Chapter 12

Kishkindha Kanda - The Empire of Holy Monkeys

VERSE 1

एतच् च वचनम् श्रुत्वा सुग्रीवस्य सुभाषितम्
प्रत्ययार्थम् महातेजा रामो जग्राह कार्मुकम्

etac ca vacanam śrutvā sugrīvasya subhāṣitam
pratyayārtham mahātejā rāmo jagrāha kārmukam

SYNONYMS

mahātejā rāmaḥ: great-resplendent, Rama | sugrīvasya su bhāṣitam: of Sugreeva, well, spoken | etat ca vacanam śrutvā: them, also, words, on hearing | pratyaya artham: credence, to inculcate | jagrāha kārmukam: took up, bow. |

TRANSLATION

On hearing the well-spoken words of Sugreeva that expressed doubt about Rama's valour, that great resplendent Rama took-up bow to inculcate credence in Sugreeva. [4-12-1]

VERSE 2

स गृहीत्वा धनुर् घोरम् शरम् एकम् च मानदः
सालम् उद्दिश्य चिक्षेप पूरयन् स रवैः दिशः

sa gṛhītvā dhanur ghoram śaram ekam ca mānadaḥ
sālam uddiśya cikṣepa pūrayan sa ravaiḥ diśaḥ

SYNONYMS

māna daḥ: dignity, bestower | saḥ gṛhītvā dhanuḥ ghoram: he, on taking, bow, dreadful one | pūrayan sa [jyā] ravaiḥ diśaḥ = filling: reverberating, with [of bowstring,] twans, in all directions | sālam uddiśya: at sala tree, aiming | ekam śaram cikṣepa: one, arrow, darted. |

TRANSLATION

Rama, the bestower of dignity to the sufferers, took up his dreadful bow, aimed at a sala tree, and darted single arrow, by which all the directions reverberated with the twang of his bowstring. [4-12-2]

VERSE 3

स विसृष्टो बलवता बाणः स्वर्ण परिष्कृतः
भित्त्वा सालान् गिरि प्रस्थम् सप्त भूमिम् विवेश ह

sa visṛṣṭo balavatā bāṇaḥ svarṇa pariṣkṛtaḥ
bhittvā sālān giri prastham sapta bhūmim viveśa ha

SYNONYMS

balavatā: by mighty Rama | vi sṛṣṭaḥ svarṇa pariṣkṛtaḥ: released is, in gold, decorated | saḥ bāṇaḥ: that, arrow | sapta sālān giri prastham bhittvā: seven, sala trees, mountain, heights, on perforating | bhūmim viveśa ha: into earth, entered, indeed. |

TRANSLATION

The golden arrow released by the mighty Rama perforated all the seven sala trees, and even the levelled areas of mountain, and then entered the earth. [4-12-3]

VERSE 4

सायकः तु मुहूर्तेन सालान् भित्त्वा महाजवः
निष्पत्य च पुनः तूर्णम् तम् एव प्रविवेश ह

sāyakaḥ tu muhūrtena sālān bhittvā mahājavaḥ
niṣpatya ca punaḥ tūrṇam tam eva praviveśa ha

SYNONYMS

sāyakaḥ tu mahā javaḥ: arrow, but, with great, briskness | muhūrtena sālān bhittvā: in a moment, sala trees, on drilling | niṣ patya ca = out, coming, also: came up from earth | punaḥ tūrṇam tam eva praviveśa ha: again, swiftly, that, only [that quiver of Rama,], entered, indeed. |

TRANSLATION

Thus that arrow which briskly drilled all the sala trees, came up in a moment from under the earth, and again swiftly re-entered the quiver of Rama. [4-12-4]

PURPORT

That arrow not only drilled one tree as asked by Sugreeva, but all the seven, and also a mountain from peak to core, and even entered the seventh earthly plane, that which is beneath the sixth plane of the earth, where atala, vitala, sutala, paataala, rasaatal, talaatala are the names of six strata of earth.
VERSE 5

तान् दृष्ट्वा सप्त निर्भिन्नान् सालान् वानरपुंगवः
रामस्य शर वेगेन विस्मयम् परमम् गतः

tān dṛṣṭvā sapta nirbhinnān sālān vānarapuṃgavaḥ
rāmasya śara vegena vismayam paramam gataḥ

SYNONYMS

vānara pungavaḥ: monkey, the best | nir bhinnān tān sapta sālān dṛṣṭvā: profoundly, fissured, those, seven, sala trees, on seeing | rāmasya śara vegena: by Rama's, arrow's, rapidity | paramam vismayam gataḥ: stunning, astonishment, went into. |

TRANSLATION

On seeing them the seven sala trees that are profoundly fissured, that best monkey Sugreeva went into a stunning astonishment at the rapidity of Rama's arrow. [4-12-5]

