered anger. He had no arrogance and envy. He had not humiliated any living being. He had not surrendered to time.
एवं श्रेष्ठगुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः
संमतस्त्रिषु लोकेषुवसुधायाः क्षमागुणैः
evaṃ śreṣṭhaguṇairyuktaḥ prajānāṃ pārthivātmajaḥ
saṃmatastriṣu lokeṣuvasudhāyāḥ kṣamāguṇaiḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
That Prince Rama, with these good virtues, was fair to the people. He was agreeable to the three worlds. By patience and the related virtues, he was equal to earth, by wisdom to Brihaspathi and by valor to Devendra.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama, by his virtues, was a source of happiness to all the people and a spring of joy to his father. As the sun shines with his rays, Rama was shining, thus, with his virtues.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The earth wished Rama to be her Lord as he was adorned with self -control and norms of behavior bearing undefeatable valor equal to that of universal lords like Indra.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Dasaratha, who annihilates enemies, started thinking as follows after observing his son with his many incomparable virtues.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The long living and aged Dasaratha thought: "Will Rama become king while I am still alive? Shall I enjoy that happiness?"
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
A great loving thought was ringing in his mind that when he would be able to see his beloved son Rama crowned as a king.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
"Is not Rama, as a raining cloud to the earth, better liked by people than me, as he desires the development of the world and has equal compassion towards all living beings."
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
"Rama is equal to Yama and Devendra in valor, to Brihaspati in wisdom and to a mountain in courage. He is more virtuous than me."
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
"Shall I attain heaven, after seeing in this age, my son ruling the entire earth?"
इत्येतै र्विविधै स्तैस्तै रन्यपार्थिवदुर्लभैः
ityetai rvividhai staistai ranyapārthivadurlabhaiḥ
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Rama had many other virtues beyond hitherto stated virtues not to be seen in other kings. His virtues cannot be counted and they are the best in the world. Seeing that type of virtuous Rama, Dasaratha along with his ministers, decided to make Rama the prince.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The wise Dasaratha said that there was sign of a great alarm being forecast because of comet like things found in earth heaven and the sky. He also told the ministers that his body was getting aged.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
He recognized that if Rama were crowned as king, he would not have worries as Rama had beautiful face as a full moon; was a great wise man; and was liked by the people.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The righteous Dasaratha was hurried with concern in the coronation of Rama as it is for his own benefit and for the benefit of people. Because it is as per his liking and also as the appropriate time has come.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
Dasaratha called for other kings and officers staying in various cities and villages in his kingdom separately.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The hurried Dasaratha did not call for the king Kekaya, the maternal uncle of Bharatha or the King Janaka as he thought they both could hear the good news even afterwards.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The king Dasaratha presented them suitably with houses and jewelry. Duly adorned himself, he looked after them in the manner Lord Brahma looks after his children.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
All the invited kings, duly liked by their people, entered the assembly after the king Dasaratha , who annihilates the opponent's army, occupied his seat.
SYNONYMS
TRANSLATION
The kings thus entered, occupied their various seats allotted to them by the king, by facing toward the king as per the prescribed rules.