VERSE 6

स मूर्ध्ना न्यपतत् भूमौ प्रलंबीकृत भूषणः
सुग्रीवः परम प्रीतो राघवाय कृतांजलिः

sa mūrdhnā nyapatat bhūmau pralaṃbīkṛta bhūṣaṇaḥ
sugrīvaḥ parama prīto rāghavāya kṛtāṃjaliḥ

SYNONYMS

parama prītaḥ saḥ sugrīvaḥ: highly, gladdened, he, that Sugreeva | rāghavāya kṛta anjaliḥ: towards Raghava, makin palm fold | pra lambīkṛta bhūṣaṇaḥ: while his ornaments, made to dangling [on his crouching] | mūrdhnā nyapatat bhūmau: with head touching, fallen, on ground. |

TRANSLATION

Highly gladdened Sugreeva made palm-fold in that astonishment, kneeled while his ornaments dangled, and prostrated before Raghava with his head touching the ground. [4-12-6]

VERSE 7

इदम् च उवाच धर्मज्ञम् कर्मणा तेन हर्षितः
रामम् सर्व अस्त्र विदुषाम् श्रेष्ठम् शूरम् अवस्थितम्

idam ca uvāca dharmajñam karmaṇā tena harṣitaḥ
rāmam sarva astra viduṣām śreṣṭham śūram avasthitam

SYNONYMS

tena karmaṇā harṣitaḥ: by that, deed, overjoyed is that Sugreeva is | dharma jñam: to virtue-knower [Rama] | sarva astra viduṣām śreṣṭham: among all, missiles, experts, proficient one | śūram: valorous one | avasthitam: present before | mam: to Rama | idam ca uvāca: this, also, said. |

TRANSLATION

Overjoyed with that deed Sugreeva said this to that virtue-knower, the one who is proficient among all experts of missiles, namely the valorous Rama, who is just in his presence him. [4-12-7]

VERSE 8

स इन्द्रान् अपि सुरान् सर्वाम् त्वम् बाणैः पुरुषर्षभ
समर्थः समरे हन्तुम् किम् पुनर् वालिनम् प्रभो

sa indrān api surān sarvām tvam bāṇaiḥ puruṣarṣabha
samarthaḥ samare hantum kim punar vālinam prabho

SYNONYMS

puruṣa rṣabha: oh, best one among men | prabho: oh, lord | tvam samare: you, in battle | sa indrān sarvān surān api: with, Indra, all of them, the gods, even | bāṇaiḥ hantum samarthaḥ: with arrows, to eliminate, you are capable of | vālinam kim punaḥ: of Vali, why, again [speak of him.] |

TRANSLATION

"You with your arrows, oh, best one among men, are capable of eliminating all the gods including Indra, oh, lord, then why to speak of Vali. [4-12-8]

VERSE 9

येन सप्त महा साला गिरिर् भूमिः च दारिताः
बाणेन एकेन काकुत्स्थ स्थाता ते को रण अग्रतः

yena sapta mahā sālā girir bhūmiḥ ca dāritāḥ
bāṇena ekena kākutstha sthātā te ko raṇa agrataḥ

SYNONYMS

kākutstha: oh, Rama | yena: by whom | ekena bāṇena: by a single, arrow | sapta mahā sālā: seven, great, sala trees | giriḥ bhūmiḥ ca: mountain, earth, also | dāritāḥ: are ripped off | te: such as you are, in your before | raṇa agrataḥ: at war's, vanguard | kaḥ sthātā: who, stands. |

TRANSLATION

"By whom seven great sala trees, a mountain and also the earth is ripped off with only one arrow, oh Kakutstha, who then can stand up to you in the vanguard of war. [4-12-9]

VERSE 10

अद्य मे विगतः शोकः प्रीतिर् अद्य परा मम
सुहृदम् त्वाम् समासाद्य महेन्द्र वरुणोपमम्

adya me vigataḥ śokaḥ prītir adya parā mama
suhṛdam tvām samāsādya mahendra varuṇopamam

SYNONYMS

adya: today | mahendra varuṇa upamam: to Indra and to Rain-god, in similitude | tvām suhṛdam samāsādya: you, kind-hearted one, on gaining | me śokaḥ vigataḥ: to me, distress, is gone | adya mama parā prītiḥ: now, to me, heightened, is the joy. |

TRANSLATION

"Today on gaining a kind-hearted friend like you, who is similar to Indra and Rain-god who accord favour on their own, my distress is gone and my joy is heightened. [4-12-10]

VERSE 11

तम् अद्य एव प्रियार्थम् मे वैरिणम् भ्रातृ रूपिणम्
वालिनम् जहि काकुत्स्थ मया बद्धो अयम् अंजलिः

tam adya eva priyārtham me vairiṇam bhrātṛ rūpiṇam
vālinam jahi kākutstha mayā baddho ayam aṃjaliḥ

SYNONYMS

kākutstha: oh, Rama | me bhrātṛ rūpiṇam vairiṇam: my, in brother's, semblance, an enemy | tam vālinam: him, that Vali be | adya eva priyārtham: today, only, for my happiness | jahi: kill | mayā baddhaḥ ayam anjaliḥ = by me, joined, this, palms: in supplication. |

TRANSLATION

"Oh, Rama, today itself you eliminate that enemy of mine in a brother's semblance for my happiness, for which I adjoin my palms in supplication." Thus Sugreeva requested Rama. [4-12-11]

VERSE 12

ततो रामः परिष्वज्य सुग्रीवम् प्रिय दर्शनम्
प्रत्युवाच महाप्राज्ञो लक्ष्मणानुगतम् वचः

tato rāmaḥ pariṣvajya sugrīvam priya darśanam
pratyuvāca mahāprājño lakṣmaṇānugatam vacaḥ

SYNONYMS

tataḥ: thenl | mahā prājñaḥ: raamaH highly, percipient one, Rama | priya darśanam: pleasant one, in look [Sugreeva] | lakṣmaṇa anugatam sugrīvam pariṣvajya: Lakshmana's, alternate of, Sugreeva, on embracing | vacaḥ prati uvāca: wrods, replied. |

TRANSLATION

That great percipient Rama embraced Sugreeva, which Sugreeva is pleasant in his look for he gained confidence by now, and who is an alternate of Lakshmana to partake Rama's affection, and then Rama said these words to such a Sugreeva in reply. [4-12-12]

VERSE 13

अस्माद् गच्छाम किष्किन्धाम् क्षिप्रम् गच्छ त्वम् अग्रतः
गत्वा च आह्वय सुग्रीव वालिनम् भ्रातृ गन्धिनम्

asmād gacchāma kiṣkindhām kṣipram gaccha tvam agrataḥ
gatvā ca āhvaya sugrīva vālinam bhrātṛ gandhinam

SYNONYMS

sugrīva: oh, Sugreeva | asmāt: from here | kṣipram kiṣkindhām gacchāma: quickly, to Kishkindha, we will go | tvam [kśipram: quickly] | agrataḥ gaccha: in advance, you move | gatvā: having gone | bhrātṛ gandhinam: Vali, brotherhood, oe who is redolent of | vālinam: Vali be | āhvaya: you invite. |

TRANSLATION

""Let us quickly go from here to Kishkindha, oh, Sugreeva, you move in advance, and on going there you invite that Vali, one redolent of your brotherhood." So said Rama to Sugreeva. [4-12-13]

PURPORT

This word bhaatrgandhin is a unique expression for 'name sake,' and is said to be anarthaka bhaatR^i vyapadesham where an+arthaka is not, meaningful - meaningless; bhaatR^i brotherhood's; vyapadesham nomenclature. ' A meaningless nomenclature called a brother' for that brother who has no brotherliness for his brothers. Sugreeva do have such a brother Vali, from whom he got the redolence of cruelty alone, but not any brotherliness. Rama Tilaka.
VERSE 14

सर्वे ते त्वरितम् गत्वा किष्किन्धाम् वालिनः पुरीम्
वृक्षैः आत्मानम् आवृत्य हि अतिष्ठन् गहने वने

sarve te tvaritam gatvā kiṣkindhām vālinaḥ purīm
vṛkṣaiḥ ātmānam āvṛtya hi atiṣṭhan gahane vane

SYNONYMS

te sarve vālinaḥ purīm kiṣkindhām: they, all, to Vali's, city, to Kishkindha | tvaritam gatvā: quickly, on going | gahane vane vṛkṣaiḥ ātmānam āvṛtya: in thickets, of forests, with trees themselves, covering themselves | atiṣṭhan: stayed waited on. |

TRANSLATION

They all on quickly going to Kishkindha, the city of Vali, hedged themselves in the thickets of forest trees and waited. [4-12-14]

VERSE 15

सुग्रीवो अपि व्यनदद् घोरम् वालिनो ह्वान कारणात्
गाढम् परिहितो वेगान् नादैः भिन्दन् इव अंबरम्

sugrīvo api vyanadad ghoram vālino hvāna kāraṇāt
gāḍham parihito vegān nādaiḥ bhindan iva aṃbaram

SYNONYMS

sugrīvaḥ api: Sugreeva, even | gāḍham parihitaḥ: firmly, tightening [girdle-cloth] | vegāt nādaiḥ bhindan ambaram iva: with rapidity, of shouting, to crack, the sky, as though | vālinaḥ hvāna kāraṇāt: Vali, to invite, for the purpose of | vyanadat ghoram: shouted, boisterously. |

TRANSLATION

Sugreeva firmly tightened his girdle-cloth for the duel and shouted boisterously for the purpose of inviting Vali for a duel, and his rapidity in shouting appeared as though to crack the sky. [4-12-15]

VERSE 16

तम् श्रुत्वा निनदम् भ्रातुः क्रुद्धो वाली महाबलः
निष्पपात सुसंरब्धो भास्करो अस्त तटात् इव

tam śrutvā ninadam bhrātuḥ kruddho vālī mahābalaḥ
niṣpapāta susaṃrabdho bhāskaro asta taṭāt iva

SYNONYMS

mahābalaḥ vālī: great, mighty, Vali | bhrātuḥ tam ninadam śrutvā: brother's, that, shouting. on hearing | kruddhaḥ: is infuriated | su samrabdhaḥ: impetuously [came out] | asta taṭāt bhāskaraḥ iva: dusking, from brink, Sun, like | niṣ papāta = out fallen: fell out. |

TRANSLATION

On hearing his brother's shouting that great mighty Vali is infuriated and impetuously rushed out of his palace chambers, like the sun falling back onto sky from his dusking brink. [4-12-16]

PURPORT

Here Vali is compared with the dusking sun, who is also said to fall back onto the sky before his total dusking into western side. Some say 'because Vali is going to see the dusk of his day this simile is suitable,' while some say that 'Vali is not going to see his dusk of the day now itself hence this is unsuitable.' And some other older mms, contain this simile as toyadaat iva bhaaskaraH i.e., 'came out like blazing sun from behind the black cloud.'
VERSE 17

ततः सुतुमुलम् युद्धम् वालि सुग्रीवयोः अभूत्
गगने ग्रहयोः घोरम् बुध अंगारकयोः इव

tataḥ sutumulam yuddham vāli sugrīvayoḥ abhūt
gagane grahayoḥ ghoram budha aṃgārakayoḥ iva

SYNONYMS

tataḥ: then | vāli sugrīvayoḥ: between Vali, Sugreeva | gagane budha angārakayoḥ grahayoḥ iva: in skies, among Mercury, Mars, among planets, like | su tumulam ghoram yuddham abhūt: very, tumultuous, awful, fight, occurred |

TRANSLATION

Then a very tumultuous and awful fight occurred between Vali and Sugreeva, which is like the awful fight between the planets Mercury and Mars in skies. [4-12-17]

PURPORT

"The encounter between Michael and Satan is similarly said to have been as if : "Two planets rushing from aspect malign / Of fiercest opposition in midsky / Should combat, and their jarring spheres / compound." Paradise Lost. Book VI. - So say Griffith.
VERSE 18

तलैः अशनि कल्पैः च वज्र कल्पैः च मुष्टिभिः
जघ्नतुः समरे अन्योन्यम् भ्रातरौ क्रोध मूर्च्छितौ

talaiḥ aśani kalpaiḥ ca vajra kalpaiḥ ca muṣṭibhiḥ
jaghnatuḥ samare anyonyam bhrātarau krodha mūrcchitau

SYNONYMS

krodha mūrcchitau: in frenzy, convulsed | bhrātarau: among two brothers | aśani kalpaiḥ: thunderbolts, similar | talaiḥ: with palms | vajra kalpaiḥ muṣṭibhiḥ: lightning, similar, with fists | samare anyonyam jaghnatuḥ: in fight, each other battered. |

TRANSLATION

Those two brothers who are convulsed in frenzy battered each other in that fight with their thunderbolt-like palms, and lightning-like fists. [4-12-18]

VERSE 19

ततो रामो धनुष् पाणिः तौ उभौ समुदैक्षत
अन्योन्य सदृशौ वीरौ उभौ देवौ इव अश्विनौ

tato rāmo dhanuṣ pāṇiḥ tau ubhau samudaikṣata
anyonya sadṛśau vīrau ubhau devau iva aśvinau

SYNONYMS

tataḥ: then | rāmaḥ dhanuṣ pāṇiḥ: Rama, with bow, wielding in hand | devau aśvinau ubhau iva: gods, Ashwin, twins, like | anyonya sadṛśau: each other, similar to the other | tau ubhau vīrau samudaikśata [sam ut īkśata]: those two, valiant ones, watched them. |

TRANSLATION

Then Rama wielding bow in his hand watched those valiant ones that are alike in their appearance, like the Ashwin twins among gods. [4-12-19]

PURPORT

The Twins of Gemini, as known in European astronomy by names Castor and Pollux, or the Dioskuri are the Ashwin twins of Hindus.
VERSE 20

यत् न अवगच्छत् सुग्रीवम् वालिनम् वा अपि राघवः
ततो न कृतवान् बुद्धिम् मोक्तुम् अन्तकरम् शरम्

yat na avagacchat sugrīvam vālinam vā api rāghavaḥ
tato na kṛtavān buddhim moktum antakaram śaram

SYNONYMS

rāghavaḥ: Raghava | sugrīvam: Sugreeva | vālinam vā api: Vali, or, either | yat: by which reason | na avagacchat: not, descried | tataḥ: thereby | anta karam śaram: end, making [deadening,] arrow moktum = to release | buddhim: mind | na kṛtavān: not, made. |

TRANSLATION

For which reason Raghava could not differentiate between Sugreeva or Vali, for the same reason did not make up his mind to release his arrow, otherwise it would have been a deadening arrow, as confusion is the only reason for Rama. [4-12-20]

VERSE 21

एतस्मिन् अन्तरे भग्नः सुग्रीवः तेन वालिना
अपश्यन् राघवम् नाथम् ऋश्यमूकम् प्रदुद्रुवे

etasmin antare bhagnaḥ sugrīvaḥ tena vālinā
apaśyan rāghavam nātham ṛśyamūkam pradudruve

SYNONYMS

etasmin antare: in the, while | tena vālinā: by that, Vali | bhagnaḥ sugrīvaḥ = broken: whacked, Sugreeva | nātham: the benefactor | rāghavam: Raghava | a paśyan: not, seeing | ṛśyamūkam pra dudruve: to Rishyamuka, immediately, fled to. |

TRANSLATION

Meanwhile Sugreeva is unable to spot out his benefactor Raghava as Vali whacked him down, and thereby he immediately fled to Mt. Rishyamuka. [4-12-21]

VERSE 22

क्लान्तो रुधिर सिक्त अंगो प्रहारैः जर्जरी कृतः
वालिना अभिद्रुतः क्रोधात् प्रविवेश महावनम्

klānto rudhira sikta aṃgo prahāraiḥ jarjarī kṛtaḥ
vālinā abhidrutaḥ krodhāt praviveśa mahāvanam

SYNONYMS

vālinā krodhāt abhi drutaḥ: by Vali, by fury, confronted / ran chasing | klāntaḥ rudhira sikta angaḥ: debilitated, blood, soaking, body-parts | prahāraiḥ jarjarī kṛtaḥ: by thwacking, enervate, made into [enervated] | praviveśa mahāvanam: entered, great forest. |

TRANSLATION

Sugreeva is debilitated and enervated by Vali's thwacking till his limbs soaked in blood, and he entered the great forest of Rishyamuka as Vali chased him. [4-12-22]

VERSE 23

तम् प्रविष्टम् वनम् दृष्ट्वा वाली शाप भयात् ततः
मुक्तो हि असि त्वम् इति उक्त्वा स निवृत्तो महाबलः

tam praviṣṭam vanam dṛṣṭvā vālī śāpa bhayāt tataḥ
mukto hi asi tvam iti uktvā sa nivṛtto mahābalaḥ

SYNONYMS

vanam praviṣṭam tam dṛṣṭvā: forest, entered, him [Sugreeva,] on seeing | mahābalaḥ saḥ vālī: great mighty, he that, Vali | tvam muktaḥ asi hi: you are, let off, indeed | iti uktvā: thus, saying | śāpa bhayāt tataḥ nivṛttaḥ: by curse's, fear, from there, returned. |

TRANSLATION

On seeing Sugreeva's entry into the forest of Rishyamuka, Vali said to him "you are let off for now..." and saying so he returned to Kishkindha from there in view of fear from curse of Sage Matanga. [4-12-23]

VERSE 24

राघवो अपि सह भ्रात्रा सह चैव हनूमता
तदेव वनम् आगच्छत् सुग्रीवो यत्र वानरः

rāghavo api saha bhrātrā saha caiva hanūmatā
tadeva vanam āgacchat sugrīvo yatra vānaraḥ

SYNONYMS

rāghavaḥ api: Raghava, also | saha bhrātrā: with, brother [Lakshmana] | hanūmatā ca saha eva: Hanuma, with, also, like that | yatra vānaraḥ sugrīvaḥ: where, monkey, Sugreeva is there | tat eva vanam āgacchat: to that, forest, alone, he came. |

TRANSLATION

Raghava also came to that forest, along with his brother Lakshmana and along with Hanuma, where that monkey Sugreeva fled. [4-12-24]

VERSE 25

तम् समीक्ष्य आगतम् रामम् सुग्रीवः सह लक्ष्मणम्
ह्रीमान् दीनम् उवाच इदम् वसुधाम् अवलोकयन्

tam samīkṣya āgatam rāmam sugrīvaḥ saha lakṣmaṇam
hrīmān dīnam uvāca idam vasudhām avalokayan

SYNONYMS

sugrīvaḥ: Sugreeva | āgatam saha lakṣmaṇam: one who arrived, with, Lakshmana | tam rāmam samīkṣya: him, that Rama, on seeing | hrīmān vasudhām avalokayan: ashamed one, ground, while looking at | dīnam uvāca idam: piteously, spoke, this. |

TRANSLATION

Seeing the arrival of Rama with Lakshmana, Sugreeva ashamedly turned his eyes down to earth and piteously spoke this without eyeing Rama [4-12-25]

VERSE 26

आह्वयस्व इति माम् उक्त्वा दर्शयित्वा च विक्रमम्
वैरिणा घातयित्वा च किम् इदानीम् त्वया कृतम्

āhvayasva iti mām uktvā darśayitvā ca vikramam
vairiṇā ghātayitvā ca kim idānīm tvayā kṛtam

SYNONYMS

āhvayasva iti mām uktvā: invite [Vali,] thus, to me, on saying [encouraging] | darśayitvā ca vikramam: showing, also, dexterity | vairiṇā ghātayitvā ca: by enemy, got battered | tvayā idānīm kim kṛtam: by you, now, what is, done. |

TRANSLATION

"Showing your dexterity you encouraged me to invite Vali for fight, but you got me battered by my enemy, what is this done by you." [4-12-26]

VERSE 27

ताम् एव वेलाम् वक्तव्यम् त्वया राघव तत्त्वतः
वालिनम् न निहन्मि इति ततो न अहम् इतो व्रजे

tām eva velām vaktavyam tvayā rāghava tattvataḥ
vālinam na nihanmi iti tato na aham ito vraje

SYNONYMS

ṟāghava: oh, Raghava | tām velām eva: at that, time, only | vālinam na nihanmi: Vali, I do not, kill, iti tattvataH tvayaa vaktavyam = thus, truly, by you, should have been told | tataḥ: then | aham itaḥ na vraje: I, to here, would not, have come. |

TRANSLATION

"You should have truly made it known at that time only, oh, Raghava, that you will not kill Vali, then I would not have come here, to Kishkindha. [4-12-27]

VERSE 28

तस्य च एवम् ब्रुवाणस्य सुग्रीवस्य महात्मनः
करुणम् दीनया वाचा राघवः पुनर् अब्रवीत्

tasya ca evam bruvāṇasya sugrīvasya mahātmanaḥ
karuṇam dīnayā vācā rāghavaḥ punar abravīt

SYNONYMS

mahātmanaḥ tasya sugrīvasya: great-souled one, of that, Sugreeva | dīnayā vācā: with pathetic, words | karuṇam evam bruvāṇasya: woefully, this way, while saying | rāghavaḥ punaḥ abravīt: Raghava, again, said. |

TRANSLATION

Rama replied that great-souled Sugreeva who is speaking woefully with pathetic words in this way. [4-12-28]

VERSE 29

सुग्रीव श्रूयताम् तात क्रोधः च व्यपनीयताम्
कारणम् येन बाणो अयम् स मया न विसर्जितः

sugrīva śrūyatām tāta krodhaḥ ca vyapanīyatām
kāraṇam yena bāṇo ayam sa mayā na visarjitaḥ

SYNONYMS

tāta sugrīva: dear, Sugreeva | yena: by which reason | saḥ ayam bāṇaḥ = this, that, arrov: the arrow such as this | mayā na visarjitaḥ: by me, not, let off | kāraṇam śrūyatām: reason, be heard | krodhaḥ vyapanīyatām [vi apa nīyatām] = anger, be, aside, distanced: discarded. |

TRANSLATION

"Sugreeva, by which reason I have not let-off an arrow such as that of mine, that reason may be heard and let the anger be discarded. [4-12-29]

VERSE 30

अलंकारेण वेषेण प्रमाणेन गतेन च
त्वम् च सुग्रीव वाली च सदृशौ स्थः परस्परम्

alaṃkāreṇa veṣeṇa pramāṇena gatena ca
tvam ca sugrīva vālī ca sadṛśau sthaḥ parasparam

SYNONYMS

alamkāreṇa: by ornamentation | veṣeṇa: by attire | pramāṇena: in physicality gatena ca = by movements, also | tvam ca: you, and | sugrīva: oh, Sugreeva | vālī ca: Vali, also | parasparam sadṛśau sthaḥ: to each other, resemble, you both are there. |

TRANSLATION

"By ornamentation, attire, physicality and movements, you and Vali look-alike. [4-12-30]

VERSE 31

स्वरेण वर्चसा च एव प्रेक्षितेन च वानर
विक्रमेण च वाक्यैः च व्यक्तिम् वाम् न उपलक्षये

svareṇa varcasā ca eva prekṣitena ca vānara
vikrameṇa ca vākyaiḥ ca vyaktim vām na upalakṣaye

SYNONYMS

vānara: oh monkey | svareṇa: by voice | varcasā: by bodily glow | ca eva: also, thus | prekṣitena: by your looking | vikrameṇa ca vākyaiḥ ca: by bravery, also, by speech | vām vyaktim na upalakṣaye: among you, difference, not, spotted. |

TRANSLATION

"By your voice, bodily glow also thus in your looking, also in bravery and in speech, oh monkey, I could not mark any difference. [4-12-31]

VERSE 32

ततो अहम् रूप सादृश्यात् मोहितो वानरोत्तम
न उत्सृजामि महावेगम् शरम् शत्रु निबर्हणम्

tato aham rūpa sādṛśyāt mohito vānarottama
na utsṛjāmi mahāvegam śaram śatru nibarhaṇam

SYNONYMS

vānara uttama: oh, monkey, the best | tataḥ: thereby | rūpa sādṛśyāt mohitaḥ: by personalities, similarity, confused | aham: I | mahā vegam: great, speeded | śatru nibarhaṇam: enemy, annihilating one | śaram: arrow | na utsṛjāmi: not, released. |

TRANSLATION

"Thereby, oh, great monkey, I have not released this great speeded and enemy annihilating arrow of mine as I was confused in the similarity of your personalities. [4-12-32]

VERSE 33

जीवित अन्तकरम् घोरम् सादृश्यात् तु विशंकितः
मूलघातो न नौ स्याद्धि द्वयोः इति कृतो मया

jīvita antakaram ghoram sādṛśyāt tu viśaṃkitaḥ
mūlaghāto na nau syāddhi dvayoḥ iti kṛto mayā

SYNONYMS

sādṛśyāt tu: by similarity, but | vi śankitaḥ: being ambiguous | jīvita antakaram ghoram: life, terminator, ghastly one | nau dvayoḥ mūla ghātaḥ syāt hi: = to two of us, basic [object,] ruined, it will be, isn't it | iti maya kṛtaḥ: thus [ thinking,] by me, not done. |

TRANSLATION

"I was ambiguous by your similarities, as such I have not released this ghastly and life-taking arrow, otherwise the basic object of ours will be ruined, isn't it. [4-12-33]

VERSE 34

त्वयि वीर विपन्ने हि अज्ञान् लाघवान् मया
मौढ्यम् च मम बाल्यम् च ख्यापितम् स्यात् कपीस्वर

tvayi vīra vipanne hi ajñān lāghavān mayā
mauḍhyam ca mama bālyam ca khyāpitam syāt kapīsvara

SYNONYMS

vīra: oh, brave one | kapīsvara: oh, monkey's, lord | a jñāt = un, knovingly: by my unawareness | lāghavāt: by [my] fallacy | tvayi vipanne: you, when you become afflicted with hazard | maya: by me | mama: my | mauḍhyam ca bālyam ca: imbecility, also | khyāpitam syāt: established, they will be [isn't it.] |

TRANSLATION

"When my unawareness and fallacy hazardously afflicts none but you in the form of my own arrow, oh, brave lord of monkeys, then I will be establishing my own imbecility and naivety, isn't it. [4-12-34]

VERSE 35

दत्त अभय वधो नाम पातकम् महत् अद्भुतम्
अहम् च लक्ष्मणः च एव सीत च वरवर्णिनी

datta abhaya vadho nāma pātakam mahat adbhutam
aham ca lakṣmaṇaḥ ca eva sīta ca varavarṇinī

SYNONYMS

, 36a| datta abhaya vadhaḥ nāma: given, protection, killing, means [killing one who is protected means] | pātakam mahat adbhutam: sin, highest, terrifying | aham ca lakśmaṇaḥ ca eva: myself, also, Lakshmana, thus | vara varṇinī sīta ca: of exquisite, glow, Seetha, also | vayam sarve tvat adhīnā = ve, all, are under your, control: dependent on you | bhavān asmin vane śaraṇam: you are, in forest, this one, shelter, |

TRANSLATION

"Eliminating one who is protected means a terrifying sin of highest order, even so, myself and Lakshmana and also thus Seetha with her exquisite glow are all dependent on you, and you are our shelterer in this forest. [4-12-35, 36a]

VERSE 36

तस्मात् युध्यस्व भूयस्त्वम् मा शंकी च वानर

tasmāt yudhyasva bhūyastvam mā śaṃkī ca vānara

SYNONYMS

vānara: oh, monkey | tasmāt tvam bhūyaḥ yudhyasva: therefore, you, again, fight | : me | mā śankī: don't, doubt | etat muhūrte tu: at this, moment, only | mayā: by me | āhave: in fight | ekena iṣuṇā nirastam: with single, arrow, reneder him ineffective | mahī tale veṣṭamānam: on earth's, surface, squirming | vālinam paśya: Vali, you may see. |

TRANSLATION

"Therefore, oh, monkey, again you fight with him without doubting me, and I will render him ineffective at this moment only with a single arrow of mine, and you can see Vali squirming on the ground. [4-12-36, 37],

VERSE 38

अभिज्ञानम् कुरुष्व त्वम् आत्मनो वानरेश्वर
येन त्वाम् अभिजानीयाम् द्वन्द्व युद्धम् उपागतम्

abhijñānam kuruṣva tvam ātmano vānareśvara
yena tvām abhijānīyām dvandva yuddham upāgatam

SYNONYMS

vānareśvara: oh, monkey's, lord | ātmanaḥ abhijñānam kuruṣva tvam: for yourself, identity, make, you | yena tvām abhijānīyām: by which, you, be identified | dvandva yuddham upāgatam tvām: in duel, fight, engaged in, you. |

TRANSLATION

"You have an identification for yourself, oh lord of monkeys, by which you can be identified when you are engaged in duel. [4-12-38]

VERSE 39

गज पुष्पीम् इमाम् फुल्लाम् उत्पाट्य शुभ लक्षणाम्
कुरु लक्ष्मण कण्ठे अस्य सुग्रीवस्य महात्मनः

gaja puṣpīm imām phullām utpāṭya śubha lakṣaṇām
kuru lakṣmaṇa kaṇṭhe asya sugrīvasya mahātmanaḥ

SYNONYMS

lakṣmaṇa: oh, Lakshmana | imām phullām śubha akṣaṇām gaja puṣpīm: these, bloomed, beautiful, in their aspect, gaja, creeper | utpāṭya = on ekṣtracting: picking up | mahātmanaḥ asya sugrīvasya: noble-souled one, his, Sugreeva's | kaṇṭhe kuru: around neck, you make you [place.] |

TRANSLATION

"Lakshmana, pick up this gaja creeper that is beautiful in its appearance and let this noble souled Sugreeva be garlanded with that." So said Rama to Lakshmana. [4-12-39]

VERSE 40

ततो गिरि तटे जाताम् उत्पाट्य कुसुमायुताम्
लक्ष्मणो गज पुष्पीम् ताम् तस्य कण्ठे व्यसर्जयत्

tato giri taṭe jātām utpāṭya kusumāyutām
lakṣmaṇo gaja puṣpīm tām tasya kaṇṭhe vyasarjayat

SYNONYMS

tataḥ: then | lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakshmana | giri taṭe jātām: at mountain, step, growing | kusuma āyutām: flowers, together with | tām gaja puṣpīm utpāṭya: that, gaja, creeper, on plucking | tasya kaṇṭhe vyasarjayat [vi ava sarjayat]: his [Sugreeva's], around neck, slung it. |

TRANSLATION

Then Lakshmana plucked that gaja creeper with flowers growing at the foot of the mountain, and slung it like a garland around the neck of that Sugreeva. [4-12-40] n

VERSE 41

स तथा शुशुभे श्रीमान् लतया कण्ठ सक्तया
मालया इव बलाकानाम् ससंध्य इव तोयदः

sa tathā śuśubhe śrīmān latayā kaṇṭha saktayā
mālayā iva balākānām sasaṃdhya iva toyadaḥ

SYNONYMS

śrīmān: prosperous one [Sugreeva] | saḥ kaṇṭha saktayā: he, with creeper, around neck | latayā: with creeper | sa sandhya: with, sunset [colour] | toya daḥ: water-giver [black cloud] | balākānām mālayā iva: with herons, train of, like | śuśubhe: shone forth. |

TRANSLATION

He that prosperous Sugreeva with that flowery-creeper adorning his neck then shone forth like a black rain cloud against a backdrop of rich ochry colour of sunset, and with a train of herons adorning that cloud like a garland. [4-12-41]

VERSE 42

इति वाल्मीकि रामायणे आदि काव्ये किष्किन्ध काण्डे द्वादशः सर्गः

iti vālmīki rāmāyaṇe ādi kāvye kiṣkindha kāṇḍe dvādaśaḥ sargaḥ

SYNONYMS

vapuṣā vi bhrājamānaḥ: by physique, verily effulgent | saḥ: he that Sugreeva | rāma vākya samāhitaḥ: by Rama's, words, emboldened | saha rāmeṇa: with, Rama | jagāma punaḥ kiṣkindhām: advanced, again, to Kishkindha | āpa: he reached it. |

TRANSLATION

He that Sugreeva whose physique became effulgent by that creeper-garland is again emboldened by Rama's words, and he again advanced to Kishkindha with Rama, and reached it again. [4-12-42]